
Class _ 
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COPYRSGHT DEPOSIT 







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THE STORY 



OF THE 



Marches, Battles and Incidents 



OF THE 



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Indiana Volunteer Infantry. 



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BY 



A MEMBER OF THE REGIMENT. 









4^ 



NEW (ASTLE. INK: 
The Courier Company I 
L891. 









ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS IN THE YEAR 1891 

BY WILLIAM GROSE, 

IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, AT WASHINGTON, D. C. 






TO THE MEMORY OF 

OUR BRAVE COMRADES, 

Who upon the Field of Battle, or elsewhere hi the Service, 
gave their lives to save the Government, 

AND TO THE SURVIVING MEMBERS 

Of the 36th Her/intent Indiana Volunteers, 
this Work is Dedicated, 

BY THE AUTHOR. 



" The flowers of Fame will grow beautiful and green, 
And by his grave's side pilgrim feet shall tread, 
And blessing, pure as men to martyrs give, 
Will there be breathed by those he died to save." 



PREFACE. 

Twenty-five years have passed since the close of the war, 
and yet no satisfactory history of the same is accessible to 
the public. The abundant materials that are buried in the 
War Department at Washington are slowly becoming ac- 
cessible to the enterprising student of history. The pub- 
lication of the War Records are moving slowly and very 
limited to the reading public. It is probable that the next 
century will come before the Records, upon the present 
limited plan for the public, can be completed. 

The author of this small and imperfect volume had fre 
quent overtures from comrades to write and have pub- 
lished a history of the doings and service of the Regiment, 
and finally, at the annual reunion in 1890, a resolution was 
passed unanimously requesting him to do so. He who 
writes an account of transactions in which he himself was 
an active participant, is always at a disadvantage to present 
many of the important points. 

We lay no claim to literary ability. It was never the ex- 
pectation to write a book of high historical merit, but if 
we have written the facts, and placed them in shape to be 
comprehended by the casual observer, we shall be con- 
tent. 

Deeming further apologies unnecessary, we submit this 
unpretending volume, and indulge a hope that the surviv- 
ors who may read of the toils, privation and perils we have 
attempted to record, will find a truthful account of their 
distinguished services, as far as given. 

William Grose. 

New Castle, hid., November, 1891. 



CONTENTS. 

PART I. 

CHAPTER I. 

The Causes that Led to the War, !i 

CHAPTER U. 
Roster of Officers and Enlisted Men, with Residence, Date of Enter- 
ing Service, Muster Out, and Remarks on Service and Inci- 
dents to Each Member of the Regiment, 14 

CHAPTER III. 

Organization of the Regiment at Camp Wayne, at the City of 
Richmond, Indiana, and Its Movements to the Front by Way 
of Indianapolis, Jeffersonville, Louisville, New Haven, Camp 
Wickliffe, Down the Ohio and Up the Cumberland River to 
Nashville, thence to Savannah and Pittsburg Landing — The 
Battle of Shilob, 94 

CHAPTER IV. 
Movements toward Corinth and the Capture thereof — Pursuit of 
the Enemy — Abandonment of Pursuit — March to luka, Tus- 
cumbia, Florence, Athens, and Return to Nashville — Murfrees- 
boro — Advance to McMinnville — Fight with Forrest — Back 
to Nashville and Louisville, IK! 

CHAPTER V. 

Re-organization at Louisville — The Battle of Perry ville — Pursuit 
of Bragg — Wildcat — The Army of the Cumberland — Return 
to Nashville, 135 

CHAPTER VI. 
Stone River Campaign — Disposition of Forces — Forward Move- 
ment — Battles of December 29, 18(>2, and January L', 1863, . 14.'! 

CHAPTER VII. 
Operations During the Army's Encampment at Murfreesboro — 



6 CONTENTS. 

General Crittenden's Command Disposed so as to Cover the 
Liberty and Lebanon Turnpikes, the Left Resting on Stone 
River, 167 

CHAPTER VIII. 
From Cripple Creek to the Tennessee River and across to White- 
side Station — The Battle of Chicamauga, 172 

CHAPTER IX. 

s 

Siege of Chattanooga — Battles of Lookout Mountain and Mission- 
i 
ary Ridge. 190 

CHAPTER X. 
The Atlanta Campaign, 209 

PART II. 

Abraham Lincoln — Morton — General William Grose — Colonel O. 
H. P. Carey — General Thomas VV. Bennett — The Regiment 
by Companies — General Grose's Farewell to his Old Brigade 
— The 1891 Reunion — Soldiers' Help, 227 



PART I. 



CHAPTER I. 

THE CAUSES THAT LED TO THE WAR. 

Over a century has passed since our patriotic grand 
sires entered upon a contest, with the declaration prom 
inent before them and the world that of right all men 
should be free and equal. And in 1H60, upon a greal 
political contest, an advance step was taken by one of 
the parties, that the inhumanity of human slavery 
should not extend its blighting curses over any more of 
the free soil of the United States, nor in the Territor 
ies thereof. The issues were made and submitted, and 
this cardinal axiom won at the ballot-box and was de- 
clared to be the rule for our people in the future of 
our government. Then it was that wicked and bad men 
arrayed themselves against these results, and declared. 
• • Rather than these, we will destroy and have no more 
United States favoring equal rights and humanity to all : 
but we will go to and have the Confederate States of 
America, and the corner-stone thereof shall be human 
slavery and inhumanity forever."' And hence came tin 1 
great, bloody conflict, and the great losses we have so 
often and so sincerely lamented. 

One of the great, if not the greatest of the champions 
of freedom for all the human race, was stricken down 
in his public position in the United States Senate, for 
the cause of 'advocating human freedom in opposition to 
human slavery. The attempted assassination of Senator 
Sumner was the declaration of war in favor of slavery 
and the destruction of the governmenl of the I'nited 
States. The would-be assassinator declared at a pub] it- 
banquet : "I tell you. fellow citizens, from the bottom 
of my heart, that the only mode that I can think of for 



10 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

meeting the issue, is just to tear the constitution of the 
United States, trample it under foot, and form a South- 
ern Confederacy, every State of which shall be a slave - 
holding State. I believe it as I stand in the face of my 
Maker ; I believe it on my responsibility to you as your 
honored representative, that the only hope of the South 
is in the South, and that the only available means of 
making that hope effective is to cut asunder the bonds 
that tie us together, and take our separate position in 
the family of Nations." 

These sentiments found ready echo among the sedi- 
tiously disposed people of the South, and willing ears 
from some parts of the North. The time for nomina- 
tions for the struggle was approaching. The Democratic 
National Convention assembled on the 25th of April, 
1860, at Charleston, S. C. Caleb Gushing, of Massachu- 
setts, was made president of the convention, and a plat- 
form adopted. This, however, did not concede to the 
South the ' ' necessary guarantees for the preservation 
of the Union," and the Southern delegates withdrew, 
organized a Southern convention, met May 3d, and after 
attempts to nominate adjourned to meet at Richmond. 
The balance of the Charleston convention adjourned to 
meet at Baltimore on the 13th of June. On re-assem- 
bling at Baltimore quite a number more withdrew; those 
remaining nominated Stephen A. Douglass, of Illinois, 
for President, and Benjamin Pitzpatrick, of Alabama, 
for Vice President. The seceders at Richmond nomi- 
nated John C. Breckenridge, of Kentucky, for President, 
and Joseph Lane, of Oregon, for Vice President. In 
the meantime another convention, styling itself the 
"Constitutional Union," met at Baltimore on the 9th of 
May and nominated John Bell, of Tennessee, for Presi- 
dent, and Edward Everett, of Massachusetts, for Vice 
President. Then on the 16th of May, a convention at 



CAUSES THAT LED TO THE WAR. 11 

Chicago nominated Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois, for 
President, and Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine, for Vice 
President. 

The leaders of the South had lost faith in their North 
ern combinations and determined to go without them. 
This was properly the Breckenridge party, and the con 
trolling element determined to maintain the slave power 
or break up the government and establish a Southern 
confederation of States. But a kind Providence and the 
brave Union soldiers directed otherwise. The Douglass 
party hobbled along through the campaign without hope 
or promise, with full privilege in the future to squat 
politically wherever they might see proper. The Bell, 
"Constitutional Union," party fell still-born, without 
funeral ceremonies or mourners, and was not heard of 
after the November election. 

On November 6, 1H00, Abraham Lincoln, as had been 
foreseen, was elected President of the United States. 
His principles and positions' on all the questions in- 
volved were well known. He was a native of Kentucky; 
from there he removed to Indiana, thence to Illinois, 
next to the Presidency. He was the intellectual, politi- 
cal giant of his day, and was the man above all others 
for the position and the occasion, to main tain and de- 
fend the government of the United States against its 
enemies, then in full array for its destruction. Stephen 
A. Douglass, the "Little Giant'* of Illinois, his late com- 
petitor, at once came to his assistance, and the remain- 
der of his life, though short, was given to the Presidenl 
to put down the Rebellion, and as well many others of 
the friends of Mr. Douglass gave their best help, their 
lives, their all. to the government, by helping the ad 
ministration of President Lincoln. Of the party that 
nominated and elected Lincoln, none faltered, but all 
stood firm against the destruction of the government 



12 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

and the constitution. Thousands upon thousands sacri- 
ficed their lives thus upon the altar of their country's 
cause. 

Port Sumter, under command of Major Anderson, with 
a small force of United States Infantry, was compelled 
to surrender to the rebel force at Charleston, S. C. Im- 
mediately thereafter, on the 15th of April, 1861, the 
President issued his proclamation declaring that the 
laws of the United States had been for some time past 
and then were opposed, and the execution thereof ob- 
structed in the States of South Carolina, Georgia. Ala- 
bama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, by 
combinations too powerful to be suppressed by the or- 
dinary course of judicial proceedings or by the power 
vested in the marshals of the law : and therefore called 
forth 75.000 of the militia of the several States, to sup- 
press said combinations and to cause the laws to be 
executed. 

The cannon that bombarded Sumter awoke strange 
echoes, and touched forgotten chords in the American 
heart ; patriotism and loyalty leaped into instant life, 
and stood radiant and ready for the fierce encounter. 
The public press, as well as the people, divided through- 
out the country as to the course to be taken. The 
President called Congress to meet on the 4th of July, 
and by proclamation of May 3, 1861, called for volun- 
teers — 42,000 infantry and cavalry, to serve three years, 
and to increase the regular army 22,714, and the enlist- 
ment of 18,000 seamen for from one to three years, for 
naval force. All of these requisitions were promptly 
filled. 

By act of Congress of July 22 the States were asked 
to furnish 500.000 volunteers for three years, or during 
the war, and by act of July 29 the regular army was to 
be increased 25,000 in addition, The portion for Indiana 



CAUSES THAT LED TO THE WAR. 13 

was soon made up, the 36th Indiana being one regiment 
thereof. On the first day of December Indiana had in 
the volunteer service 57,332. rank and file, those in the 
regular army not included. 

Lincoln had foreseen, and said in a public speech, that 
our government could not continue to exist half free 
and half slave. It was an advance step for him to take 
at that time, and then to be elected President of the 
United States ; yet still more wonderful for right, jus- 
tice and humanity it was. that within the first two years 
of his administration he should, as a war measure, pro- 
claim that slavery should cease to exist in all parts of 
our country that should be in rebellion on a given day. 
The day arrived and the proclamation was made abso- 
lute and sustained by the onward inarch of the Union 
soldier, and thereby slavery has become extinct. 

Victor Hugo says that America in the nineteenth cen- 
tury, after she had awakened to her condition, looked 
upon herself and said, "What; I had slaves!" and that 
Europe would awake in the twentieth century and ex- 
claim. "What; I had kings!*' 



14 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 



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THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

















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CM 


m 






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CD 


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+3 




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UOSTER OF COMPANY B. 27 

























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CHAPTER III. 

ORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT AT CAMP WAYNE, AT 
THE CITY OF RICHMOND, IND., AND ITS MOVEMENTS 
TO THE FRONT BY WAY OF INDIANAPOLIS, JEFFER- 
SONVILLE, LOUISVILLE, NEW HAVEN, CAMP WICK- 
LIFFE, DOWN THE OHIO AND UP THE CUMBERLAND 
RIVER TO NASHVILLE, THENCE TO SAVANNAH AND 
PITTSBURG LANDING — THE BATTLE OF SHILOH. 

The Regiment was organized at Camp Wayne, at the 
city of Richmond, and mustered into service on the 16th 
of September, 1861, for three years, under the immediate 
superintendence of William Grose, who was Colonel 
thereof, receiving the kindest of help from the peace- 
loving citizens of said city and the county of Wayne, as 
well as the favor of the entire Fifth Congressional Dis- 
trict. 

On the 11th day of October, 1861, the Regiment left 
Camp Wayne for Louisville, Ky. , via Indianapolis, tarry- 
ing a few days at the latter city for arms and equip- 
ments. Leaving Indianapolis with 1,047 men, rank and 
file, on the 23d of October, it arrived at Jeffersonville 
the same evening, reporting next day to General Sher- 
man in Louisville, by whom the Colonel was kindly re- 
ceived and directed to remain in the camp that the 
Regiment was then in, and in a few days he could re- 
port to General Buell for orders, which direction was 
obeyed. The Regiment was ordered by General Buell 
to New Haven, Ky., by rail, thirty miles from Louis- 
ville, where the Regiment remained until December 15, 
in the meantime trying hard day and night to cease to 
be citizens and learn to be soldiers, officers and men be- 




CAPTAIN PYRRHUS WOODWARD. 



ENROUTE TO NASHVILLE. 95 

ing fearful that the war would end and they would not 
get into a fight. On the 15th, upon orders, reported to 
General Nelson, at Camp Wickliffe, ten miles distant. 
The Regiment was there assigned to the Tenth Brigade, 
under command of Colonel Jacob Ammen. of the 24th 
Ohio, and the Fourth Division, under command of Gen- 
eral Nelson, a complete disciplinarian, who taught us to 
act like soldiers in camp life, and informed us not to be 
uneasy about not getting into a fight, for we would have 
;is much of that business as we desired in the coming 
two years. General Sherman and General Nelson were 
two of the few who fully estimated the magnitude of 
the great struggle then upon the country. It was said 
at the time that General Sherman was a little off be- 
cause of having stated that it would take an army of 
200.000 men to advance from Louisville to the South 
and break down the rebellion. 

On February 10. 1862, the Regiment moved to Camp 
Hart, four miles north of Green River, where they be- 
gan to come in sight of some real rebels, who had real 
guns, or "arms," to shoot with. But up to this time 
the measles had been our worst enemy, by which a 
number of good young men of the Regiment, among 
them James Millikan, a popular young man. son of John 
R. Millikan. were stricken down. The next move was 
the march to West Point, on the Ohio River below 
Louisville with the Division, in bad February weather. 
Here the Regiment embarked on the steamer Woodford 
and joined a fleet of eighteen transports, which trans- 
ported the Division down the Ohio and up the Cumber- 
land River to Nashville. These waters were very high, 
all the valleys along the same being inundated. Fre- 
quently the steamers would for a shorter route leave 
the main channel and pass over farms, and by houses 
with the first story filled with water and the family in 



96 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the upper, with their boats cabled to the building. The 
Woodford, in the advance, reached the landing at Nash- 
ville February 25, closely followed by the Diana, with 
the 6th Ohio, General Nelson and staff. The 36th Indi- 
ana and 6th Ohio were the first Federal troops that 
entered the city, driving out the few remaining rebel 
cavalry. General Nelson advanced to the State-house 
with the 6th Ohio and raised the stars and stripes 
thereon. The 36th Indiana advanced through the city 
by the court-house square and Main street, the rebel 
cavalry retiring before it at a respectful distance. The 
rebel flags that before that day had been flaunted pro- 
fusely throughout the State capital, blushed and retired, 
and have been modest to appear in public since. While 
the rebel element had it all its own way in Nashville, 
yet there were many good Union people there, and some 
of them still remain, with large numbers since added. 
When the Fourth Division was leaving Kentucky it was 
expected that it might be in time to assist our friends 
at Fort Donelson, on the Cumberland River below Nash- 
ville, but the forces under General Grant had finished 
that job before Nelson's Division reached there, and we 
only interested ourselves, as our fleet passed up the 
river, in viewing the ruins occasioned by the battle. 
The camp for the Division was selected out upon the 
Murfreesboro turnpike, near the city, and was named 
Camp Andrew Jackson, by General Nelson. 

Meanwhile, the remainder of Nelson's Division was 
disembarking, and Generals Buell and Mitchel had made 
their appearance across the country. The 6th Ohio was 
finally ordered to move about two miles out, on the 
Murfreesboro turnpike, where the Division was to estab- 
lish its camp. It arrived there just at dark, stacked 
arms, and was preparing for the night's bivouac, when 
the near and sudden crash of musketry, followed by a 



AT CAMP ANDREW JACKSON. 97 

deafening clatter of horses' hoofs, caused every man to 
rush for his rifle. Scarcely had the Regiments formed, 
amid some confusion that was inevitable in the darkness. 
before a body of horsemen swept by, which was recog- 
nized at once as the German Cavahy Company that had 
been sent forward to picket the turnpike. Captain 
Klein, their commander, was in hot pursuit, shouting 
the order to "halt," at the top of his voice, first in 
English and then in German, but without effect, unless 
to quicken their speed, if such a thing were possible. 
A party of rebel cavalry had fired into them from the 
ambush of some cedars in front of a farm-house, situ- 
ated about one-fourth of a mile in advance of the posi- 
tion occupied by the 6th Ohio. Entirely ignorant as to 
what force of the enemy might be near, as well as of 
the surrounding locality. Lieutenant Colonel Anderson 
immediately advanced a line of skirmishers, and made 
other dispositions to resist an attack ; but there was no 
further disturbance. 

During the stay of nearly three weeks at Camp An- 
drew Jackson the Fourth Division received important 
accessions, which, with other changes, made its organi- 
zation as follow T s : 

Tenth Brigade, Colonel Am men. composed of the 6th 
and 24th Ohio, and 36th Indiana. 

Nineteenth Brigade, Colonel Hazen, embracing the 41si 
Ohio. 6th Kentucky, and 9th Indiana. 

Twenty -second Brigade, comprising the 1st. I'd. and 
20th Kentucky, under command of Colonel Saunders D. 
Bruce, of the Regiment last named. 

Second Indiana Cavalry, then commanded by Lieuten- 
ant Colonel Edwin L. McCook. 

Battery D, 1st Regiment Ohio Artillery, Captain A. 
T. Konkle. and two Indiana batteries, under command of 
Captains Coxe and Harris. 



'98 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Of the newly-joined regiments, the 9th Indiana had 
come directly from West Virginia and was the suc- 
cessor, in the three years' organization, of Milroy's bold 
skirmishers at Laurel Hill; while the 1st and 2d Ken 
tucky, schooled to campaigning by a five months' experi- 
ence in the Kanawha Valley, and recent graduates from 
General Thomas J. Wood's Division, contained hundreds 
of Cincinnatians, who could share in many a reminis- 
cence of Sumter times, and had intimate friends among 
its members. 

The three Regiments, now associated in the Tenth 
Brigade, and which were soon to receive a common bap- 
tism in blood and fire, became warmly attached to each 
other, and until their last surviving members shall no 
longer bivouac on the banks of time the recollection of 
those bygone days will remain a bond of friendship, 
strong as a three-fold cord that cannot be broken. 

The Brigade commander, Colonel Jacob Ammen, was 
born in Virginia, January, 1808, of Swiss descent. He 
graduated from the United States Military Academy in 
1831, moved to Ohio when young and was not in the 
military service at the commencement of the late war. 
At the time he was appointed Colonel of the 24th Ohio 
he held the position of superintendent of public schools 
of Brown county, Ohio. He is yet living, a faithful and 
true patriot, but unfortunately has lost his eyesight. 
He is remembered favorably and kindly by the mem- 
bers of the Tenth Brigade. 

On the 12th of March the Fourth Division was or- 
dered out upon "a reconnoissance," in the lightest pos- 
sible marching order, as if for a rapid movement 
against the enemy. The expedition proved to be noth- 
ing of the kind, however ; it was simply a visit to the 
Hermitage, once the home and now the burial-place of 
Andrew Jackson, of whose birth this day was the ninety- 



ON THE MARCH THROUGH TENNESSEE. 99 

fifth anniversary. The Hermitage is situated near the 
Lebanon turnpike, twelve miles from Nashville, but is 
remarkable for nothing, save the associations which 
cling to its time-browned walls. General Nelson, who 
held the character of Jackson in great reverence, was 
in his best humor upon this excursion, always excepting 
such occasions as promised well for a fight. The day 
was a beautiful one of early spring, everything was ad- 
mirably managed, and the men reached camp at evening 
twilight, well pleased with the trip, though weary, for 
they had marched not less than twenty three miles. 

On Sunday, March 16th, the Fourth Division received 
orders to prepare for a march, with tents, camp equip- 
age and seven days' rations, in the direction of Frank- 
lin. It moved at 7 a. m., next day, in the following or- 
der : The Tenth Brigade in advance, which position it 
retained throughout the march ; the Twenty -second Bri- 
gade next, and the Nineteenth Brigade in the rear. 
Returning from Camp Andrew Jackson almost to Nash- 
ville, the troops struck across to the Franklin turnpike, 
and soon passed the deserted camping grounds of 
McCook. who, as Senior Division Commander, had 
claimed the advance and started early the day before. 
That night, after an easy march of thirteen miles, they 
bivouacked near the toll-gate, then kept by Mr. Belle w. 
twelve miles from Nashville. On the 18th the Fourth 
Division marched nineteen miles, through Franklin, 
halting for the night near Spring Hill. The command 
was now traversing the fertile and highly-cultivated 
cotton regions of Middle Tennessee, and gangs of -slaves 
were seen at work upon almost every plantation, or else 
clinging to the fences by the roadside, whence they 
watched the marching column with wondering eyes and 
unmistakable delight, as long as it remained in view. 

The rebel cavalry, which had been left to watch the 



100 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Army of the Ohio, was not in sufficient force to retard 
its progress, except by destroying the bridges along its 
line of march ; and even in this they had thus far been 
foiled by the rapid movements of the Union cavalry, 
pushed well forward in advance of the main column. 
But here General Nelson learned that McCook had been 
compelled to halt by the destruction of the bridges 
across Rutherford Creek and Duck River, which were 
respectively six and ten miles ahead. No serious de- 
tention had been caused at the former, but the Duck 
River bridge it would be impossible to replace for sev- 
eral days, and. as the river was greatly swollen by late 
rains, fording was out of the question. On the 19th 
McCook moved up almost in sight of Columbia, and im- 
mediately began the construction of another bridge, in 
which, however, he made slower headway than he had 
at first anticipated. The delay continued until the 27th 
of March, and on that day General Nelson, and per- 
haps General Buell also, learned for the first time that 
General Grant's army was on the west bank of the Ten- 
nessee River. General Nelson strongly exclaimed, "We 
must cross this river at once, or Grant will be whipped," 
and immediately applied to General Buell for permis- 
sion to pass the river in some way. Upon reviewing 
the situation, General Buell gave permission, and that 
evening at dress parade the troops of the Fourth Divi- 
sion were pleased to hear read the following order: 

Headquarters Fourth Division, ) 

Camp near Spring Hill, Tenn., V 
28th March, 1862. J 
(Circular.) 

Reveille will be sounded tomorrow at 4 o'clock a. m. 
At 6 a. m. , the Tenth Brigade will move with one day's ra- 
tions in haversacks, in the following order: First, the 24th 
Ohio Regiment; second, the 6th Ohio Regiment; third, the 
36th Indiana Regiment. The wagons will be carefully 



ARRIVAL AT SAVANNAH. TENNESSEE. 101 

loaded with reference to fording Duck River — tents and 
other articles not liable to injury 1'rom water at the bottom, 
and ammunition at the top. 

On reaching the ford, the men will strip off their panta- 
loons, secure their cartridge-boxes about their necks, and 
load knapsacks on the wagons; bayonets will be fixed, and 
the pantaloons, in a neat roll, will be carried on the point 
of the bayonet. A halt will be ordered on the other side 
of the ford, to allow the men to take off their drawers, 
wring them dry. and resume their clothing and knapsacks. 

Strong parties will be detailed to accompany the wagons, 
to assist them to cross the ford. The rear-guard to each 
Regiment will consist of one Company under charge of a 
field officer, whose particular province it will be to assist 
the passage of the train over the ford. The ammunition 
boxes of the artillery will be taken off the limbers and 
passed across the river on scows. 
By command of 

Brigadier General Nelson. 

J. Mills Kendrick, A. A. A. <;. 

At 6 o'clock on the next morning. March 29th, the 
Tenth Brigade moved to the river, and notwithstanding 
a bad ford the men crossed the river and the Division, 
except some artillery, was safely beyond before sunset 
and on the march toward Savannah, Nelson's division in 
front, over bad roads. The 36th Indiana, in front of the 
Tenth Brigade, arrived at Savannah April 5, at noon, 
and the whole division was near there by evening. 
Colonel Ammen, in a conversation with General Nelson 
and General Grant, said his troops were not fatigued 
and could march on to Pittsburg Landing if necessary. 
General Grant said in response, "You can not march 
through the swamps. Make your troops comfortable; 
I will send boats for you." General Nelson was like 
Rachel, he would not be comforted. He used strong 
language, insisting that Sidney Johnson was a wise 
commander and would endeavor to attack Grant's army 
before Buell's arrived. But all quieted down. We had 



102 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

a pleasant afternoon, enjoyed a nice dress-parade and a 
comfortable night's rest. The next morning, a beautiful 
Sabbath morning, while eating our best for breakfast 
and rubbing up to make everything lovely for the day, 
there came from the direction of Pittsburg Landing the 
pop, clatter and roar of arms. Soon the artillery began 
to thunder, louder and nearer rolling, until all were 
convinced that General Nelson had correctly foreseen 
what would come to pass. Mounted on his big horse, 
he rode through the camps admonishing the regiments 
and officers to be ready to move at any moment, an- 
nouncing that Johnson had attacked Grant and would 
whip him if the Fourth Division or some sufficient part 
of Buell's army failed to reach him in time. A little 
before 1 o'clock the orders came for the Tenth Brigade 
to march the eight miles to Pittsburg Landing. In ten 
minutes the 36th Indiana was in motion on the route in 
front. Lieutenant Colonel Carey in charge of the ad- 
vance guard. General Nelson rode by the side of the 
Colonel at the head of the column, followed closely by 
the 6th and 24th Ohio. The guide, a large, fine-looking 
Tennesseean, rode with Colonel Carey, but frequently 
dropped back to talk with General Nelson, Colonels 
Ammen and Grose. There was no swamp on the route 
and never had been. The first half of the way was 
undulating, rolling ground, easy for travel. We de- 
scended to the bottom lands along and approaching the 
river recently overflowed. Here the ground was wet 
and soft, but infantry and cavalry passed over it at 
good speed. We made the eight miles to the river 
opposite the raging battle in about three and a half 
hours. The northeast bank of the river was low. the 
opposite side higher, with a rugged ascent of two hun- 
dred feet, but men and horses ascended quite easily. 
The river was full of boats, steam up ; these and the 



ARRIVAL AT PITTSBURG LANDING. 103 

space between the river and the top of the hill, for 
half a mile or more in length along the river, were 
crowded with men in uniforms, 10,000 to 15,000, trying 
to keep out of danger. General Nelson went over on 
the boat with Colonel Carey and the advance guard, 
Colonel Grose soon followed with the remainder of the 
36th and joined the advance at the river. The skulkers 
and crowd proclaimed their regiments cut to pieces and 
that we would meet the same fate. Such looks of ter- 
ror, such confusion is beyond description. One Lieu- 
tenant of the 36th advised some of the shoulder-strap 
fellows who were trying to avoid danger to jump into 
the river and drown themselves and get out of misery. 
General Nelson told them they ought to be punished 
and ordered them to clear the way for soldiers to gel 
up the hill; but they responded, "You will see." '"You 
will come back, or be killed.'* "It's murder." Notwith- 
standing these surroundings, calculated to discourage 
the bravest of the brave, the 36th Indiana obeyed every 
order promptly. It moved up through the throng to 
the summit of the hill, to the left and near the noted 
double log house. The Regiment was formed front to 
the southwest. Grant. Buell and Nelson were all there 
between the Regiment and the house, standing in a 
group. About this time. 4 o'clock. King, of Company 
G. of Union county, had both legs torn off, and a scout. 
or some attache of General ('rant's command, had his 
head torn oft' and fell from his horse dead, close in 
front of the Regiment, These death scenes caused the 
men in the line near thereto to curve by a step or two 
back, but upon hearing the Colonel call out. '• Straighten 
up that line." it was as promptly done as though the 
Regimenl had been on drill or dress parade. When the 
Regiment was aligned. General Buell stepped to the 
Colonel and asked if he was ready. The response being 



104 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

in the affirmative, the General then said, "Do you see 
that Battery (Captain Stone's) forward of the Regiment 
about one hundred and fifty yards upon an eminence, 
firing and falling back by alternate sections V" ••Yes." 
•'Please move forward and sustain it if you can." said 
the General. The order was "Load"; then "Left ob- 
lique, march." This was the first time in battle for the 
36th. As the Regiment ascended to the left of the Bat- 
tery, then a little » behind the summit, the enemy was 
advancing up on the other side in two lines. It was 
intended by the Colonel, at the proper time, as he could 
see, to give the command, "Fire at will, fire": but as 
soon as the opposing forces began to see each other 
they began the firing without command. After three or 
four rounds the enemy fell back, re-formed and came 
again. The 36th, in the interval, had time to prepare 
and be ready. As the enemy advanced the word went 
along the line. "Boys, fire low." As soon as the enemy 
Was in sight the firing again commenced and after a 
few well-directed volleys the enemy again fell back. 
It was then dusk and firing ceased generally for the 
night. As the Regiment advanced near to the battery 
the Captain told the Colonel he was out of ammunition 
and would retire, which he did in a short time. Our 
heavy guns in position some three or four hundred 
yards to the right of the position of the 30th. did the 
Regiment great good and no doubt did much to lessen 
and lighten the attack by an oblique fire across the 
front in the immediate location whence came the enemy. 
During this contest about fifteen or twenty Iowa men 
of Grant's Army, under command of an officer, came to 
the Colonel and asked to take part in the contest. 
They were directed to the left of the Regiment, took 
position there, advanced with and did a good part in 
the fight. Colonel Belknap afterward wrote the Col- 



THE BATTLE OF SHILOH. 105 

one] of the 36th Indiana, that it was he and his men 
who helped do that fighting. It is proper to say. on 
behalf of Colonel Ammen. concerning- this fight, what 
he says himself, as follows: "General Nelson ordered 
me to remain and see my Brigade over and give orders 
to the commanders of the other Brigades to bring their 
Brigades after the Tenth. I instructed Colonel Grose 
to be certain to keep guides at the river to conduct all 
our commands to the same point on their arrival by 
boats.'* It is truthful and right to say here that no 
pari of BuelVs Army except the 36th took any part what- 
ever in that Sunday evening fight at the Landing. Upon 
the arrival of the 36th Indiana on the hill by the log 
house there were no troops. Infantry or Cavalry, in po- 
sition, nor any other Union forces in sight to the right 
or left, except Stone's Battery and the heavy guns, 
three or four hundred yards to the right. 

As we were advancing our pickets after this fight, in 
the dark of the night, we found a wounded Confederate 
and inquired of him what troops we had been fighting 
that evening. He named three Mississippi Regiments, 
to one of which he belonged, of Chalmers' Brigade, as 
the force that advanced upon us that evening. General 
James R. Chalmers, in his official report of the battle 
and the part taken by his Brigade on that Sunday 
evening, says: "It was then about 4 o'clock in the 
evening, and after distributing ammunition we received 
orders from General Bragg to drive the enemy into the 
river. My Brigade, together with that of Brigadier 
General Jackson, filed to the right and formed facing 
the river and endeavored to press forward to the water's 
i>i\ge % but in attempting to mount the last ridge we were 
met by a fire from a whole line of Batteries protected 
by Infantry and assisted by shells from the gunboats. 
Our men struggled vainly to ascend the hilt, which was very 



106 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

steep, making charge after charge without success, but con 
tinued to fight until night closed hostilities on both sides." 

This statement is true no doubt, except, the gunboats 
were not firing at that time, and if they had been, 
would have been more likely to have done injury to 
friend than foe. There was more bosh than anything 
else about the gunboat firing at this battle. It was 
simply done to scare the Johnnies and was not known 
to otherwise hurt anyone. 

The following is the official report of Colonel Grose 
of the battle : 

Headquarters 36th Reg't Ind. Vols.. ] 

Near Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., r 

April 8. 1862. I 
Colonel Jacob Ammen, 

Acting Brig. Gen. Tenth Brie/.. Fourth Div.: 
Sir: In discharge of my duty. I make the following 
report of the part the 36th Ind. Vols, took in the general 
engagement at this place on the evening of the 6th and 
day of the 7th inst. On our march from Savannah on the 
6th, my Regiment had the advance of the column and I 
sent four Companies forward as an advance guard under 
command of Lieutenant Colonel Carey, leaving four under 
my command at the head of the column (two Companies 
having been left behind on other duty). On reaching the 
river with the four Companies at the head of the column, 
they were immediately ferriei over to join those under 
Colonel Carey that had passed over before my arrival. 
On arriving on the south side of the river, under circum- 
stances that looked discouraging to new troops, my Regi- 
ment was formed about four hundred strong (the eight 
Companies) amid great commotion and excitement. While 
forming the Regiment one of my men was killed by a ball 
of the enemy. As soon as formed I was ordered to ad- 
vance and support Captain Stone's Battery, about one 
hundred and fifty yards distant from my place of forming, 
which was done in tolerable order ; and as soon as the Reg- 
iment was in place the firing commenced and continued 



COLONEL GROSE'S OFFICIAL REPORT. 107 

until near dusk. I there lost another man killed and one 
wounded. During the fore part of the night, with the 
Brigade, we took an advanced position of about two hun- 
dred yards, and took our position on the left of the Bri- 
gade and extreme left of the line of battle, which seemed 
to have been formed during the night, and lay on our 
arms until 5:30 the next morning, when we were ordered 
and moved forward with the Brigade in line of battle, with 
two Companies thrown forward and to the left as skir- 
mishers. We advanced forward to the left of the Corinth 
road about one-half mile, when our skirmishers engaged 
the enemy, we advancing steadily and the enemy falling 
back for a distance of about one mile from where we lay 
in the morning, when the engagement became general, in 
strong force on both sides. Seeing the enemy making 
continuous efforts to turn our left. I threw out by your or- 
der a third Company as skirmishers, which, with the as- 
sistance of the skirmishers from the 24th Ohio on my 
right, succeeded in saving our left from being turned. 
We slowly advanced, our skirmishers maintaining their 
positions, driving the enemy's Cavalry. Infantry and Ar- 
tillery before them, over the same ground fought over the 
previous day. About 11 o'clock my remaining live Com 
panics not on skirmish to our left, were ordered forward 
in conjunction with the 24th Ohio and part of the 15th 
Illinois, at this time on my left, into the general tight and 
engaged the enemy in strong force, they with a heavy 
Battery, Cavalry and Infantry in our front. My Regi- 
ment advanced to a fence mostly thrown down, where a 
desperate contest ensued, during which my Regiment 
(five Companies) advanced about seventy-five yards to a 
second fence mostly down, my right resting on some old 
buildings. While in this position my ammunition gave 
out, mosl of my men having fired forty to fifty rounds. I 
then ordered them to fall back behind the firsl fence to 
procure a new supply of ammunition, which was obtained, 
and we then again advanced to the position we left, and 
further. The enemy at this time occupied an eminence 
about four hundred yards distant, in the woods and an old 
Union camp ground, when we received orders to charge 
bayonets upon them, which was commenced in quick time. 



108 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

As my Regiment reached the summit of the eminence the 
enemy was far out of our reach, moving off with their Bat- 
tery and Infantry in front, their Cavalry taking the Cor- 
inth road to the left, all in double quick time. We now 
occupy the ground from which we drove the enemy, over 
which we found many of their dead. The main struggle 
at the fences, as above stated, before we received orders 
to charge, lasted for two hours, from 11 to 1 o'clock. My 
officers and men behaved well, stood the fire with great 
bravery, and even to daring - , without flinching. I know 
not how, in truth, {o compliment any one of my command 
over the rest, as I was well satisfied with all. 

The casualties of my Regiment during the engagement, 
including the first evening, were eight killed, one missing 
and about fifty wounded, six of whom probably mortally; 
a complete list of which will be forwarded as soon as it 
can be obtained. Among my killed is Lieutenant A. M. 
Davis, of Company H. who commanded Company E in the 
engagement. He fell by my side bravely discharging his 
whole duty. During most of the engagement I was on 
foot, my horse having been shot at an early part of the 
main fight. 

I have the honor to be 

Your obedient servant, 

W. Grose. 
Col. 36th Reg't Ind. Vols. 

Following is a copy of a private letter written by 
Colonel Grose on the day after Monday's battle : 

Battle-field, ] 

Near Pittsburg Landing, Te,nn., \- 

April 12, 1862. J 
My Bear — 

I will continue this as a part of yesterday's letter. 
We moved forward at 5:80 a. m. , south, passing a dee]) 
ravine in front. As we ascended the next hill our skirmish- 
ers, under Captain Woodward, came in contact with the 
enemy and commenced firing. The enemy fell back nearly 
one mile, where our Brigade halted, except the skirmish- 
ers, who still continued to fight with the skirmishers of 



ANOTHER ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE. 10? 

the enemy, about four hundred yards in our front and to 
our left. We then had three companies forward skirmish- 
ing 1 . Skirmishing is done by each man taking a tree, or 
any obstacle he chooses, to save himself, and shooting the 
enemy as best he can. keeping in front of the main body 
the distance he may be directed, three to four hundred 
yards. When we came to this point we halted to avoid the 
result of a heavy firing going on off to our right, and here 
it was that Lieutenant Chambers received his wound on 
the side of the head, a rod to my right. He fell and was 
carried back, but is in no danger now. About the same 
time young Reece was struck by a cannister across the 
breast, immediately under the nose of my horse, and fell 
dead. Our line was then faced to the west (three Regi- 
ments). Soon orders came to change our front to the 
south, to move up toward where our skirmishers were en- 
gaged with a heavy force of Infantry, Cavalry and a 
heavy Battery. We changed front. Captain TerrelFs fine 
Battery was directed to assist us. The 24th Ohio and part 
of the 15th Illinois then came into line with us on our left. 
I gave the command, -'Forward.** The woods here w T ere 
open, but we soon came out to some small fields, and my 
Regiment advanced from fence to fence, all down, however. 
At a third down fence, after we had crossed a small ravine, 
the Ohio Regiment lagging behind and the Illinois Regi- 
ment getting scattered and small, was where we had the 
deadly contest. Lieutenant Davis fell here by my left 
shoulder; he never spoke. Here is where my brave boys. 
Driver, Hunt, Houser and Robinson fell, the latter near 
me, the other three some distance to my left in the line. 
My horse was shot as we were advancing to this fence, after 
which I dismounted and took it on foot. In advance of this 
fence about fifty yards were two or three little old build- 
ings, to the right and front of the right of my Regiment, 
and I saw the rebels pressing down, evidently with a view- 
to gain those buildings. An Ohio Company somehow had 
then got to my right, and a fat Captain with them lay be- 
hind a bank with a down fence upon it. I asked him why 
he was not firing. He replied thai his muskets would not 
reach the enemy, which was not true. I then told him to 
advance to the old buildings, which he silently refused to 



110 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

do. I then saw that we must gain those buildings, and 
said to First Lieutenant Freeman, who commanded Com- 
pany A, my Regiment, to command his Company and fol- 
low me to the buildings. God bless his brave soul ! he did 
it in double quick. We thus came within two hundred 
yards of the enemy, and here took place the most glorious 
scene, to me, that I saw during the day. To see Lieutenant 
Freeman's men drop the rebels faster than I could count 
them for about fifteen or twenty minutes ; this, with the 
steady firing on our side to my left and rear of the remain- 
der of my Regiment and part of the 24th Ohio. The enemy 
Was thrown into confusion and began to fall back. At this 
time we received orders to charge up the eminence upon 
Which they were situated, which my Regiment did in good 
order and in quick time, and when we arrived upon the 
summit all there was for us to see was dead rebels on the 
ground and traitors' heels turned up to us far in the dis- 
tance. Here ended our part in the greatest battle ever 
fought on this continent. While this desperate struggle 
was going on. Company C, under Captain Woodward and 
Lieutenant Holland ; Company B, under Lieutenant Shultz ; 
Company G, under Lieutenants King and McClung, with a 
few men from Company A under Sergeant Carr, as skir- 
mishers, were giving the right flank of the enemy Hail Co- 
lumbia in good order, and contributed largely to our suc- 
cess. 

I feel proud of my officers and men who engaged with me 
in this battle, and shall leave it for them to say whether I 
said ••Come," or ''Go, boys." 

We have heavy forces out today to see, if possible, where 
the traitors are in front of us. Unless they run. we will 
have another contest of imminent proportions. We are 
40,000 stronger now than at the end of the battle on Mon- 
day evening. I will give you in my next some of the scenes 
and hardships of this contest. New Castle boys here gen- 
erally well. W. Grose. 

Number of killed, wounded and missing in the battle 
of Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, 1.S62, in the 36th Indiana: 
Officers killed. 1 ; men killed, 8 ; officers wounded, 1 ; 
men wounded, 35 ; total, 45. 



KILLED, WOUNDED AND MISSING. Ill 

Field returns of the several Divisions of the Army of 
the Tennessee, General U. S. Grant commanding, April 
4th and 5th, 1862: Six Divisions; total present, officers, 
1,987; men. 42,908; aggregate, 44,895; artillery pieces. 
42 ; Division Staff not included. 

On the morning of the 6th of April Grant's forces 
present for duty must have been less than 40.000, and 
the casualties of that clay would reduce it at least 10.000 
more. But the increase from Buell's Army, by Nelson's. 
Wallace's and Crittenden's Divisions, that arrived during 
the night of the 6th and were in position on the morn- 
ing of the 7th. would make the effectual strength of the 
Federal force on the morning of the 7th about as it was 
on the morning of the 6th, 38.000 to 40.000. 

General Beauregard officially reported that the Con- 
federates went into the battle with an effective force of 
40.335. The casualties of the battle reported by the 
Confederates on their side were 1.723 killed. 8,012 
wounded, 959 missing, total, 10.694. The Federal re- 
ports show their casualties of the battle at 1,754 killed. 
8,408 wounded, 2.885 captured or missing, total, 13.047. 
This great battle was mostly in a woodland, no breast- 
works nor barricades on either side, but a fair open 
field fight and deadly at every point all the time. But 
few such battles were ever fought and so equally bal- 
anced. The Confederates were seeking it and knew it 
was coming and were ready and prepared. The Fed- 
erals did not know nor did not believe that there was 
to be a battle then, nor until it was upon them and 
they were forced into it, Hence the great advantage 
lo the Confederates and the corresponding disadvan- 
tage to the Federals in the beginning of the mighty 
contest, The endeavor has been to obtain the numbers 
engaged and loss on each side from the official reports 
of the proper officers as now published. The total 



112 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

killed in this battle, as shown, was 3,477. It can safely 
be said that all of this number, not removed from the 
field by friends who could have the chance to do so, 
were decently buried, for a war burial ; and suppose 
that 477 bodies were shipped away by and to friends, 
it would leave 3,000 soldiers buried at Shiloh. The 
writer of these lines was in command of a burying de- 
tail and all bodies, found on the ground assigned were 
well buried, friend and foe alike. Missions of Mercy 
came in great numbers from far and near to care for 
the wounded and disabled, and none excelled our good 
friends of Indiana, with her Governor holding out his 
kind right hand, his voice saying. '-Take care of the 
soldier." 



CHAPTER IV. 

MOVEMENTS TOWARD CORINTH AND CAPTURE THEREOF 

- PURSUIT OF THE ENEMY — ABANDONMENT OF PUR- 
SUIT — MARCH TO IUKA. TUSCUMBIA, FLORENCE. ATH- 
ENS. AND RETURN TO NASHVILLE — MURFREESBORO 

- ADVANCE TO M'MINNVILLE — FIGHT WITH FORREST 

- BACK TO NASHVILLE AND LOUISVILLE. 

On the 12th of April General Halleck reached Pitts- 
burg Landing from St. Louis, and as Commander of 
the combined Armies of the Ohio and Tennessee as- 
sumed command, the former Commanders of each re- 
maining on duty under him. 

On the 30th of April General Halleck issued a field 
order placing General Thomas in command of the right 
wing, consisting of that officer's own Division (trans- 
ferred for the occasion to the Army of the Tennessee, 
and commanded by T. W. Sherman) and the Divisions of 
W. T. Sherman. Hurlbut and Davis. General Grant 
was "retained in general command of the district of 
West Tennessee," including his old Army Corps; but in 
the movement then making, was announced as second 
in command under General Halleck — a stroke of finesse 
on the part of the latter, virtually superseding a subor- 
dinate whose rising fame had previously excited his 
jealousy, but whom, although at this time under a 
heavy cloud, he dared not actually displace. General 
Buell remained in command of the center, and General 
Pope of the left. When the lines had fairly developed, 
and, with painful labor, began their slow approach to 
Corinth. Nelson found himself on the left of McCook. 
with Crittenden filling: the interval between himself and 



114 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Pope. By this time the Fourth Division had been 
strengthened by the 31st Indiana and 17th Kentucky, 
both of which Regiments had fought at Donelson under 
Lewis Wallace, and again at Shiloh in Hurlbut's Divi- 
sion, losing many men in each battle. The 17th Ken- 
tucky. Colonel John H. McHenry commanding, was as- 
signed to the Tenth Brigade. The latter still held the 
left, of Nelson's Division. 

On May 1st Colonel Grose became the commander of 
the Tenth Brigade on leaving the field of Shiloh. and 
so remained until May 30th, when he was specially de- 
tailed to the command of the Nineteenth Brigade of the 
same Division, when preparing for the assault on Cor- 
inth, and the two Brigades moved together upon the 
works of the enemy and entered the town with very 
small loss. Colonel Grose returned to the command of 
the Tenth Brigade July 17th. and continued to com- 
mand the same during its existence. 

On May 2d, at 6 a. m.. Nelson's Division moved by the 
••Bark Road" toward Corinth, passing the camps of 
Wood and Thomas about three miles out. One mile be- 
yond them it took a new road on the left, corduroyed 
through a dense swamp, and at 2 p. m. went into bivouac 
on the Hamburg road, within ten miles of Corinth, and 
about the same distance from its last camping ground 
at Shiloh. Prom this on we moved by regular ap- 
proaches, as it was called by regular army officers, by 
much fatigue labor, building roads, works of defense, 
and skirmishing with the enemy, until the 29th, when, 
after the Tenth Brigade had enjoyed a comfortable 
night's rest, it was aroused at early dawn and moved to 
the front to relieve the Nineteenth Brigade, taking po- 
sition on the left of the Twenty-second Brigade, with 
its left resting upon the Corinth road. Mendenhall's 
Battery was so posted as to cover the road and the ap- 



GOVERNOR MORTON IN CAMP 115 

proaches in our front. The work of making rifle-pits 
was hurried on until there was a continuous line of 
them extending along the front of our two Brigades, 
on the summit of a gentle slope, the western side of 
which, toward Corinth, was mostly open and cultivated. 
The enemy was in position beyond this western slope 
and a low marsh, in an elevated, sparse woodland, at a 
distance of about six hundred yards, with their Artillery 
well covered. Here, at intervals during the day. we 
carried on Artillery duels, until the enemy ceased tiring. 
in the afternoon. The tiring on both sides was heavy. 
It was here that Governor Morton came to us and spent 
several hours. The immediate commanding officer said 
to the Governor: "Too much danger for a Governor 
here." The response was. "Not more for me than for 
you.*' He did not seem to consider that the officer was 
there from duty and necessity, and the Governor from 
an anxiety to give his influence and encouragement to 
the success of the cause of his Government. It was 
only after considerable persuasion that the Governor 
was induced to take a safe and more retired position. 

Following is the report of Lieutenant Colonel Oliver 
H. P. Carey. 36th Indiana Infantry, of operations from 
May 2d to June 14th : 

Headquarters 36th Indiana Volunteers. I 
Iuka. Miss.. June 14. 1862. \ 
Dear Sir: In compliance with your order, I submit the 
following report of the operations of this Regiment from 
the time of its leaving Pittsburg Landing to the presenl 
date. On the morning of May 2d, the command of the 
Regiment was turned over to me. Colonel Grose having 
taken command of the Tenth Brigade in place of Colonel 
Ammen. who was absent on leave. On the same morning 
the Regiment was ordered to march with the Brigade 
toward Corinth. For several days thereafter the Regi- 
ment was engaged in fatigue duty, building roads. 



116 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

bridges, etc. On the morning of May 7th we marched in 
the direction of Corinth, and encamped about five miles 
from the enemy's lines. For several days we were en- 
gaged in grand guard duty, when on the evening of May 
10th we moved across Seven Mile Creek and encamped a 
few miles from Corinth. Prom that date to May 29th the 
Regiment was engaged constantly in constructing en- 
trenchments, picket duty, skirmishing with the enemy, 
and guarding trenches. On May 21st. while skirmishing 
with the enemy immediately in front of our entrench- 
ments. Private Michael Donner, of Company I, was 
severely wounded in the thigh by a musket bail from the 
enemy's pickets. On the morning of the 29th the Regi- 
ment was ordered, with the Brigade, which was then com- 
manded by General Ammen. to move forward toward the 
enemy's works. We took up a position in easy range of 
the rebel fortifications, and under cover of a heavy forest 
and a strong picket force, commenced the construction of 
rifle-pits and trenches. The Brigade threw forward a 
picket guard of six companies, consisting of two com- 
panies from the 24th Ohio, two from the 6th Ohio and two 
from the 36th Indiana, under command of Major Bennett, 
of the 36th. Early on the morning of May 30th, these 
skirmishers were ordered forward to the rebel works, 
which they found abandoned. These Companies were 
then deployed as skirmishers and moved through the 
rebel works, over the town, and formed into line beyond 
the Memphis & Charleston railroad, on the south side of 
Corinth, and were there at least one hour before any 
forces entered the towm. The Division of General Nelson, 
with the Tenth Brigade in advance, w T ere the first Federal 
forces to enter after these skirmishers. The Regiment, 
with the Brigade, moved back to camp in the evening, 
where it remained, doing only guard duty until the morn- 
ing of June 4th, when it was ordered on a forced march to 
re-enforce Generals Pope and Rosecrans. in the direction 
of Baldwin, Miss. , on the Mobile & Ohio railroad. 

After a fatiguing march, consequent upon the extreme 
heat of the weather, dusty roads, and scarcity of water, 
we arrived at the lines of General Pope, at Blackland, 
where we bivouacked until the evening of June 9th, when 



FROM SHILOH TO CORINTH. 117 

we moved toward Iuka, by way of Jacinto, and where we 
arrived, after a very severe march, on the 1 1th. and have 
since been bivouacked. During al] this time the R sgimenl 
has been in fine order and ready at all times to promptly 
obey every order. Respectfully. 

O. H. P. Carey. 
Lieutenant Colonel commanding. 
T" General commanding Tenth Brigade. 

Following is the report of Colonel William Grose, 
commanding the Nineteenth Brigade : 

Headquarters Nineteenth Brigade. j 

Army of the Ohio. 
Near Iuka. Miss.. June 1<>. 1862. \ 
Sir: In compliance with orders I make the following 
brief report of the operations of this Brigade, composed of 
the 27th Kentucky, Colonel Charles D. Pennebaker; 6th 
Kentucky. Colonel Whittaker ; 9th Indiana. Lieutenant 
Colonel Blake, and 41st Ohio. Lieutenant Colonel Mygatt, 
from the time of leaving the field of Shiloh to the evacua- 
tion of Corinth and the determination of the pursuit of the 
enemy. As is shown by the reports of the respective Reg- 
imental commanders, herewith forwarded, the Brigade took 
up its line of march with the Division from the battlefield 
of Shiloh. on the 2d day of May. 1862, in the direction so 
as to approach Corinth from the northeast by short marches 
and approaches, assisting on the way in pickel and skir- 
mish duties, erection of entrenchments and fortifications. 
On the 28th of May. then entrenched about two miles to the 
northeast of the enemy's works at Corinth, the Brigade 
marched out to support the Twenty-second Brigade in a 
reconnoissance in force before Corinth. The enemy on this 
occasion were driven behind the creek in trout of Corinth, 
and to within three-quarters of a mile of their entrench- 
ments and guns, which advanced position was maintained 
by our forces. On the morning of the 30th of May I was 
placed in command of this Brigade, and on that morning, 
preceded by the Tenth Brigade, marched in order of battle 
in force, driving the enemy's pickets before us. and occu- 
pied Corinth, in line of battle to the left of the Tenth Bri- 



118 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

^ade, near the center of the village, inside the enemy's 
trenches and works, between 7 and 8 o'clock a. m.. the rear 
guard of the enemy leaving the farther side of the position 
as we approached, the Tenth and Nineteenth Brigades pre- 
ceded by the skirmishers under the command of Major 
Bennett, of the 36th Indiana. Nothing particular, except 
picket duty, occurred in which the Brigade took part until 
the 4th of June, when we left camp in pursuit of the enemy, 
with the Division, on the Baldwin road south, and advanced 
in the three following days about twenty miles, to a point 
four miles northwest of Boone vi lie. At this point, not 
coming up with the enemy, our pursuit terminated. 

In all movements and preparations for battle the officers 
and men of the Brigade under my a mmand have evinced 
promptness and patriotism worthy of the great cause in 
which they are engaged, of maintaining the good old gov- 
ernment that has served us so long and so well. 

For particulars more in detail I may respectfully refer 
to the reports of the Regimental commanders. 

I have the honor to be your most obedient servant. 

William Grose. 
Colonel commanding Nineteenth Brigade. 
To Captain ,J. M. Kendrick, A. A. G. 

On June loth the Tenth Brigade was commanded by 
General Ammen. who had lately been promoted, the 
Nineteenth by Colonel Grose, the Twenty-second by 
General Manson. The 23d Kentucky. Colonel Mundy 
in command, had now taken the place in the Tenth 
Brigade of the 17th Kentucky, which made the Tenth 
Brigade consist of the 36th Indiana. Lieutenant Colonel 
Carey ; oth Ohio. Lieutenant Colonel Anderson ; 24th 
Ohio, Colonel Jones ; 23d Kentucky. Colonel Mundy. 
which remained substantially together in the Brigade 
during the remainder of their service, with other Regi- 
ments afterward added. June 17th the Fourth Division 
marched from Iuka. 

During the day the sick in the ambulances suffered 
terribly from the intense heat and the dust ; and, for 



ON THE MARCH FROM IUKA. Mil 

that matter, so did all the troops. After fording Big 

Bear Creek, and when within a mile and a half of Buz- 
zard's Roost, or about four miles within the State of 
Alabama, the Brigade was overtaken by Captain Ken- 
drick, with orders from General Nelson to return in- 
stantly toward Iuka. which was threatened by a heavy 
body of rebel cavalry. It recrossed Bear Creek, and. 
after an exhausting day's march of fifteen miles, halted 
for the night an hour after dark, on the hill, one mile 
west of that stream. Hundreds of stragglers slept on 
the banks of the creek or by the side of the road 
thither. 

The Tenth Brigade remained in bivouac, in nearly 
the same position as that just noted, for three entire 
days. During this time it was paid off by Major Foote 
for the two months ending April 30th. After this 
delay we again marched east to Tuscumbia, at the Big 
Mountain Spring, or rather at the stream of water flow- 
ing from the mountain, where the Tenth Brigade re- 
mained for a few days, and on the 25th crossed the 
Tennessee River to the north at Jackson's Landing (so 
called from the fact that General Jackson here crossed 
his army in the war of 1812), and was ferried across 
the Tennessee by the Lady Jackson, a little stern- 
wheel steamer towing two barges. A circuitous march 
of three more miles through Florence, brought it to a 
pleasant camping place in a lliin belt of woods bor- 
dering the Tennessee River, about a mile above the 
town. 

On .June 26th, at :: o'clock a. m.. the march was re- 
sumed on the turnpike toward Athens and Huntsville. 
Seven miles brought the Brigade to Shoal River, where 
it bivouacked. 

<)n the morning of the 27th the Brigade moved for- 
ward and at ( .i a. m. the column came up wiih the rear 



120 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

of Crittenden's Division, just moving out of his last 
night's camping place on Blue Water Creek, and there 
halted several hours to allow his trains to get ahead. 
The Brigade bivouacked at night-fall in a wood two 
miles west of Rogersville, after a total march of sixteen 
miles. 

On June 28th, passing through Rogersville at sun- 
rise, the column soon afterward overtook Crittenden's 
slow-moving train* agam, anl a drove of beef-cattle 
destined for the use of the troops at Huntsville. To- 
ward noon it forded Elk River, and early went into 
bivouac in an op an m3a:l:>w, after marching only eight 
miles. 

On June 29th, Sunday, the Tenth Brigade marched 
fifteen miles, through Athens, and at 1 p. m. encamped 
in a low piece of woods one mile east of the town. 
The troops complained greatly on account of having 
to march in the heat of the day. 

The Fourth Division remained in camp near Athens 
for two weeks, protecting one of the two lines of rail- 
road toward Nashville, which General Buell was labor- 
iously engaged in reopening, not merely as a necessary 
preliminary to his movement upon Chattanooga, but 
also as the only means left him of subsisting his army. 
The Tennessee River was no longer available for the 
latter purpose, while the great superiority of the rebels 
in Cavalry enabled them to cut his railroad communica- 
tions with Corinth almost at pleasure, and keep them 
constantly broken. While at Athens the troops re- 
ceived the outfit of clothing and rest much needed, and 
the entire Division celebrated the Fourth of July by a 
grand review at the county fair grounds a short dis- 
tance west of Athens. A diary says : ' ' We started 
from camp in line array and display, the Tenth Bri- 
gade in advance, for the fair grounds, but the dust was 

G 



AT ELK RIVER TUNNEL. 121 

awful and a disappointment to those who had come out 
in the splendor of white collars and fancy cravats, as 
many had done, and the shining brasses of all of 
them ; they would have been as bright had they been 
Left untouched. But when upon the grounds all passed 
off well and to the delight of the many contrabands 
present. The poor class of citizens only were present, 
and when marching through the town the Union sol- 
dier was scowled at from almost every house." On the 
9th of July the Brigade, for sanitary reasons, changed 
camp to a thin piece of woodland with dense under- 
brush, about two miles from Athens, near by a lovely 
spring with an excellent supply of good water. Next 
day the 36th Indiana. 6th and 24th Ohio received orders 
to march to Elk River tunnel, about twenty miles north 
of Athens, to clear a road through the tunnel for the 
passage of wagon trains, and ultimately to repair the 
railroad track, all under the command of Lieutenant 
Colonel Anderson. The detail marched seven miles 
that day and bivouacked for the night in a storm. The 
march was continued next morning at 4 a. m. and they 
reached the tunnel at 9 p. m. During the next day 
(the 12th) the tunnel and approaches were cleared, and 
on Sunday ( the 13th ) the expedition set out on its re- 
turn ; recrossed Elk River and halted for the night 
eight miles north of Athens. See forward for further 
movements. 

General Forrest's Brigade of rebel Cavalry, on Sun- 
day. July 13th, surprised Murfreesboro and captured 
the entire garrison, amounting to about one thousand 
men, under the command of Brigadier General T. T. 
Crittenden, originally the Colonel of the 6th Indiana In- 
fantry. This sudden and unexpected blow the "whole 
Army regarded as peculiarly humiliating. Moreover, it 
severed the only line of railroad communication which 



122 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

General Buell had yet succeeded in re-opening with his 
base at Nashville, and jeopardized the safety of that 
post itself. To counteract this alarming change in the 
condition of affairs. General Nelson was ordered to 
march to Reynolds' Station, forty-three miles from 
Athens — which was as far south as the Tennessee & 
Central Alabama railroad had then been put in running 
order — and there take cars for Nashville, whence he 
was to move upon Murfreesboro and re-open communi- 
cation as speedily as possible. The Tenth Brigade had 
just received a greatly-needed supply of clothing, which 
was only partially distributed, but. as the emergency 
did not admit of a moment's unnecessary delay. Nelson 
placed himself at the head of that favorite command, 
ordering his other Brigades to follow, and at 8 a. m. 
on July 14th began a forced march northward. Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Anderson's expedition, just returning 
from Elk River tunnel, fell in with the column at 
Athens, after a rapid march that morning of about 
eight miles, and without waiting to rest or draw ra- 
tions, pushed on with the remainder of the Brigade. 
The men suffered intensely from the heat and several 
cases of sunstroke occurred, but it was nearly 9 p. m. 
before General Nelson halted for the night at a magnifi- 
cent spring on the Tennessee State line, fifteen miles 
from Athens. The troops slept by the roadside without 
going into regular bivouac, and resuming the march 
at half past 2 o'clock on the 15th, marched four miles 
and forded Elk River before sunrise, then snatched* a 
hurried breakfast on the outskirts of the village of 
Elkton and again pushed forward. At the end of fif- 
teen miles further the head of the column reached Pu- 
laski, where it went into bivouac on the banks of Rich- 
land Creek, and ambulances and wagons were sent back 
six miles toward Elkton to bring in the sick and feeble. 



LX ROUTE TO NASH VII.LK. L23 

At Pulaski the 17th Kentucky was replaced in the 
Tenth Brigade by the 23d Kentucky, Colonel Mark 
Mundy commanding. 

July L6th a comfortable inarch of eighl miles broughl 
the troops to Reynolds' Station. By < s a. m. a long 
train of ears w;is in waiting, upon which they immedi- 
ately began embarking 1 , leaving- wagon trains and nearly 
all the baggage under guard of the 2nd Kentucky, 
which accompanied the Tenth Brigade from Athens, to 
follow by turnpike. Rebel guerillas had lately burned a 
bridge and destroyed a water tank near Reynolds' Sta- 
tion and the first ten miles a locomotive piloted the 
way. with General Nelson standing at the side of the 
engineer. Next followed a crowded train of freight 
and platform cars containing the 6th and 24th Ohio and 
Mendenhall's battery, and the 36th Indiana and 23d 
Kentucky on another train a short distance in the rear. 
About three miles south of Columbia an accident oc 
curred, caused by the breaking of an axle, which resulted 
in instantly killing Private John Collins, of the Ba1 
tery, as he lay asleep under a cannon, and severely 
wounded two others, one of them a member of the 24th 
Ohio. "For a Eew minutes." so says a 6th Ohio diary. 
"General Nelson was almost beside himself with rage. 
lie pui both the engineer and conductor under arresl 
and did nol release them until after reaching Nash- 
ville. He struck one of them a ferocious blow in the 
face, denounced them as secessionists who were trying 
to murder his men. and threatened to hang them both 

before the sun wi'iit down.'" By his orders two of our 
boys were placed in charge of the train and ran it 
throughout the remaining forty four miles of our jour 
uey. The accident delayed us aboul three hours, and 
when we did start we moved very slowly, so that it was 
almosi midnight when we reached Nashville and 



124 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

marched to a level meadow near the penitentiary and 
slept till morning. 

July 17th the Brigade camped near the same place it 
bivouacked the preceding night. 

July 18th, at 8 a. m., the Tenth Brigade started by 
rail for Murfreesboro, thirty miles distant. Numerous 
delays occurred in examining bridges before crossing, 
in leaving detachments as guards at three or four of 
the larger ones and in questioning some of the paroled 
prisoners, whom we met returning to Nashville, con- 
cerning the movements of the enemy. The train halted 
half a mile before reaching Murfreesboro, the troops 
disembarked, formed in column by companies and with 
arms at "right shoulder shift" marched rapidly into 
the town. They occupied it without firing a shot. The 
flag was hoisted over the court-house and a heavy 
picket force was thrown out in every direction. The 
remainder made themselves comfortable in the court- 
house and other deserted buildings fronting on the 
public square. 

July 19th the troops slept on their arms and were 
formed in line of battle at 3 a. m. This precaution 
was continued for several days. The 36th Indiana, 23d 
Kentucky and 24th Ohio moved to camping grounds in 
the southern suburbs of the town near the site of the 
railroad depot which Forrest had burned down. During 
the day troops began arriving from the direction of 
Shelby ville, Tullahoma and Wartrace and General Nelson 
compelled the citizens to return all the United States 
property which had come into their possession at the 
surrender on the 13th. 

July 21st the Regiment held the first dress parade 
since leaving Athens. It was witnessed by a large 
crowd of spectators, and the Regiments received uni- 
versal praise for their appearance and drill in the man- 



IN AND ABOUT MURFREESBORO. 125 

ual of arms. General Nelson issued a proclamation re- 
quiring the planters in the vicinity of Murfreesboro to 
furnish next morning two hundred able-bodied work- 
hands, with one day's food and necessary implements 
for the construction of fortifications. This being the 
first official document with his signature as Major Gen- 
eral, the troops noted his promotion with satisfaction. 
By this date the 35th Indiana, 51st Ohio, 2d, 8th and 
21st Kentucky, Konkle's Battery and detachments of the 
7th Pennsylvania, and 3d and 4th Kentucky Cavalry 
were added to our numbers. 

Soon after sunrise on July 22d. a courier reached 
headquarters with the intelligence that a reconnoitering 
party of the 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry had been ambus- 
caded near Lebanon and cut to pieces. By half-past six 
o'clock six Regiments of Infantry of the Tenth Brigade, 
with the 2d Kentucky and 51st Ohio and one of Cav- 
alry, were on the march toward Nashville, with which 
all communication had been cut off during the night by 
the enemy. A short distance from Murfreesboro Nelson 
informed the troops as they marched past him that 
Nashville was regarded as in danger, and if the day's 
march should be a hard one, to remember that it was 
for the flag and make extra effort to keep up with the 
column. After marching some twenty- two miles they 
lay down by the roadside without having encountered 
the enemy, although it was known that bodies of men 
were hovering about at no great distance. 

After the evacuation of Corinth the Army of the Ohio 
was assigned to the task of liberating East Tennessee. 
General Buell had obtained General Halleck's permission 
to advance by the way of McMinnville and thence east 
over the mountains, and move upon Chattanooga from 
the north, but this was soon countermanded by Halleck, 
and General Buell was directed simply to occupy Mc- 



126 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Minnville. for the purpose of protecting Nashville and 
the line of the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad. It 
was then considered that a force thus posted would be 
within supporting distance of that portion of the Union 
Army the advance of which was at Battle Creek and 
near Bridgeport, on the Tennessee river. Hence, on 
August 1st, the Fourth Division broke camp at Mur- 
freesboro and marched east over Cripple Creek, through 
the village of Rreadyville, to Woodbury, in Cannon 
county, nineteen miles, and camped for the night. The 
force with the column embraced detachments of the 4th 
Kentucky and 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry, in advance, 
under Colonel Wynkoop, of the latter Regiment ; the 
Tenth Brigade, under Colonel Grose ; the 1st and 20th 
Kentucky, of the Twenty-second Brigade, to which was 
temporarily attached the 35th Indiana ; and a Brigade 
under Colonel Stanley M. Matthews, at that time com- 
posed of the 51st Ohio and 8th and 21st Kentucky. 
Colonel Hazen. of the Nineteenth Brigade, was left in 
command of the post of Murfreesboro. 

On August 2d, "By mistake," says a diary, "the 
bugler at Division headquarters blew the reveille at 1 
o'clock a. m.. and was himself blown up for it by Nelson, 
who threatened to buck and gag him if he made another 
such blunder, cheating the men out of their needed 
sleep, etc." The column started at daybreak, and. climb- 
ing the long hill just east of Woodbury, gained the first 
plateau of the Cumberland Mountains, on which McMinn- 
ville is situated. It reached the latter place at dark, 
after a hard march of twenty-two miles, the Cavalry 
advance driving out a small body of Forrest's rangers. 
McMinnville is the county -seat of Warren county, and 
the terminus of a branch of the Nashville & Chattanooga 
railroad, through Tullahoma and Manchester. Although 
the secession element largely predominated, it was found 



OPERATIONS ABOUT M'MINNVILLE. 127 

to contain several families of stanchly Union principles, 
prominent among whom were the Armstrongs and Cliffs. 

At 4 a. m. on August 4th, the Division marched to at- 
tack a band of rebel Cavalry, in the direction of Sparta. 
twenty-two miles distant. Fording Collins* River, three 
miles out, it reached Rock Island, after a rapid march 
of thirteen miles, found the bridge at that point de- 
stroyed, and was forced to cross at another ford, over 
Caney fork, a mile and a half below. The hill beyond 
was high and very steep, and by the time all the ar 
tillery and trains had got over, it was night-fall. The 
Cavalry, under Colonel Wynkoop. encountered several 
hundred rebels, with two pieces of cannon, and after a 
protracted but desultory skirmish, withdrew to a posi- 
tion nearer the Infantry supports. The following day. 
after proceeding five miles, it was suddenly counter- 
marched, and the whole force returned to McMinnville. 
Many hours were consumed in recrossing the artillery 
and trains, so that it was 9 p. m. when the Infantry went 
into bivouac, one mile from McMinnville. at the end of 
a long day's tramp of twenty-three miles. Forrest's 
Cavalry this day picked up more than one hundred 
stragglers of bur forces. 

On Sunday. August 17th. by orders of General Buell, 
General Nelson left McMinnville for Kentucky, which 
ended his command of the Fourth Division, thai he had 
trained and so well prepared for the service. 

On the 19th General Thomas arrived and assumed 
command of the troops in the vicinity of McMinnville. 
consisting at this time of the Fourth and Sixth Divi- 
sions. The latter command (General Wood's) was sta- 
tioned along the branch railroad to Tullahoma, which 
was now in process of repair. Thomas* own Division, 
which he had left at Decherd. temporarily under the 
charge of General Schoepf, came up in a lew days, 



128 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

swelling his command to nearly one-half of the effect- 
ive force of the Army of the Ohio. On the 20th the 
36th Indiana. 24th Ohio. 23d Kentucky and Mendenhall's 
Battery marched to Smithville. northward about eigh- 
teen miles, to look after a body of rebels reported to 
be in that vicinity. On the 21st the railroad was re- 
opened, and. for the first time in more than six months, 
a train of cars arrived from Tullahoma. Next day 
telegraphic communication was established by the same 
route, and the 51st Ohio moved on another guerrilla- 
hunting expedition toward Sparta. 

For a fortnight past the air had been full of rumors 
in regard to Bragg's aggressive purposes, developing a 
widespread feeling, not of insecurity precisely, but un- 
mistakably one of uncertainty and suspense. Buell, in 
truth, was fully apprised of the heavy concentration 
which the enemy had made in the vicinity of Chatta- 
nooga, and, with straitened means which were daily 
wasting, found himself placed in a purely defensive atti- 
tude. On the 24th of August Bragg crossed the Ten- 
nessee in force, at Harrison's, a few miles above Chatta- 
nooga, and began a rapid march northward, masking it. 
however, by heavy Cavalry demonstrations, which, for a 
few days, left it in doubt whether his objective was 
Nashville or some point still further in the rear of 
Buell's Army. 

On the night of the 23d orders reached McMinnville 
for a concentration of Thomas' forces with other Divi- 
sions at Altamont, about twenty miles southeast, there 
to contest the enemy's advance toward Nashville. Sim- 
ultaneously, a heavy force of the enemy was reported 
within seventeen miles of McMinnville. moving directly 
upon it, and General Thomas decided to evacuate the 
post as speedily as possible. But all of our forces re- 
turned from Altamont without any serious engagement. 



ENCOUNTER WITH FORREST'S CAVALRY. 129 

On the 26th the Tenth Brigade (minus the 6th Ohio) 
started to conduct a large train to Murfreesboro. and 
when a few miles out they met the enemy's Cavalry. 
but with a couple of Regiments in battle line drove 
them steadily before them until night. Our Regiment 
lay in line so as to cover the large wagon train, and in 
the morning, no enemy in front, we marched forward in 
close and guarded shape, with one Regiment and one 
section of Artillery in the rear of the train, with orders 
to the Colonel to face to the rear in battle line at every 
stop, ready for Forrest if he should appear. The 
wagons moved two side and side, and the train was 
about one mile in length. As we approached the town 
of Woodbury, upon a high ridge called Round Mountain, 
overlooking the town, and the smoking, deserted camp 
of Forrest in the valley on our left, the column was 
halted to see if we could learn anything of Forrest. A 
short delay revealed where Forrest was. An orderly 
from the rear, and the noise of battle following, told 
where he was. *" Tennessee " carried the Brigade com- 
mander to the field of strife (a cornfield) faster than 
double-quick ; but Colonel Mundy. of the 23d Kentucky, 
had laid for them, and struck them hard, with the assist- 
ance of Major Mendenhall. with his section of Artillery. 
The right wing of the 36th was ordered up and reached 
the field in time for the pursuit. A Texas Regiment of 
the enemy was badly cut and mangled. They were 
big, fine-looking men, especially some of the wounded, 
who came under the care of the writer of these lines. 
The following documents will give the further facts of 
this small fight of an hour's duration : 

FROM THE 36TH REGIMENT. 

Colonel Grose, in command of the Tenth Brigade, 

* Name of General Grose's horse. 



130 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Fourth Division of the Army in Tennessee, left Mc- 
Minnville. it seems, with a train of four hundred wagons. 
going to Murfreesboro. Tennessee, for provisions. When 
some twenty miles west of MeMinnville, near Woodbury, 
he was attacked by General Forrest, the rebel chief, with 
from fifteen to seventeen hundred Cavalry, on the 27th of 
August. The rebel chief was repulsed handsomely by the 
brave men composing his command. We understood from 
a letter from John E. Holland to his father, that a soldier 
by the name of Samuel Moore, of the 36th, was killed near 
Murfreesboro. but he does not say how or in what engage- 
ment. He also states that Thomas Houck. of this place, 
was wounded in the shoulder near the same place. He 
was sent to Nashville. Bslow we publish the report of 
Colonel Grose to General Ammen, giving the result of the 
engagement with Forrest, etc. — [New Castle Courier. 

Murfreesboro. Tenn., August 30. 1862. 
General J. Ammen, MeMinnville, Tenn.: 

I arrived here this morning at 6 o'clock. The forces 
under my command had an engagement with General For- 
rest, between 3 and 4 o'clock p. m. on the 27th inst., at 
Round Mountain, two and a half miles from Woodbury. 
He made the attack upon my rear and as he supposed upon 
our train, but instead of my train his heavy force came in 
contact with the 23d Kentucky under Colonel Mundy. The 
enemy was handsomely repulsed, and with a portion of 
Captain Mendenhall's Battery, the right wing of the 36th 
Indiana and Colonel Mundy's Regiment we pursued and 
drove them over two miles, scattering them in every direc- 
tion. Our loss is four of the 23d Kentucky and one of 
Lieutenant Colonel Cochran's Cavalry wounded. The loss 
of the enemy is much larger. 

Your obedient servant. 

W. Grose, 
Colonel Commanding Tenth Brigade. 
John E. Holland Lieut. A. A. A. Gen. 

After this interruption, the Brigade pursued its jour- 
ney to Murfreesboro, and arrived with the train all safe. 
There the 6th Ohio rejoined the Brigade, and we set 



IN PURSUIT OF GENERAL BRAGG. 131 

out for McMinnvUle, with the train of about four hun- 
dred wagons drawn by about 2,000 mules, four and six- 
mule teams, back Over the same field where we had 
played with Forrest, to the vicinity of McMinnville, all 
in good order, with rations for the hungry. There be- 
ing some trouble about Murfreesboro, the 6th Ohio and 
23d Kentucky were immediately, with a part of the 
train, returned there, under command of Colonel John 
P. Jackson, of the latter Regiment. 

At this time a crisis had reached us in the campaign. 
On the 27th of August Bragg reached Dimlap. and mov- 
ing rapidly north up the Sequatchie valley, through 
Pikeville. was in Crossville. several miles north of the 
latitude of McMinnville. on September 1st. and passing 
Nashville by. was then moving through Sparta, on the 
route to Carthage, as if to strike Buell's line of com- 
munications at Bowling Green, with Louisville as his 
objective point. It was afterwards developed that such 
was the undertaking the rebel commander had proposed 
to himself. Within a week from the time Bragg crossed 
the Tennessee River, Buell had abandoned his whole line 
on the Memphis & Charleston Railroad, and was hasten- 
ing his forces northward for a concentration at Nash- 
ville. 

On September 1st the remainder of the Tenth Bri- 
gade. 36th Indiana and 24th Ohio, with the Fourth Divi- 
sion, left McMinnville for Murfreesboro. and there met 
Generals Crittenden's and Rousseau's Divisions, of the 
Army of the Ohio, and a portion of the Army of the 
Mississippi, under command of General R. B. Mitchell. 
Troops were arriving constantly and rapidly falling 
back on Nashville, where the Tenth Brigade arrived on 
September 6th, and thence, with the Army under Buell, 
we moved to the north by daily marches, passed Bowl- 
ing Green September 17lh. and camped off of the main 



132 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

road to the east, looking out for Bragg' s people to our 
right. We traveled all next day to the right of the 
main road to the north, as side guards to the main col- 
umn, with trains and artillery upon the road, and 
reached near to Cave City in the night. On the 19th 
we moved upon a road three or four miles to the right. 
While the Fourth Division lay at and about Bowling 
Green. Bragg's forces were getting in position on the 
main route at and 'about Munfordsville, or more properly 
Woodsonville, where the capture by the enemy of Col- 
onel Wilder's command, four thousand strong, took place, 
and Bragg's Army was in full possession on the main 
road between Buell's Army and Louisville. This was 
our first attempt at retreat, with an enemy between us 
and our objective point. News of General Nelson's de- 
feat in Kentucky by Kirby Smith, the defeat of our 
Army in a second Bull Run. and desperate lighting still 
in progress about Washington, the National Capital, 
Louisville and Nashville, all in danger of being pos- 
sessed by the enemy, with Wilder's four thousand pa- 
roled men on the roadside as we were trying to move 
north to save our war equipments, stores and position 
at Louisville, made our prospects look gloomy, even to a 
36th Indiana patriot. But such was our situation, and 
yet in thirty days thereafter we had all these points 
fully safe, the enemy on the run to save capture, and 
our people confident, more confident than ever, of main- 
taining the government and suppressing the rebellion. 

On the 16th of September Brigadier General William 
Sooy Smith succeeded to the command of the Fourth 
Division. He was a native of Ohio, where so many 
great men have been born. A finely-educated gentle- 
man, a graduate of West Point ; he had been Colonel of 
the 13th Ohio Infantry, and withal was a pleasant and 
competent commander of the Division. 



ARRIVAL AT LOUISVILLE. 133 

On September 18th the provision train came up about 
9 a. m. and the Fourth Division received half-rations 
for four days, which the hungry troops had scarcely 
had time to begin disposing of when they were hurried 
into line and began a slow and tedious march of twelve 
miles to strike the turnpike at Prewitt's Knob. This 
they did about 8 p. m., and found the whole of Buell's 
Army there concentrated. "It was a magnificent sight 
to look down upon in the darkness — thousands of camp- 
tires and swarms of soldiers, all up and down the valley 
as far as the eye could reach." 

Before daylight September 19th, Buell began posting 
his Army in line of battle, the enemy having been found 
in front in force. The Fourth Division moved four 
miles toward the Glasgow turnpike, and took position 
near the right of the line. Active skirmishing was 
kept up all day along the entire front. Sharing in 
what was unmistakably the general desire of the men, 
many of the officers were anxious to attack the enemy, 
who had been followed with such labor and hardship 
across one State and portions of two more, and strike 
the blow which, if successful, must prove his ruin ; but 
Buell deemed the hazard too great, and the majority of 
his Division commanders acquiesced in the decision. 
For two and a half days the situation remained un- 
changed; then it was discovered that Bragg had with- 
drawn across Green River, and Buell followed at once. 

On the 24th we marched through Elizabethtown to 
the west of north of the main road to Louisville, 
twenty-three miles, to within a few miles of West Point. 
The next day we crossed Green River, passed Wes1 
Point and rested for the night, and on the 26th moved 
twenty miles, to Louisvillle. all in good condition except 
footsore and in need of supplies and rest, and at noon 
went into camp on Goose Island, between the canal and 
River. 



134 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Before our forces changed their direction near Eliza- 
bethtown, Bragg's forces had left the main road to the 
right from Prewitt's Knob toward Bardstown. where he 
was on the 25th of September, and the way open for 
the Union troops to assemble at Louisville and all 
danger was past, even of an attack by Bragg's Army. 
Upon this Island Governor Morton visited the Tenth 
Brigade and bid the boys good cheer, with the assur- 
ance that the danger point wa? past, that the Govern- 
ment would be maintained and the rebellion put down. 
On the morning of the 29th of September, while the 
Army was yet at Louisville, it was that the killing of 
General Nelson by General Davis, of Indiana, occurred. 
Both were excellent Union officers, skilled in the art of 
war. In a personal altercation Davis shot Nelson and 
he died in less than half an hour. This was an occur- 
rence that did our cause no good, and tended to do us 
harm with the community. It had no effect on the 
soldiers except regret. 




MAJOR ISAAC KINLEY. 



CHAPTER V. 

REORGANIZATION AT LOUISVILLE — THE BATTLE OF 
PERRYVILLE — PURSUIT OF BRAGG — WILDCAT — THE 
ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND — RETURN TO NASHVILLE. 

Daring it's short stay at Louisville, the Army of the 
Ohio was re-organized and divided into three Corps, 
respectively commanded by Major Generals McCook 
and Crittenden and Brigadier General Charles C. Gil- 
bert. General Thomas being made second in command 
of the whole Army. Gilbert, who had been Halleck's 
Inspector General during the advance on Corinth, was 
in no respect entitled to the important command which 
General Buell conferred upon him. and within a month 
was superseded by General Thomas. The Divisions of 
Smith. Wood and Van Cleve (the last-named being Crit- 
tenden's successor in command of the Fifth Division ) 
constituted the Second Corps, under command of Gen- 
eral Crittenden. But these changes were of much less 
consequence than the accession of nearly or quite 30,- 
000 new troops to the war worn ranks of Bin41V 
Army, most of whom were distributed among the old 
commands — one or two Regiments to a Brigade. The 
Fourth Division received the 84th and 110th Illinois and 
the 90th Ohio, of which the first-named was assigned to 
the Tenth Brigade. This Regiment rendezvoused at 
Quincy. Illinois, mustered September 1st. L862, with an 
aggregate of nine hundred and forty-two, reached Louis- 
ville on the 26th of the same month, and was com 
inanded by Colonel Lewis H. Waters, an officer of sev 
eral months* experience as Lieutenant Colonel of another 
Regiment. 



136 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

On Wednesday, October 1st. Buell's Army again 
turned its footsteps southward — newly clad, greatly 
rested, and confident of victory, if the enemy could but 
be brought to battle. It moved in five columns, the 
left on Frankfort and the right on Shepardsville. under 
instructions which contemplated a concentration at Bards- 
town, where the main body of Bragg's forces was sup- 
posed to be. The Fourth Division formed part of the 
heaviest of these columns, and this day marched seven 
miles, directly out on the Bardstown turnpike. The ad- 
vance, under General Sill, found rebel Cavalry within 
six or eight miles of Louisville, and had a skirmish at 
Floyd's Fork. On October 2d, the Fourth Division 
(whose movements our brief record must henceforth be 
understood to chronicle, unless otherwise specified) 
marched eleven miles to Floyd's Fork. Sharp skir 
mishing occurred a few miles ahead, with half an hour's 
rapid cannonading about noon. 

On October 3d we marched eleven miles, through 
Mount Washington, to a position where the advance 
Divisions had formed in line of battle, just beyond Salt 
River, in consequence of vigorous opposition from the 
rebel outposts. On October 4th we marched eight 
miles to a creek within six miles of Bardstown. which 
place Wood's advance entered late in the afternoon, 
driving out the enemy's rear-guard. Polk, whose Corps 
it was that had there been posted, fell back toward 
Harrodsburg and Bryantsville. Next day the Division 
marched through Bardstown to a camping place two 
miles beyond, and on the 6th. nineteen miles to Cart- 
wright Creek, two miles west of Springfield. Buell was 
now pressing upon Bragg, seemingly to bring him to 
battle. 

On the 7th we marched twenty-two miles, through 
Springfield and Hayesville, to Rolling Fork, four miles 

H 



THE BATTLE OF PERRYVILLE. Ldi 

to the right of the road to where it was found neces- 
sary to obtain water. The weather was warm and dry, 
and we were skirmishing continuously most of the day. 
The enemy was at Perryville in force. On the morn- 
ing of the 8th our Division moved toward the turnpike 
four miles distant, and while resting and waiting for 
our trains and Artillery to get upon the road the roar 
of battle was heard a couple of miles to our left and 
front, It was soon learned that the left of our line 
was in conflict with the enemy. Smith's Division 
rapidly moved forward. Our Cavalry in front cleared 
the way for two or three miles. During that time Mc- 
Cook's Corps came up and advanced to the left of Gil- 
bert's forces and was soon in bloody conflict with the 
enemy, and most of Gilbert's forces were closely en- 
gaged. The chief force of the enemy was pressing 
heavily upon McCook's left with terrible loss on both 
sides. It was now about 2 o'clock. Terrell's Brigade 
of new troops were under a heavy pressure, and with 
superior numbers was forced back in confusion. Crit- 
tenden's Corps was on the right. Smith's Division on 
the right of the Corps and the Tenth Brigade, with 
36th Indiana, on the extreme right of the line of 
bat ile. 

About 11 a. m. General Smith formed his Division 
directly across the turnpike, leaving a wide gap between 
him and Gilbert's Corps, with a view to hold the road 
until the Divisions of Van Cleve and Wood would eome 
up and till the interval to the left of the Fourth Divi- 
sion, which they did during the afternoon. From that 
time until night Crittenden's Corps virtually lay idle 
for want of orders to advance, in plain view from the 
elevated heights at the right of the Union lines, nothing 
between Smith's Division and Perryville but a skirmish 
line of the enemy's Cavalry. One hour's w T ork. and 



138 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Crittenden's two right Divisions could have been in pos- 
session of Perryville, upon the transportation line of 
the enemy, and at once put a stop to the bloody fighting 
to the left of our line with McCook's and Gilbert's 
Corps. But no orders came, though the night did 
come, and Crittenden's Corps did not move on Perry- 
ville. At night the battle on our left ceased, and dur- 
ing the night Bragg's forces withdrew through Perry- 
ville and were out of our reach the next morning. 
During the night 'orders came to move at early dawn, 
which was promptly done, and in forty minutes the 
Tenth Brigade was in Perryville, without firing a gun 
and the enemy well out of the way. The Union loss 
was serious. General Jackson and General Terrell, 
two of Kentucky's best and most gallant officers, were 
among the killed, and, as reported by General Buell, 
there were 916 killed, 2,943 wounded, and 489 missing; 
total loss, 4. 348, mostly trained and disciplined soldiers ; 
an exceedingly large number for the troops severely 
engaged. It has been difficult to ascertain the loss of 
the enemy with any correctness, but in prisoners and 
deserters it was very large, and perhaps in killed and 
wounded about as ours, or a little less. 

It was common to hear the battle of Perryville 
spoken of by the Union people and soldiers as having 
been delivered by Bragg with the object of saving his 
trains, laden with the spoils of three or four weeks, un- 
disturbed occupancy of the richest portions of Central 
Kentucky. But it is difficult to believe that this was 
the limit of Bragg's hopes or expectations. . When he 
decided to stand and fight at Perryville, he imagined 
Buell's Army to be much more widely scattered than it 
really was, and was especially deceived in regard to 
the strength of the Union column directed upon Prank- 
fort. Flushed with the confidence begotten of six 



FOLLOWING BRAGG FROM PEKKYVILLE. 139 

weeks* unwavering success, lie seems at that time not 
yet to have abandoned the hope of wintering in Ken- 
tucky, and probably supposed he could here begin the 
task of beating Buell's Army in detail, though he had 
but five Divisions on the field himself. A brief but 
desperate collision convinced him of his error, where- 
upon he hastily retired toward Harrodsburg. to form a 
junction with Kirby Smith; thence, on the 11th. to 
Bryantsville and Camp Dick Robinson, behind Dicks 
River, and on the 13th began a rapid march for Cum- 
berland Gap. whither the bulk of his immense trains 
had been dispatched immediately after the battle. 

During these five days — from the 9th to the 13th of 
October, inclusive — Buell threw away the grand oppor- 
tunity of the campaign. It is true that his Army had 
been roughly handled at Perryville. but scarcely more 
so than his antagonist's, which was less able to lose 
three thousand men than the Army of the Ohio its four 
thousand. It is certainly true that General Buell did 
not rise on this occasion to the level of his high at- 
tainments in the military profession, his great talents for 
organization and moving large bodies of troops, and his 
record at Shiloh. The pursuit of Bragg was timid and 
allowed him to escape from Kentucky. 

The Fourth Division joined in the pursuit on to Dan 
ville, toward Camp Dick Robinson, through Stanford. 
Crab Orchard and across Rockcastle River. Early on 
the 17th we ascended the mountain to Camp Wildcat 
the Tenth Brigade in advance. The 36th Indiana de- 
ployed through the woods as skirmishers, pressed the 
rebel rear-guard with a stubborn resistance and lost 
four men killed and wounded. The enemy suffered an 
equal or greater loss, besides their loss of many pris- 
oners. On the 19th the Tenth Brigade moved to 
Nelson's Cross Roads, and the next day on to the Man- 



.140 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Chester road, then but forty-five miles from Cumberland 
Gap. By this time the enemy was out of reach and 
the Brigade returned to Nelson's Cross Roads. After 
arming loyal mountaineers with captured arms, and 
picking- up rebel stragglers, the Fourth Division coun- 
termarched to Rockcastle River. Colonel Grose was 
absent sick for a couple of weeks about this time, 
which left Colonel Fred Jones, of the 24th Ohio, in 
command of the Brigade. After passing Crab Orchard 
the Division had received the surrender of six or seven 
hundred rebel soldiers and captured four or five hun- 
dred fat cattle from the supply train of the enemy that 
they were endeavoring to take with them from Ken- 
tucky. On the 24th of October the Division re-crossed 
Rockcastle River, marched to Mount Vernon and Buck 
Creek, thence to Somerset. This march, for suffering 
and hardship, was not surpassed by Valley Forge or 
the retreat from Moscow. We had no tents nor shelter, 
no axes to cut wood, were stinted in supplies and 
poorly clad, many were without shoes and tied clothing 
about their feet. We marched through frozen slush, 
snow and ice, leaving bloody footprints wherever we 
trod. The historian of the 84th Illinois has it as fol- 
lows : "Our men were scantily clothed, for the weather 
had been very warm for a few days after leaving Louis- 
ville, and finding themselves overloaded, they had thrown 
away all except one suit. Many were now nearly bare- 
footed, and some had been so unfortunate as to lose 
their blankets, or have them stolen by the older Regi- 
ments. We were the only new Regiment in the Bri- 
gade, and during the whole campaign our verdancy 
gave them frequent occasion for mirth and ridicule ; 
and from our men many were so unprincipled as to 
steal nearly everything not actually fastened to their 
persons.'" 



MANEUVERING ABOUT NASHVILLE. 14] 

On the 28th of October we marched to Fishing Creek, 
the next day passing the Mill Springs' battle ground! 
where the merit and fame of General Thomas began, 
thence to Wolf Creek and on to Columbia. While en- 
camped there, upon the banks of Russell Creek, the 
news came that on the 30th of October, the day before, 
General Buell had been superseded by General Rose- 
crans. The designation of the Army was now changed 
to the title which it bore with such pride and honor to 
itself in the war— the Army of the Cumberland. Crit- 
tenden's Corps became the "Left Wing.- McCook's the 
••Right Wing.- and Thomas" the ••Center/" On Sun- 
flay. November 2d, the Fourth Division inarched twenty 
miles to Edmonton; on the 3d, twenty -two miles to 
Glasgow; on the 8th, twenty-two miles to Scottsville; 
on the 9th, three miles further, for better camp grounds ; 
on the 10th, twelve miles, to the Tennessee State line; 
on the 11th, seventeen miles, to within five miles of 
Gallatin, and on the 12th through Gallatin, across the 
Cumberland by a shaky bridge of trestles and loose 
boards, which had been hastily improvised by Wood's 
Division, and eight miles beyond, to the Lebanon turn- 
pike. On the 13th the Division moved three miles 
nearer Nashville to rejoin the remainder of Crittenden's 
Corps at Silver Springs. Here Colonel Grose mad., 
some changes in the Brigade stall. Captain South-ate 
of the nth Ohio, was appointed Acting Assistant Adju- 
tant General, Captain Irwin of the same Regiment. Bri- 
gade Inspector. They were two excelled officers and 
trusty soldiers. On the L9th the Division changed camp 
twelve miles, passing by the Hermitage, to within eighl 
miles of Nashville, and again on the 26th to within 
three miles of thai city, on the Murfreesboro turnpike. 
Thus the Army of the Ohio was between Bragg and 
the City of Nashville, which, no doubt, was his object- 



142 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

ive point when he was compelled to leave Kentucky. 
His main force was then at Murfreesboro. and he ex 
tended his tormenting lines as he deemed most advan- 
tageous to his cause and the annoyance of the Union 
troops. Most of his Cavalry were annoying the Union 
force at Nashville, under General Negley. 

On the 7th of November, 1862, General Rosecrans an- 
nounced in general order No. 8 the re-organization of 
the Army, assigning General Thomas to the command 
of the Centre, comprising the Divisions of Rousseau, 
Negley. Dumont, Pry, and Palmer ; General McCook to 
the command of the Right Wing, and General Critten- 
den to the command of the Left Wing. Soon after he 
gave the Divisions of Sheridan, Sill and Woodruff to 
General McCook, and those of Wood. Smith and Van- 
Cleve to General Crittenden. Subsequently Generals 
R. W. Johnson and J. C. Davis commanded in place of 
Sill and Woodruff, and John M. Palmer in place of 
Smith. Thus the Division of Palmer was the old Fourth 
of Nelson. and by this change became the Second Divis- 
ion of the Left Wing. 



/ 



CHAPTER VI. 

STONE RIVER CAMPAIGN — DISPOSITION OF FORCES 
FORWARD MOVEMENT — BATTLES OF DECEMBER L M .». 
1862, AND JANUARY 2, 1863. 

When General Rosecrans ordered the advance of his 
Army, on the 20th of December, 1862, the disposition 
of the enemy's force was well known; Generals Polk's 
and Kirby Smith's Corps were at Murfreesboro, thirty 
miles from Nashville, with an advance at Stewart's 
Creek and La Vergne ; and General Hardee's Corps 
was on the turnpike road between Triune and Eagle- 
ville, with detachment thrown forward. As it was the 
prerogative of the enemy, being on the defensive, to 
choose his own battle-field. General Rosecrans gave pos- 
itive orders to each of the commanders of his Right 
Wing, Centre and Left Wing, to General McCook to 
move with his three Divisions — Johnson's, Davis' and 
Sheridan's, by the Nolensville turnpike to Triune ; Gen- 
eral Thomas, with Rousseau's and Negley's Divisions 
and Walker's Brigade, to march on the Franklin and 
Wilson turnpikes, threaten Hardee's left, and then to 
cross by county roads to Nolensville; and General Crit- 
tenden, to advance on the direct road (turnpike) from 
Nashville to Murfreesboro. At Nolensville General 
Thomas would be in position to support either wing, 
as might be needed, and General McCook was ordered 
to attack Hardee at Triune, as soon as Thomas should 
reach Nolensville. Should Bragg re-enforce Hardee 
against McCook. then Thomas was to move to his sup- 
port. If Hardee should retreat and the enemy meet 
Crittenden in force, then Thomas was to re-enforce him, 



144 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

and move upon the left flank of the enemy, and Mc- 
Cook. after detaching a Division, was to pursue Hardee, 
or at least observe him ; and Hardee out of the way. 
then to move to the left, to the rear of Thomas and 
Crittenden. 

The movements as ordered begun on the morning- of 
the 26th of December. We regret that neither space 
nor time will allow us to follow in detail the action of 
the Right Wing and Center, as it is our duty to nar- 
rate more particularly the part taken by the Left 
Wing, in which the 86th Indiana did its share. 

The Left Wing, under Crittenden, then consisted of 
the three Divisions of Wood, Palmer and Van Cleve, 
afterwards numbered First, Second and Third, of the 
Left Wing. Palmer's Second Division comprised the 
following troops: First Brigade (formerly Twenty- 
second), Brigadier General Charles Cruft commanding, 
1st and 2d Kentucky, 31st Indiana and 90th Ohio, and 
Battery B, 1st Ohio Artillery, under Captain Standart. 

Second Brigade (formerly Nineteenth), Colonel Hazen 
commanding. 41st Ohio, 9th Indiana, 6th Kentucky and 
110th Illinois ; and Battery F, 1st Ohio Artillery, under 
Captain Cockerill. 

Third Brigade (formerly Tenth), Colonel Grose com- 
manding, 36th Indiana, 6th and 24th Ohio, 23d Kentucky 
and 84th ■ Illinois ; and Batteries H and M, 4th 
United States Artillery, officered by Lieutenants Par- 
sons, Cushing and Huntington, and consolidated for the 
time being under the command of the first-named. 

On the morning as stated in orders, the entire Army 
moved in the main as ordered, the Left Wing on the 
Murfreesboro turnpike, the Third Brigade in front, with 
heavy skirmishing. Crittenden advanced that day to La 
Vergne, over a rough country of forest and cedar- 
brakes, twelve miles. All the Regiments contributed 



ENROUTE TO STONE RIVER. 145 

their portion as skirmishers and flankers. On the 27th 
Wood's Division had the lead. Hascall's Brigade in front 
at the start, but soon had to be deployed and helped 
by the artillery to advance, but steadily drove the 
enemy during the day to Stewart's Creek, saved the 
bridges and bivouacked at the creek. Groses Brigade 
took position on the extreme right of the Corps in line. 
and the Oth Ohio was thrown forward as a picket line. 
The next day, Sunday the 2sth. there was no move by 
the Left Wing, and all were disposed to rest on the 
Sabbath day and keep it holy, and to watch and shoot 
the enemy if he came in the way. Toward evening the 
pickets became friendly and exchanged newspapers and 
tobacco for coffee. It was rather expected that the 
enemy might give us battle at this creek, but when the 
Left Wing advanced on Monday morning there was but 
little resistance. 

We must relate here an incident in which the 6th 
Ohio boys took part. On Sunday, or Sunday night, 
while on picket duty, they crossed the creek, passed the 
rebel picket line, up a ravine that came down to the 
creek, at the head of which, by a farm house, was a 
spring and milk house, well supplied with milk and but- 
ter by the farm lady. They removed all the luxuries 
from the milk house, and returned down the ravine, 
through the rebel picket line, re-crossed the creek waist 
deep, and to their picket post, where there enjoyed the 
fruits of their labor. On Monday, when our lines 
moved forward over the same rough bluffs of the creek, 
after the Brigade commander had crossed the creek, 
following our lines that were driving the Johnnies, a 6th 
Ohio boy instructed him kindly that he could, go up 
that ravine and get handily on to the uplands. The 
advice was followed, and as he and staff passed a milk 
and farm house at the head of the ravine, the Union 



146 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

lines driving the rebels, a lady appeared slapping her 
hands and exclaiming, ' ' Goody, goody, glory, I am glad 
to see you driving them rebel thieves ; hope you will 
kill 'em all ; they stole all my milk and butter last 
night. " 

Grose's Brigade, which this day had the advance 
upon the right of the turnpike, was formed in two lines, 
of which the 36th Indiana, 84th Illinois and 23d Ken- 
tucky were in first front, line ; the 6th and 24th Ohio 
constituted the second, and marched laboriously in line 
of battle across the country, abreast of a Brigade from 
Wood's Division on the opposite side of the road, forded 
Overall's Creek, and late in the day halted two hundred 
yards before reaching a brick house, then in flames, sit- 
uated in the midst of a large cleared space near the 
point where the railroad crosses the turnpike. This 
was the famous "Cowan's Burnt House," as it has so 
often been called in the reports of the battles of Stone 
River. Prom beyond it a strong line of rebel skirmish- 
ers had already fired two or three defiant volleys, 
wounding Corporal Joseph Reel, of Company A, 6th 
Ohio, and two men in the 84th Illinois ; while, as it af- 
terward proved, the enemy's main line was intrenched 
but a short distance behind the railroad, directly in 
front. 

The following official reports give as accurate de- 
scriptions of the movements of the 36th Indiana Regi- 
ment as could be written : 



Headquarters Third Brigade. Second 

Division. Left Wing, Army of the Cum- 
berland. NEAR MURFREESBORO. TENN.. 

January 8. 1S63. 
Captain I). W. Norton, 

Acting Ass't Adff Gen.. Second Divi: 
Sir : In accordance with duty I have the honor to sub- 
mit the report of the part this Brigade, under my command. 



COLONEL GROSE'S OFFICIAL REPORT. 147 

took in the recent battles before Murfreesboro. The live 
Regiments, 36th Indiana, Major Kinley ; 6th Ohio. Colonel 
Anderson; 24th Ohio. Colonel Jones; 84th Illinois. Colonel 
Waters, and 23d Kentucky, Major Hamrick. aggregate 
officers and men. 1,788, left our camp near Nashville De- 
cember 26, 1862, with the Division, and bivouacked that 
night in front of La Vergne. twelve miles distant. Next day, 
the 27th, w y e moved to the west bank of Stewart's Creek, 
five miles, and my Brigade was put in position in front, to 
the right of the pike, the pickets of the enemy separated 
from ours by the creek. With light skirmishing, we rested 
here until Monday morning, the 29th, wiien we received 
orders and moved forward in double lines of battle, the 
36th Indiana and K4th Illinois in the front line, wading 
Stewart's Creek, waist deep to most of the men. to within 
two and a half miles of Murfreesboro. where we arrived 
near sunset, with skirmishing all the way, which was only 
ended by the close of day. We there rested for the night. 

At early morn skirmishing again commenced and contin- 
ued during the day with more severity than before, the 
Artillery taking a heavy part. This again ended with the 
day. Up to this time the loss in my Brigade w T as ten 
wounded. During the night the Brigade was relieved from 
the front by the Brigade of Colonel Hazen. and retired to 
the rear to rest and to be held in reserve. Thus, on the 
bright Wednesday morning, December 31st. the Division, 
under command of its brave General, at early day was in 
battle line, the Brigade of General Cruft on the right, that 
of Colonel Hazen on the left, both in double lines, with my 
Brigade in reserve in the rear of the center, within sup- 
porting distance, with the Batteries of Cockerill and Par- 
sons in position to support the lines. While we were per- 
fecting our lines in the morning, the Divisions of General 
Negley and General Rousseau tiled by my rear through a 
heavy cedar grove which lay in the rear of General Cruft's 
Brigade and immediately to the right of my Brigade. The 
Brigade of Colonel Hazen w r as in an open cotton field, the 
pike dividing his left from the Division of General Wood, 
the lines of these tw T o Divisions resting nearly perpendicu- 
lar to the pike. 

The engagement had been raging fiercely some distance 



148 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

to our right during the early morning, and at near 8 o'clock 
the clash of arms to our right had so far changed position 
that I saw the rear of my Brigade would soon be endan- 
gered. Hence I set about changing my front to the rear. 
which was done in quick time, with the left, when changed. 
a little retired to support Colonel Hazen's Brigade, then 
closely engaged with the enemy, our two Brigades forming 
a V. My Brigade was not more than thus fronted to the 
rear before the enemj^ appeared in heavy lines, pressing 
our forces that had been engaged to the right of our Divi- 
sion on our new front into fearful confusion. In this new 
formation the 6th Ohio and 36th Indiana were in the front 
line, the latter on the right, supported in the second line by 
the 84th Illinois and 23d Kentucky, with the 24th Ohio in 
an oblique form a little to the right of the rear line. In 
this shape the 36th Indiana and 6th Ohio advanced into the 
woodland about two hundred and fifty yards, and there met 
the enemy in overwhelming numbers. Here Major Kinley, 
Captain Shultz and others of the 36th Indiana fell, the for- 
mer badly wounded, the latter killed. Colonel Anderson, 
of the 6th Ohio, was here wounded, and his Adjutant, A. 
G. Williams, and Lieutenant Foster fell dead, with several 
others of their comrades. These two Regiments were 
forced from the woodland and retired to the right in the 
direction of the pike, while the other three Regiments, 
aided by the eight-gun Battery commanded by Lieutenant 
Parsons, with the efficient aid of Lieutenants Huntington 
and Cushing. poured a galling fire into the ranks of the pur- 
suing enemy, causing him to break in confusion and retire 
back to the woods out of our reach, leaving the field cov- 
ered with dead and dying, with the heavy loss of the 36th 
Indiana and 6th Ohio lying mingled with them on the bloody 
field. After some half or three-quarters of an hour the 
enemy renewed his attempt to advance, but was again re- 
pulsed with heavy loss on both sides. After this, then be- 
tween 11 and 12 o'clock, the enemy not longer appearing in 
our immediate front, the lines of our forces that had retired 
or been driven from the right, by this time were re-formed 
parallel with the pike, so that the front of the Brigade was 
again changed so as to assist the Brigade of Colonel Hazen, 
in the direction as formed in the morning. The 24th Ohio 



COLONEL GROSE'S OFFICIAL REPORT. 149 

and 36th Indiana, were soon thrown forward near the pike 
and had a terrible conflict with the enemy. Here Colonel 
Jones and Major Terry fell, and were carried from the field 
in a dying condition. Each Regimenl of the Brigade, from 
this on until night closed the awful scene, alternately took 
its part in holding the position that we occupied in the 
morning. The enemy having gained the heavy cedar wood 
to the right of where we first took position in the morning, 
it became necessary to so change our position as to not be 
in reach of small arms from that woodland, hence at night- 
fall the center of the front line of the Brigade lay on the 
pike and diagonally across the same, fronting to the south- 
east, our left resting at the right of the lines of General 
Wood's Division. We were then a little retired, the center 
of the Brigade about two hundred and fifty yards to the left 
of where we commenced in the morning. We ceased fight- 
ing for the night in the front lines on the pike. During the 
day each of the Regiments, having exhausted its supply, 
had to replenish its ammunition, many of them haying fired 
over one hundred rounds. When Major Kinley, of tin 1 36th 
Indiana, fell, nearly at the commencement in the morning. 
the command of the Regiment devolved upon Captain 
Woodward ; and upon the fall of Colonel Jones and Major 
Terry, of the 24th Ohio. Captain Weller was left in com- 
mand. 

Although I was at Shiloh and commenced in that battle 
at the head of General Buell's Army and fought through- 
out that battle with that Army, yet this battle of the last 
day of the old year was by far the most terrible and bloody 
(in my command) that I have ever witnessed. During the 
latter part of the night, or rather in the early morning of 
the first day of January, our whole line was retired, for a 
more eligible position, six or seven hundred yards, and 
my Brigade was relieved from th s front and retired lor 
rest. 

During Thursday. .January 1st. 1863, we were ordered 
across to the north bank of Stone River to support a Di- 
vision on the extreme left of our line, there situate, an at- 
tack being anticipated in thai direction, but returned to our 
resting place before night, no attack being made that d 
On the next day, January I'd. in the forenoon, we were 



.150 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

again ordered across the river to support the Division 
there in position with its right resting on the river's bank, 
and its lines (double 1 lines) formed at right angles to the 
river, extending therefrom about one-half mile. The 
river below the right of the Division line about eight hun- 
dred yards changes direction, running about one- half mile 
in the rear and nearly parallel to the lines of the Division 
formed as above. When my Brigade arrived on the ground 
I was requested to put it in position so as to protect the 
left flank of the Division referred to, and repel any attack 
that might be made in that direction. The 23d Kentucky 
was posted to the left of the Division spoken of, about two 
hundred yards retired; the 34th Ohio three hundred yards 
to its rear, fronting same way; the 36th Indiana to the rear 
of the 24th Ohio, fronting diagonally to the flank of the 
other two. The right of the 36th distant from the left of 
the 24th about one hundred and fifty yards, and with direc- 
tions specially given to each of these Regiments to change 
front as the exigencies of the occasion might require in 
case of an attack. The 84th Illinois and 6th Ohio were 
placed 150 yards from the left of the 36th Indiana in one 
line, fronting the same direction as the 24th and 23d, as 
well as in the same direction as the Division posted as 
above, to our right and front. The right of the 81th Illi- 
nois rested on the bluff at the river, with the 3d Wisconsin 
Battery near the left and front of the 84th. The 6th Ohio 
was on the left of the 84th Illinois. Thus in position I 
took precaution to have each Regiment hurriedly throw 
before it barricades of such materials, fences, buildings, 
etc., as were at command. About 3:30 o'clock p. m.. the 
enemy came against the Division to my front and right 
(as above shown in position) in strong force, perhaps in 
three lines, and with three Batteries distributed along the 
front, and a heavv contest ensued which lasted from one- 
half to three-fourths of an hour, when the lines of the Di- 
vision gave way in considerable confusion, retiring toward 
the river and many of them breaking through the lines of 
my Brigade. I went to my front Regiments and superin- 
tend the changing of their fronts respectively, so as to 
meet the enemy the best we could coming from an unex- 
pected direction, which to some extent threw the 23d Ken- 



COLONEL GROSJE'S OFFICIAL REPORT. 151 

tucky and 24th Ohio, my advanced front Regiments, into 
confusion and caused them to retire toward the left of the 
main line of the Brigade, but they kept up a strong fire on 
the advancing enemy as they retired. The 36th Indiana 
changed its front, and as the enemy's lines came near, it 
opened on them a deadly fire. But on they came until in 
reach of the 84th Illinois and 6th Ohio behind their barri 
cades, when both these Regiments saluted them with a 
terrible fire, and by this time all my Regiments were en- 
gaged. The masses of the enemy here began to falter 
and soon broke in disorder and commenced their flight 
back over the farm they had so fiercely advanced upon, 
pursued by the 36th Indiana, 23d Kentucky and 24th Ohio 
to the line occupied by the out picket posts/>f the Division 
before the battle commenced. Here night overtook us. 
the battle was over and the enemy was gone beyond the 
reach of our guns. Colonel Hazen's Brigade arrived 
across the river to our rear to support us about the time 
of the enemy's retreat, and moved forward with the 84th 
Illinois closely after my pursuing Regiments to give assist- 
ance if needed. Some other forces collected or crossed 
the river to my right and moved up the river bank in pur- 
suit of the enemy as my Regiments advanced. What forces 
these Were I have not learned. The Battery posted near 
the Brigade at the commencement of this day's fight, fired 
a few rounds, took a hasty leave from the field, and I have 
not made its acquaintance since. [^Artillery from the oppo- 
site side of the river rendered valuable aid by playing upon 
the enemy, both in his advance and retreat. Our loss this 
day was not large compared with that of the 31st, but that 
of the enemy was heavy. 

I cannot too favorably notice the coolness and prompt- 
ness of each and every field officer of the Brigade. They 
seemed to vie with each other which should most promptly 
execute every command, without regard to danger, ami the 
line officers and the men of the respective Regiments ap- 
peared to fear or know no danger. New and old regi- 
ments alike acted the heroic part, and braved every peril. 
Captain Weller, in command of the 24th Ohio, fell at his 
post on the last battle field, and left Captain Cockerill in 
command, who bravely and skillfully fulfilled his whole 



152 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 



duty, and as much may be said of Captain Woodward, who 
succeeded to the command of the 36th Indiana upon the 
fall of Major Kinley, at a critical and perilous moment in 
the first day's engagement. 

I am under lasting obligations to my Staff and Order- 
lies, for their efficient assistance during these several 
days' fighting. Captain Peden, 36th Indiana, is entitled 
to great 'Credit for the aid rendered me up to the time he 
fell, wounded, on the 31st. Lieutenant J. P. Duke of the 
23d Kentucky, also on my Staff, deserves a high mead of 
praise for promptness and aid rendered me at all times 



during the whole of these engagements. Dr. Silas H. 
Kersey, acting Brigade Surgeon, with unsurpassed indus- 
try and skill, has rendered invaluable assistance to the 
suffering wounded. My mounted Orderlies, Prank Brough. 
Prank Webb. Albert Wood. William D. Smith, Martin Mann, 
and Lewis Miller. of the 2nd Indiana Cavalry. George Shirk, 
and Isaac Bigelow. of the 36th Indiana Infantry, rendered 
me valuable services. But I am left to remember and 
lament with friends the fall, in this mighty struggle for 
human prowess, such brave spirits as Colonel Jones, Major 
Terry, Captain Weller. Captain Shultz, Captain King. Ad- 
jutant Williams. Lieutenant Poster. Lieutenant Ball. Lieu- 
tenant Abercrombie and others whose earthly conflicts 
have closed with these battles. I may truthfully add that 
I mourn with those that mourn, over these irreparable 
losses. To the brave wounded whose fate may or may not 
be uncertain, you have my earnest prayers for a speedy 
restoration. 

The casualties of the Brigade, as near as can be ascer- 
tained, are as follows: 



REGIMENTS. 


OFFICERS 
KILLED. 


officers 
w'nded. 


MEN 
KILLED. 


.M EN 
W'NDED. 


MEN 
MISSING. 


TOTAL. 


24th Ohio 


4 


4 


10 


68 


12 




23d Kentucky. . . . 




3 


8 


50 


22 


83 


84th Illinois 


2 


5 




1 1 9 


8 


167 


36th Indiana 


• > 


6 


23 


85 


18 


134 


6th Ohio 


2 


4 


23 


134 


14 


177 






Totals 


10 


22 


97 


456 


74 


659 



Lists of which, with the reports of the Regimental Com- 

i 



OFFICIAL REPORT OF CAPTAIN WOODWARD. L53 

manders, for further details, are herewith forwarded. 
I have the honor to remain your obedient servant, 

W. Grose, 
Col. Commanding Third Brig. (Old Tenth). 

THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER — REPORT OF CAPTAIN 

woodward. 

Headquarters 36th Reg*t Ind. Vols.. / 
January 6. 1H63. i 

Colonel W. Grose, Commanding Third Brigade: 

Sir : It devolves upon me, as the temporary commander 
of the 36th Regiment, to report the part taken by it in the 
recent engagements before Murf reesboro, and on the march 
thither. 

On the 28th ult.. we bivouacked on the west bank of 
Stuart's Creek, ten miles from Murfreesboro, and in sight 
of the enemy's Cavalry pickets. At an early hour the next 
morning. 29th ult., we moved forward in line of battle, and 
arrived within sight of the enemy's rifle-pits, two and a 
half miles from Murfreesboro, at 4 o'clock p. m. There 
we retained our position in front, the Regiment doing 
picket duty on the night of the 29th, and losing one man 
of Company D, wounded. We retained our position in front 
during the day and night of the 30th ult., losing one man 
of Company I. 

We were relieved on the morning of the 31st ult., by the 
9th Indiana Regiment, and at daylight of the same day our 
Regiment was called out under arms, expecting to partici- 
pate in a general attack on the enemy's position at Mur- 
freesboro. Just as we had formed our line, and were pre- 
paring to advance, a terrific fire on the right of our posi- 
tion disclosed the fact that the battle had opened. In 
compliance with orders from you. my Regiment counter- 
marched, changed front, and advanced to the edge of the 
cedar thicket, to the righl and rear of our first position, 
forming the right flank of the Brigade, where ii was evi- 
dent our services would soon be needed. Hardly had we 
taken our position, when the enemy was upon us. con 
cealed from the view of my men by the thick- undergrowth 
of cedar. The first indication they had of his presence 
was a volley from his muskets, which riddled our ranks. 



154 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

It was my impression that the 15th United States Infantry 
was in my front, as we had been informed that such was 
the fact on entering the thicket, hence the precaution of 
throwing out skirmishers had not been taken. Up to this 
time Major Isaac Kinley retained command of the Regi- 
ment, but at this point was severely, perhaps fatally, 
wounded, being struck in the thigh by a musket ball. 
Here, too. Captain A. D. Shultz. of Company B. fell mor- 
tally wounded, while bravely encouraging his men. and 
every mounted officer in the Regiment, except the Adju- 
tant, had his house shot under him. After delivering a 
few well-aimed volleys at the enemy, it became apparent 
that our position could not be held, the line having been al- 
ready confused by the 15th Regulars passing out between 
my left and the right of the 6th Ohio, and our right and left 
Hanks, as well as our front, being exposed to the enemy's 
fire. He quickly discovered his advantage and charged 
upon my Regiment with four times its number, compelling 
it to retire, cutting it off from the Brigade and separating 
two of my Companies (A and C) from the Regiment. The 
strongest efforts were made by all the officers of my Regi- 
ment to rally the men, and though their bravery was un- 
questioned, and they exhibited a strong disposition to 
maintain their ground, the fire of the enemy was too hot to 
admit of it; and they were retired to a point a short dis- 
tance from the scene of our first conflict. Here with the 
valuable assistance of Captain Gilbert Trusler and Adju- 
tant J. H. McClung, and other officers of the Regiment, I 
succeeded in forming our line, and again advanced, under 
a heavy fire, to the front. Not a man of my command 
flinched, and for eight long hours we assisted in maintain- 
ing our position against the furious assaults of the entmiy. 
First Lieutenant J. W. I. Smith and Second Lieutenant J. 
C. Byram, both of Company G, were wounded in the early 
part of the day. and compelled to retire from the field. 
At 4 o'clock' p. m.. the fire having slackened, we noted our 
condition and strength, and found that of four hundred 
and thirty commissioned officers and men. with whom we 
had entered the battle in the morning, two hundred and 
thirteen remained. This number was increased by the ar- 
rival of those who had become separated from the Regi- 
ment during the day to two hundred and eighty-three. 



OFFICIAL REPORT OF CAPTAIN WOODWARD. 1 5 ."> 

On the 1st of January. L863, we rested, and although my 
men were exposed to a heavy fire from the enemy's Artil- 
lery, during several hours of the day. none of them were 
killed or wounded. On the morning of the 2d, by your or- 
der, we moved across the river, taking a position on its 
northeast bank, behind a barricade constructed by my men. 
We had remained here but a few hours, when the enemy 
made a strong and sudden attack upon our position, from 
the direction of our right flank, while his Batteries to our 
righl gave my line a raking fire. Then by your order I 
changed position, moving by the left flank a distance of 
two hundred yards. It was a terrible struggle; but the 
terrific fire to which the enemy was exposed for an hour, 
c< >mpelled his lines to break and retire in disorder. At this 
juncture, my men were ordered to charge the enemy, which 
they did with alacrity, halting not until darkness put an 
end to the pursuit. Captain J. H. King, of Company G. 
was killed in this last engagement, while gallantly encour- 
aging his men at the barricade. He died nobly, bravely. 

( )ur loss. Colonel, in this series of engagements, is as fol- 
lows : 

The killed were: Captain J. H. King, of Company G — 
shol through the head, ball entering above the left eye- 
Captain A. D. Shultz. Company B — shot through both 
hips. 

Company A. — Privates Henry Maner, shot in the head, 
and Jesse Shackle, killed by a cannon ball taking off his 
left leg. 

Company B. — Privates Andrew Fisher. Benjamin F. 
Warrington, and Robert G. Lake. 

Company C. -Private Absalom Julian. 

Company D. — Private Austin W. James. 

Company E. — Corporal William Kichler; Privates 
James E. Wood. Thomas *E Kent (musket shot through 
the shoulder, and bayoneted), and John H. Leavell ; the 
latter burned to death a house on the held, in which he 
was lying wounded, taking fire and burning to the ground 
before he could be rescued. 

Company F. — Corporal David Furry and Private John 
( l-antz. 

Company H. — Privates Henry Williams. Jacob Eckhart 
and John McGlinn. 



156 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Company I. — Sergeant William Davidson, shot through 
the head ; Privates Samuel Thornton and Joseph Haines, 
the latter by a cannon ball. 

Company K. — Sergeant James A. Steele ; Privates John 
Hall. John N. Johnson, and Isaiah Hawhee. 
Total killed. 25. 

The wounded are ; Major Kinley. 

Captain Milton Peden. Company K. Topographical En- 
gineer, Third Brigade — flesh wound in thigh. 

First Lieutenant J. W. I. Smith — right thumb shot 
away. Second Lieutenant J. C. Byram — flesh wound in 
leg ; both of Company G. 

First Lieutenant Charles M. Davis, slightly, in the leg. 
Second Lieutenant J. Ross, in the leg, and collar bone 
broken ; both of Company K. 

Company A. — Corporals George Warrick, flesh wound 
in leg. and Franklin Elliott, flesh wound in thigh. Privates 
Samuel Bell, flesh wound in arm. and Wilson McKinney, 
slightly in groin. 

Company B. — Corporal Ephraim McLaughlin, leg shat- 
tered seriously. Privates Robert Johnson, in face, badly ; 
Jacob Kisling, slightly on head ; John H. Powers, in leg. 
slightly ; William H. H. Ritchie, in thigh, badly : Peter 
Raisinger, in leg. badly, and John M. Tamsett, in shoulder, 
badly. 

Company C. — Privates George Hazzard. severely in 
thigh : William Weber, in leg, severely ; Lorenzo D. Shep- 
herd, in leg, slightly ; Henry Reichart, in shoulder, slightly ; 
Tabor W. Ginn, in shoulder, slightly; Abraham Miller. 
Robert Burns. James Vores, William Hooton. all in hand, 
slightly ; Henry Henderson, in knee, slightly. 

Company D. — Sergeants George Cantly, in leg. slightly ; 
David Byers. in foot, slightly ; Thomas M. Swain, in leg ; 
Corporal Anson Bird, in breast, slightly. Privates A. D. 
Lacey, in hand ; John Lockridge, in both legs, seriously : 
Samuel F. Pike, three fingers shot off ; Henry Groves, in 
hand, slightly ; Erie Lamb, in leg. 

( Jompany E. — Sergeants E. W. Parkinson, in arm. slight- 
ly ; Thomas Benbo. slightly, in hand. Privates Isaac D. 
Reeney. in hand, slightly; Jeremiah Hayes, in thigh and 
leg, badly ; Charles Conoway, arm broken ; Edward Taylor, 



OFFICIAL REPORT OF CAPTAIN WOODWARD. 1 ."7 

in thigh, badly ; A. H. Grove, in jaw, badly ; B. F. Weaver, 
in hand, slightly ; L. B. Mannis, in leg, slightly. 

Company F. — Sergeant James Porter, in ankle, slightly ; 
Corporals Isaac J. Farquhar, in groin, slightly; William 
Lowe, in bead, slightly. Privates Aaron Hughes, in both 
anus, seriously; William F. Robinson, in arms and leg. se- 
verely: Francis C. Diggs. in thigh, slightly; Joshua W. 
Stevenson, in ankle, severely; Reuben W. Ray, on head. 
slightly : Joseph Miller, in hand, slightly. 

Company G. — Sergeant William H. Duvall. on head, 
slightly ; Corporal Albert Parvis. in small of back*, slightly. 
Privates John M. Hathaway, in foot, slightly; Levi J. 
Pentecost, in thigh, slightly; Douglas E. Ball, in breast. 
supposed mortally ; John Snyder, in leg, slightly ; Perry 
( '. Mallory. in log. slightly ;. Joseph Gossett. in leg, slightly ; 
Abraham M. Miller, in foot^ slightly ; James Ashworth. in 
hip, supposed mortally. 

Company H. — First Sergeant George Mullikan. slightly. 
Sergeants Rhoderic B. Carr and George S. Violet, slight- 
ly. Corporals Stanhope Limpus. George M. Hathaway 
and William Jordon, slightly. Privates John A. Woods. 
seriously; Lewis Langston. Harrison Violet, James H. 
Sutton. Michael Conner. Lyman A. Frink, Charles Webb, 
Milton L. Stephens. Albert Cully and J. Schaeffer, are 
slightly wounded. 

Company I. — Sergeant Isaac Dulhagen. in head and 
band, slightly. Corporal Newton Johns, in leg. slightly. 
Privates Jacob Thornton, in shoulder and thigh, seriously ; 
Meredith Berry, in hand, slightly : Isaac Lester, in hand, 
slightly. 

Company K. — Sergeant Milton Thornburg. in leg, slight- 
ly. Corporal William Klynn. slightly. Privates George 
W. Bates, in thigh, slightly; William Sherry, in Leg, slight- 
ly; Calvin Cross, in thigh, slightly; W. H. S. Woods, in 
leg, slightly. 

The missing are: Corporal John Little. Privates Joseph 
Bainie and James C. Thorn. Company B. ; Private Noah 
\V. Coon. Company I). ; Sergeanl John 11. Erwin, Privates 
B. C. Hornaday. George Gephart, Joseph Jenkins and D. 
S. Erwin, of Company E. ; Privates Isaiah L. Smith. John 
Zimmer and Thomas Lawless, of Company F. ; Privates 



L58 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Charles C. Wilson. James M. Talbert and Sanford Limpus, 
of Company G ; Privates Emory Mullen and Charles L. 
Scott, of Company I. ; Private Franklin Threewits, of Com- 
pany K. 

Total missing 1 , 18. 

Total loss in killed, wounded and missing, 134. 

Respectfully, 

Pyrrhus Woodward, 
Captain Commanding. 

As this great battle of Stone River was the most im- 
portant of any in the West, and the most destructive of 
life and property, and the time has arrived when the 
truth of history can be realized and told to a certainty, 
without injustice to any but justice to all, a further 
statement of the movements at that battle may be of 
interest, especially to those who participated in the 
same and know whereof we speak. 

On the 29th General Crittenden advanced his Corps 
from Stewart's Creek, with Wood's Division on the left 
of the Murfreesboro pike and Palmer's on the right 
of it ; Wagner's Brigade of the former and Grose's of 
the latter were deployed in front and drove the enemy's 
skirmishers before them upon their main line of battle. 
Late in the afternoon these Divisions halted about two 
and a half miles from Murfreesboro, the Division and 
Brigade commanders having observed indications of an 
Army in position in their immediate front. They at 
once deployed their troops in line of battle and in- 
formed the Corps commander of the appearance of 
things and their action. At night General Rosecrans 
ordered General Crittenden to occupy the town of Mur- 
freesboro that night with one of his Divisions and 
camp the others two miles outside. At dark this order 
reached General Crittenden at the front. He at once 
prepared for its prompt execution and designated Wood's 
Division for the advance. Wood and other officers pro- 



THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER. L59 

tested, but the order was imperative and Crittenden at 
tirsl declined to suspend it. but upon a second appeal 
he did suspend it for an hour and dispatched to Gen- 
eral Rosecrans for further consideration of such an at- 
tempt in the night time, over unknown ground and an 
Army of the enemy in position between us and the 
rily. General Rosecrans came up and finally counter- 
manded the order himself, and the troops returned to 
i heir former positions. 

On the next evening we were reminded again of this 
occurrence by a very similar one. A Captain in one of 
the Regiments of the Third Brigade was on picket duty 
with his Company, at the Burnt House, about equi-dis- 
fcant between the tw T o Armies; the rebels also had pick- 
ets out and they kept up a fire at the Captain and his 
Company, and for safety he had to keep under cover, 
but the annoyance became so continuous that the Cap 
lain sent in to his commanding officer, telling him of his 
disturbance, and requested that another Company be 
sent to him, and "he woidd move on them fellows and 
and clean them out. *' His officer reminded the Captain 
thai the whole rebel Army was over there a little be- 
yond him, and he had better not advance too far in the 
cleaning out business, for fear he might get cleaned 
out himself. General Wood, one of the bravest of the 
brave, more cautious than the Captain, thought il too 
great a risk to move through the rebel Army after 
night with one Division, for the pleasure of camping in 
Murfreesboro, so he protested. 

The Left Wing, during the 30th, maintained about the 
position assume, | the previous evening; there was a 
slight change in Palmer's Division, which was advanced 
a short distance againsl spirited opposition. It was 
now evident that the two Armies were in close proxim- 
ity, and for battle. During the day there was heavy 



160 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

skirmishing in front of the troops in position, and the 
Right Wing met strong resistance in the advance to the 
position assigned to it. and at intervals, from right to 
left of the whole, Batteries responded to each other, and 
where the main lines were parallel they reciprocally 
felt the fire of small arms. 

On the battle front lines of the Union Army. Wood's 
Division was next to the river, Hascall's Brigade on 
the extreme left, Biarker's the center and Wagner's con- 
necting with Palmer's left at the turnpike. Palmer's 
was formed with Grose's Brigade in the noted cotton 
field on the left; Craft's on the right connected with 
Negley's Division, and Hazen's in reserve. Miller's Bri- 
gade, of Negley's Division, connected with Craft, Van 
Cleve, of the Left Wing, in reserve. 

Of this great battle our General commanding it says, 
in his official report thereof : ' ' We moved on the 
enemy with the following forces: Infantry, 41,421; Ar- 
tillery, 2,223; Cavalry, 3.296; total, 46,940." McCook, 
Thomas and Crittenden were Corps commanders of In- 
fantry and Artillery from right to left of our line in 
the order named, and as formed on the morning of De- 
cember 31st. Stanley was in command of the Cavalry. 
Our Divisions were commanded by such noted Generals 
as our own Davis, Johnson, Sheridan, Rousseau, Negley, 
Wood, Palmer and Van Cleve. A couple of these were 
wounded during the battle, and supplanted by the Bri- 
gade commanders. Our forces had no barricades nor 
breastworks, but had been in line, most of them, twenty 
four hours before the battle commenced. The enemy 
had breastworks covering their front from the river to 
the west as far as to our right. We marched into the 
trap set for us. Thus the enemy could hold his front 
fortified line with a third or half his force, and throw the 
remainder in columns of Regiments on our right flank, 



THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER. 11)1 

and "roll us up," or rather take us in reverse, and 
drive our Line in great disorder, as he did, until our en- 
tire line from the right, including McCook*s Corps on 
the right and Thomas' Corps in the center, and includ- 
ing the First Brigade General Cruft, of Palmer's Sec- 
ond Division of the Left Wing. That left Colonel 
Hazen\s Second Brigade of Palmer's Division to the 
right and west of the railroad, and General Wood's Di- 
vision to the left and east of the railroad, as the only 
remaining force in shape upon our battle line of the 
morning. The Third Brigade of Palmer's Division had 
been placed in reserve in the proper place, covering 
the center, between Cruft's and Hazen's Brigades, and 
as the crash and rolling up was approaching, the Third 
Brigade changed front to the right, near to and east of 
the cedars, and at right angle with the right of Colonel 
Hazen's Brigade and perpendicular to the main line of 
the morning. Quickly after this formation the enemy 
came in heavy force, and one after another continued 
the attacks. These two Brigades of Palmer's Division 
and Wood's Division maintained these positions through- 
out the day, assisted largely by our Artillery, and the 
return of General Van Cleve's Division of the Left 
Wing, from across Stone River, where it had been 
ordered, which prolonged this new line parallel to the 
railroad and Nashville pike. Thus, when the enemy 
were drawn from the protection of the breastworks or 
barricades, and the advantage they had thereby in the 
morning, and were compelled to keep every part of 
their line with full force, they ceased to drive our 
forces, and in turn took a little trot off south them 
selves, on Saturday morning, starting early. Our com- 
manding ' General of this haul.' says, in his official re- 
port : 

••At daylight on the morning of the 31st the troops 



162 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

breakfasted and stood at their arms, and by 7 o'clock 
were preparing for the battle. The movements began 
on the left by Van Cleve, who crossed at the lower 
fords. Wood prepared to sustain and follow him. The 
enemy, meanwhile, had prepared to attack General Mc- 
Cook, and by 6:30 o'clock advanced in heavy columns — 
Regimental front — his left attacking Willich's and Kirk's 
Brigades of Johnson's Division, which, being disposed 
as shown on the map. thin and light, without support, 
were, after a sharp but fruitless contest, crumbled to 
pieces and driven back, leaving Edgerton's and part of 
Goodspeed's Battery in the hands of the enemy. " Not 
inconsistent with the foregoing. General Bragg, who 
commanded the rebel Army, says : 

"The enemy was taken completely by surprise; Gen- 
eral and Staff officers were not mounted ; Artillery 
horses not hitched, and Infantry not formed. A hot and 
inviting breakfast of coffee and other luxuries, to which 
our gallant and hardy men had long been strangers, was 
found upon the fire unserved, and was left while we 
pushed on to the enjoyment of a more inviting feast, 
that of captured Artillery, fleeing Battalions, and hosts 
of craven prisoners, begging for their lives." 

Comrades of the 36th, these scenes thus described 
transpired on the right of your battle line, over a mile 
distant from your position, and you stand without blame. 
Had you men and officers of the Third Brigade. Hazen's 
Second Brigade and Wood's Division, neglected duty, 
your respective commands might have "crumbled to 
pieces," and been overcome, but you have the record 
that that part of the Left Wing maintained essentially 
the position assumed the previous evening, and extended 
its labors to the end on Friday, the second of January, 
across the river against the force under the command 
of John C. Breckenridge, an Ex-Vice President of the 



THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER. 163 

United States, engaged in rebellion to destroy his gov- 
ernment. 

General Polk, of the Confederate Army, commanding 
the force in front of our Left Wing, in his official report 
says of his troops on his right and next to the river : 
"In its front lay the right of General Palmer's Division 
of General Crittenden's Corps, which constituted the left 
wing of the enemy's line of battle. The general move- 
ment from the left having reached Chalmers' Brigade, 
it was ordered to attack, and its reserve, under General 
Donelson, was directed to move forward to its support. 
All the line in their front was carried, except the ex- 
treme left. This point, which was the key to the ene- 
my's position, and which was known as the 'Round For- 
est," was attacked by the right of the Brigade. It was 
met by a fire from artillery and musketry which mowed 
down more than half its numbers." We are willing to 
have these statements of General Polk stand as true, 
but when he gives as a reason for not being successful 
that we were receiving large re-enforcements, then he 
was at fault for making statements that he had no evi- 
dence to support. General Rosecrans says in his report : 
'•It is evident that we fought superior numbers." 

General Rosecrans gives the loss of his forces at the 
battle of Stone River as follows: Killed — officers. 92 ; 
enlisted men, 1.441; total. 1,533. Lost in wounded — 
officers, 384; enlisted men. 6,861 : total. 7. l'4.") ; total killed 
and wounded. 8,778. Estimated loss in prisoners. L\800; 
total loss, killed, wounded and prisoners, 11,578. This 
probably includes all after leaving Nashville on the 26th 
of December, and the missing. 

The 36th Indiana and (5th Ohio held the enemy in 
check long enough to afford time for the other three 
Regiments of the Brigade. 84th Illinois. 24th Ohio and 
23d Kentucky, and Batteries H and M. Company 4th. U. 



164 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

S. Artillery, to be put in position to meet the coming 
struggle as the enemy advanced and drove the two 
Regiments from the cedars and met the second line and 
Parsons" guns in the open field. It was the most fear- 
ful destruction of life that the writer of these lines wit- 
nessed during the war. The enemy was repulsed a first, 
second and third time, driven from the field into the 
cedars, and about the time of the second repulse help 
came and prolonged the line to the right, and the posi- 
tion of the Brigade was maintained until the shades of 
night put an end to the strife. The ground of this ter- 
rible contest was covered with the dead, dying and 
wounded, and by mutual consent each party went upon 
the field after nightfall and removed its wounded. The 
loss in the two front Regiments was heavy. Both the 
Regimental commanders were wounded. Major Kinley 
seriously with a broken thigh bone, and Lieutenant Col- 
onel Anderson painfully, also in the thigh. Two Regi- 
ments never did harder fighting or showed more bravery, 
in any war. than the 36th Indiana and 6th Ohio did in 
this Stone River battle. We may say the other three 
Regiments and the Batteries also fought to the death, 
and helped win the day. 

The following is an extract from the official report of 
General Hascall, commanding a Brigade in General 
Wood's Division : 

Colonel Hazen, commanding a Brigade in General Pal- 
mer's Division, was present with his Brigade to the right 
of the railroad, and Colonel Grose, commanding another 
Brigade in the same Division, was also present with his 
Brigade, and most nobly did he co-operate with me. with 
the 6th and 24th Ohio, to the right of the railroad. * * * 
I then threw forward the right of the 6th Ohio Regiment 
(of Colonel Grose's Brigade), which was on the right of the 
26th Ohio, so that its line of battle was more nearly perpen- 
dicular to the railroad, and so its fire would sweep the front 



THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER. L65 

of the 26th Ohio and 58th Indiana, and supported the 6th 
Ohio with Estep's Battery, on a little eminence to its right, 
and brought up the 97th Ohio. Colonel Lane, from Wag- 
ner's Brigade, to still further strengthen the right. These 
dispositions being made. I galloped a little to the rear and 
found General Rosecrans, and called his attention to the 
importance of the position I was holding, and the necessity 
of keeping it well supported. He rode to the front with 
me. approved of the dispositions I had made, spoke a few 
words of encouragement to the men. cautioning them to 
hold their tire until the enemy had got well up, and had no 
sooner retired than the enemy emerged from the woods and 
over the hill, and were moving upon us again in splendid 
style and in great force. As soon as they came in sight. 
the 6th and 26th Ohio and Estep's Battery opened on them 
and did splendid execution; but on they came till within 
one hundred yards of our line, when Colonel Buell. of the 
58th Indiana (a very large Regiment), who had lost three 
men. but had not fired a gun. ordered his men to fire. The 
effect is indescribable. The enemy fell in winrows, and 
went staggering back from the effects of this unexpected 
volley. Soon, however, they came up again and assaulted 
us furiously for about one and a half hours ; but the men 
all stood their ground nobly, and. at the end of that time, 
compelled the enemy to retire as before. 

Had Hascall's. Hazen's or Grose's Brigade given way. 
the battle would have been lost, at least for that day. 
The 6th and 24th Ohio were loaned to Colonel Hazen at 
about 11 o'clock by Colonel Grose, to whose Brigade 
they belonged. Hence it was that the 6th and 24th 
Ohio were so near to Colonel Hascall's Brigade; they 
were then fighting in Colonel Hazen's Brigade. 

On Friday, the 2d, the Brigade was again thrown 
across the river and took pari in repelling the heavy 
attack made by the force under Breckenridge againsl 
Van Cleve's Division and sonic other Union troops on 
that side of the river. The front line of the Brigade 
was driven back by the overwhelming numbers of Breck- 



166 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

enridge, until it was upon the second and rear line, the 
84th Illinois and 6th Ohio, of our Brigade, which had 
hurriedly built some barricades, and all the forces were 
put in position on that line, including- a portion of Van 
Cleve's Division that rallied from the assault. Thus 
Grose's Brigade was, all that could be rallied, in line. 
Colonel Waters, of the 84th Illinois, with a large Regi- 
ment not yet in action on that day. led off with a de- 
termined attack on the rebel lines, and with the assist- 
ance of about fifty guns, to the right and rear across 
the river, the enemy was met, repulsed, driven from the 
field and pressed closely one mile. Night came on. the 
conflict ended and the great battle was over, with heavy 
loss to the rebels on that afternoon, the Union loss not 
large. 

Saturday, the 3d, was rainy. Bragg took his Friday's 
punishment very sorely, and when Sunday morning 
dawned, it was discovered that he had withdrawn during 
the day and night, and was now in full retreat upon 
Shelbyville and Tullahoma. Grose's Regiments re- 
crossed Stone river, and, like the rest of the Army, be- 
gan the sad work of searching for their own dead, to 
honor them with special burial, and then of hunting out 
their widely-scattered wounded. Within a day or two 
the whole Army moved into and beyond Murfreesboro. 
and there sat down to rest, to count its losses over, and 
prepare for whatsoever else of soldier's duty the future 
might have in store for it. 



CHAPTER VII. 

OPERATIONS DURING THE ARMY'S ENCAMPMENT AT 
MURFREESBORO — GENERAL CRITTENDEN'S COMMAND 
DISPOSED SO AS TO COVER THE LIBERTY AND LEBA- 
NON TURNPIKES, THE LEFT RESTING ON STONE 
RIVER. 

Attention was first given to the recuperation and re- 
inforcement of the Army. The wounded, able to be 
moved, were sent to Nashville and farther north as 
rapidly as possible, while the severely wounded were 
cared for in such of the public buildings of the town as 
were not preoccupied by the enemy for the same pur- 
pose, and in large field hospitals in the vicinity, pre- 
pared for the occasion. 

While the Army was at Murfreesboro the most ex- 
tensive fortifications were projected and completed dur- 
ing the term of comparative inactivity which followed. 
The strongest types of earthworks were prepared be- 
tween the town and Stone River and were commanded 
by a succession of forts These extensive defenses 
could have been held by the Army of the Cumberland. 
if fully provisioned, against any Army of the world, 
but no great Army ever had an opportunity of repel- 
ling a greater force through their help. The necessity 
or propriety of such extensive works has never been 
discovered. 

No general engagemenf being imminent, the enemy's 
Cavalry was exceedingly active in embarrassing the 
concentration of our forces and in expeditions against 
the communications of our Army. A portion of Mor- 
gan's command, it was learned, were at Woodbury on 



168 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the McMinnville road, and the Third Brigade received 
orders on January 23d to march in that direction and 
see if Morgan's forces could be found. At 4 p. in.. 
Colonel Grose with the Brigade, except the 36th In- 
diana, absent with a. supply train to Nashville, moved 
out on the Ready ville road, marched ten miles to that 
village and bivouacked for the night. The report of 
Colonel Grose, will give the particulars of the move- 
ments on the 24th ^as follows : 

Headquarters Third Brigade, Second 

Division. Left Wing. Fourteenth Army 
Corps, near Murfreesboro. Tenn.. 

January 28, 1863, | 
Captain D. W. Norton. 

Acting Ass't Adft Gen.: 

Sir: I have the honor to r jport the part this Brigade 
took in the engagement at Woodbury, this State, on the 
24th irist. According to orders I left camp near Murfrees- 
boro, at 4 o'clock p. m. on the 23d. with the 6th Ohio. Col- 
onel Christopher, 23d Kentucky. Major Hamrick, S4th Illi- 
nois, Major Morton. 24th Ohio. Captain Cockerill's and 
Parsons' Battery. Lieutenants Cushmg and Huntington, 
(the 36th Indiana absent to Nashville, with supply train). 
We marched that night to Ready ville. ten miles, and biv 
ouacked until 5 o'clock next m >rning, when, according to 
the General's order, we crossed the river there and took 
position on the other side, upon the Woodbury pike; our 
skirmishers feeling their way into the woodland in front. 
before daylight, where the enemy was known to have been 
the evening before. The other forces that were to have 
co-operated with us not being up. we there rested until H 
o'clock, when the General arrived, and we moved forward 
on the pike toward Woodbury, yet six miles distant, where 
the enemy was supposed to be in force, variously estimated 
at from one to six thousand. The Second Brigade Colonel 
Hazen's. under command of Colonel Blake, came up and 
moved forward, close in our rear, the 23d Kentucky and 
24th Ohio, of my Brigade, taking the advance with two 

j 



A FIGHT WITH MORGAN'S MEN. L69 

companies from each thrown forward as skirmishers, on 
either side of the road. After advancing about three miles 
we came to the enemy's outpost, and skirmishing com- 
menced: we advanced, however, cautiously and steadily. 
driving the enemy to within one mile of the town, where 
we found him posted in considerable numbers, behind a 
double stone fence with a deep ravine in his rear, forming 
complete protection against our small arms. My two front 
Regiments with the skirmishers gained the crest of some 
high ground on the road, which off to the left raised to a 
high hill, tin' 23d Kentucky on the left and the 24th Ohio 
on the right, in line about 550 yards distant from the enemy 
behind the stone fences ; the 6th Ohio and 84th Illinois in 
reserve in rear. Colonel Blake now came up and put in 
position- the 41st Ohio and 6th Kentucky to my left on the 
high hill, driving the enemy's skirmishers therefrom, as 
he advanced. At this time a general heavy firing was kept 
up on both sides, all along the line, our men sheltered by 
the crest of the hill, the enemy by the stone fences, so but 
little injury was being sustained on either side. I then re- 
quested, and the General sent me two pieces of Captain 
Cockcrill's Battery, under command of Lieutenant Osborn. 
who soon paid his compliments to the stone fences and 
those behind them, causing the enemy to "retire" in-con- 
tused double quick. We pursued to the farther side of 
the town. The enemy being all Cavalry, could easily move 
out of our way. He was perhaps about 1.000 strong, with 
no Artillery. My forces met no serious injury. We found 
thai the enemy had lest Lieutenant Colonel Hutchison, one 
Captain and three men killed, on the field, the former in 
command of the forces at the place, and heard of others 
being carried off killed or wounded ; one we saw. mortally 
wounded, left in the town. 

My men having had so much desperate lighting recently 
with the enemy, we might well have doubted a desire again 
to engage him. but I am proud to say. every officer and 
man, with energy and alacrity, moved upon the discharge 
<>f his whole duly. Captain Boden, 23d Kentucky, and 
Lieutenanl Dryden, 24th Ohio, I noticed as prompt and effi- 
cient commanders of the front skirmish lines, and perhaps 
to some one of their men belongs the credit of killing Col- 



170 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

onel Hutchison, as he was killed by a minie ball at an early 
stage of the skirmishing. 

Allow me to call attention to the want of the co-operation 
of the Cavalry that was to have acted with our forces, as 
the cause of our not capturing the enemy. 

I am, your obedient servant. W. Grose, 

Col. commanding Third Brig. 
Richard Southgate, 
Capt. and A. A. A. G., Third Brig. 

In the evening- the Brigade and other troops retired 
to the river at Readyville, six miles, and rested for the 
night, remaining there until the evening of the 26th, when 
the command returned to camp near Murfreesboro. amid 
as heavy a rainstorm as even soldiers desire to meet in 
January. 

On February 4th the 36th Indiana and 6th Ohio, under 
command of Lieutenant Colonel Carey, were escort for a 
forage train, and found abundance of corn, but no fight. 
These forage expeditions were frequent during the stay 
about Murfreesboro, and these two Regiments were 
many times escort, and generally brought the corn. 

On April 3d another reconnoissance was made by the 
Third Brigade to look after rebel Cavalry at Woodbury.' 
The 36th Indiana and 84th Illinois went forward to 
Short Mountain under command of Colonel Waters, of 
the latter Regiment, and all returned to camp by way 
of Bradyville on the 7th. They found no enemy in 
force during the trip. On the morning of the 12th of 
May the Brigade changed camp and moved to Cripple 
Creek, at which the quarters were new and comfortable, 
and we were near neighbors of Colonel Cruft, with his 
Brigade of the same Division. On the 14th the Bri- 
gade commander, with the 36th Indiana and 24th Ohio, 
put in the day as scouts northeast to Liberty turnpike. 
They came in sight of some "horse soldiers," who rode 
rapidly away and declined any friendship with the 



IN CAMP AT CRIPPLE CREEK. 171 

Union boys. They found no formidable numbers of the 
enemy. 

When expecting and preparing for a general advance 
of the Army south, the line officers of the 80th Indiana. 
<»u the 20th of June, then in camp at Cripple Creek, 
had obtained and presented to their Colonel commading 
the Brigade a fine sword and belt, in token of their 
confidence in and esteem for him. which, as a souvenir. 
can be seen at any time by any comrade in the parlor 
at the General's home in New Castle. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

FROM CRIPPLE CREEK TO THE TENNESSEE RIVER AND 
ACROSS TO WHITESIDE STATION — THE BATTLE OF 
CHICAMAUGA. 

On June 24th the Army of the Cumberland struck 
tents and moved south, the Third Brigade via Brady- 
ville and Hollow Springs to Manchester, and remained 
in that vicinity, scouting occasionally, repairing rail- 
roads, cutting ties and wood largely for the railroads, 
until August 17th, when the general advance commenced. 
The Third Brigade, with the Division, moved across 
Collins River, ascended the Cumberland Mountain to 
Rickeys, thence to Dunlap in the Sequatchee Valley, 
where the gray horse "Stony," of Colonel Grose, 
wounded at Stone River, died, and was buried with the 
honors of war. 

On September 1st. the Brigades of Cruft and Grose left 
Dunlap and marched down the Sequatchee Valley on 
the Jasper Road to within five miles of that town. On 
the od Grose's Brigade moved ten miles to the mouth 
of Battle Creek, at the Tennessee River. We arrived 
there at dark, with orders to cross the river that night. 
There were no pontoons nor boats to assist in crossing 
a deep, heavy river two hundred yards wide. After a 
lunch for supper,* all hands went to work to prepare to 
cross. A squad of men was dispatched to Bridgeport, 
six miles below, to procure two pontoons of General 
Davis, whose Division was there to cross the same night, 
the pontoons to be used to swim the horses by in cross 
ing. Strong details were made to build rafts upon 
which to cross the men. baggage and Artillery, two Bat- 



ASCENT OF LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. 173 

teries. A large barn of hewn logs near by was soon 
appropriated to build the rafts. The work was success- 
ful and all the four Regiments, Artillery and baggage 
was safely over at daylight next morning and formed in 
position of defence within hearing of the wheels of the 
rebel Army moving on the turnpike one mile and a 
quarter from the position of the Brigade, which was not 
noisy that morning until the enemy had passed by and 
a connection was made with the Union forces that were 
upon the pike following the enemy from Bridgeport. 
General Cruft was to have crossed at Shell Mound, five 
miles farther up the river, but there was too much en- 
emy for that, until the Union force from Bridgeport, 
with the Third Brigade, came up and made it safe for 
crossing at Shell Mound, which was soon done and all 
followed the rebel Army. 

A short delay at Shell Mound gave the opportunity to 
many of the two Brigades to visit the celebrated Nick- 
ajack Cave, near by. In the afternoon Cruft's and 
Grose's Brigades advanced eastwardly up the stream, 
called Falling Waters, seven miles, to the burnt bridge 
at Whiteside Station. On the 6th the Third Brigade 
moved southward up "Murphy's Hollow." which is a 
narrow gap in the Raccoon Mountains, into Lookout 

« Valley, marched seven miles and bivouacked on the 
Chattanooga and Trenton turnpike, seven miles from the 
latter place and eighteen from the former. Here it lay 
all next day in readiness to support Wood's Division, 
which had moved along the railroad from Whiteside 
Station, and the rebels were in force on Lookout Moun- 
tain. On the 8th Grose's Brigade moved five miles to- 
ward Chattanooga, to Hawkins' farm, and on the 9th as- 
cended Lookout Mountain, three of his Regiments, the 
24th Ohio. 23d Kentucky and 84th Illinois. They reached 

, the summit, nine miles from Chattanooga, and surprised 



174 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the rebel picket post so that they left their dinner on 
the fire cooking. The dinner consisted of roasting-ears 
in several large sugar kettles, upon a pole over the fire. 
They had no time to take nor destroy it. One of the 
advance Yankees called out to the fleeing enemy, "'Here. 
Johnny, you forgot your corn. " The Yankies did better ; 
they did not forget the corn, which made a good dinner 
for them. The Brigade advanced northward on the 
Mountain, driving* the rebel Cavalry as they went. The 
24th Ohio, having the advance, succeeded in getting a 
few shots at the enemy's pickets as they hastily re- 
treated. The preconcerted signal, to indicate that the 
ridge was clear of rebels, was then given to the troops 
lying in the valley below, and they began moving by 
the main wagon-road across the ''Nose of Lookout" — 
the bluff extremity of the mountain abutting on the 
Tennessee. Says an officer of the Third Brigade : ' ' The 
prospect that met our view when we reached Summer- 
town was grand beyond description. We were upon a 
high, bold bluff, nearly two thousand feet above the 
Tennessee River. The city of Chattanooga, almost de- 
serted, was only two and a half miles distant, and so 
much beneath us that we could look down into all its 
streets. Long lines of dust marked the road upon which 
the enemy was retreating, and a few miles to the east- 
ward rose the thickly-wooded slopes of Missionary 
Ridge, with the Pigeon and Chattagutta Mountains far 
in the distance beyond. Broad and fertile valleys, or 
coves, lay between the mountain ranges, beautiful in 
their quiet repose, and not yet entirely devastated by 
the terrible simoon of civil war. It was a lovely pic- 
ture. " Toward evening the Regiments descended by the 
road leading to Chattanooga, and, rejoining the Division, 
moved across Chattanooga Valley and out on the road to 
Rossville, near which place the whole command en- 
camped after a day's march of sixteen miles. 



MANEUVERING ABOUT CHATTANOOGA. 175 

General Rosecrans now had the objective of the cam- 
paign in possession. The ease with which Chattanooga 
had been occupied was ominous of great peril. General 
Rosecrans accepted as true the first report that Bragg 
was retreating on Rome, beyond the Coosa River, over 
sixty miles from Chattanooga, when in fact he was con- 
centrating his forces at Lafayette, about half the dis- 
tance from the too much extended front of the Army 
of General Rosecrans. So the prize so skillfully won 
was frittered away and it was soon discovered that 
Bragg, with re-enforcements, was strongly in front of 
the Left Wing of Rosecrans' scattered Army. 

On September 10th, Crittenden's Corps having been 
ordered to follow up the enemy vigorously on the 
Ringgold turnpike. Palmer's Division moved through a 
gap in Missionary Ridge, but halted at the end of ten 
miles, to wait for rations, and bivouacked near Grays - 
ville. which is on East Chickamauga Creek, about twelve 
miles east of Rossville. Rebel Cavalry was encountered 
soon after starting in the morning, and a body of them 
charged the advance, rode pell-mell over four Compan- 
ies of the 1st Kentucky Infantry, captured fifty men 
and two officers and escaped with them unharmed. On 
that evening it was definitely settled that the main 
force of the Confederate Army w T as in the vicinity of 
Lafayette, with an advance toward Lee and Gordon's 
Mills on West Chicamauga Creek. General Wood with 
his Division was immediately sent to Lee and Gordon's 
Mills to reconnoiter and to continue there until further 
orders. The result of General Wood's reconnoissance, 
with information from other sources, satisfied General 
Rosecrans of the proximity and fearful strength of 
Bragg's Army, and it was a matter of life and death to 
have a speedy concentration of the Divisions of the 
Union Army. During four or five days that Bragg was 



176 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

waiting for accessions, if he had. advanced upon Thomas 
or Crittenden and crushed both in quick succession, and 
then attacked McCook alone, who was not in reach to 
have helped either of the others, the Army of the Cum- 
berland could have been beaten, if not destroyed. But 
Bragg's delay was the salvation of the Army of the 
Cumberland. 

On the 11th Palmer's Division advanced to Ringgold, 
Wilder's Brigade and Van Cleve's Division in front. On 
the 12th the Third Brigade followed General Wood to 
the vicinity of Lee and Gordon's Mills, and all of Pal- 
mer's Division was soon near by. Crittenden's position 
was now dangerous in the extreme, on account of its 
isolation. 

In the effort to defeat Rosecrans in detail Bragg's 
first combination was directed against Thomas, and this 
fact doubtless saved Crittenden's Corps, which was in 
air, without protection to its left and not in a situation 
to resist an attack of Bragg's Army with larger num- 
bers. McCook's Corps was at the same time at Alpine 
in complete isolation and not far from the main body 
of the rebel Army. 

On September 14th, in obedience to orders. Palmer's 
and Van Cleve's Divisions were moved westward to ' ' the 
southern spur of Missionary Ridge, so as to command 
the valley of Chattanooga Creek" (beyond the ridge), 
whence General Thomas was communicated with upon 
the right. The Second Division this day marched 
about eight miles, reaching its assigned position on 
Chattanooga Creek between 8 and 9 o'clock in the 
morning. On September 15th, disappointed by his fail- 
ure in a promising attempt to strike Thomas unawares, 
as his Divisions pushed across McLemore's Cove to 
Dug Gap in the Pigeon Mountains, the enemy was 
found to have withdrawn from the front between Crit- 



THE BATTLE OF CHICAMAUGA. 177 

tenden and Thomas, and McCook's advance being re- 
ported within supporting distance of the latter. Pal- 
mer's Division, by a march of eleven miles, obtained a 
position near Gowan's Ford, on the Chicamauga. six or 
seven miles southward from Lee and Gordon's Mills, 
and covered the line of the creek for four or five miles. 
Van Cleve's Division was posted at Crawfish Springs, 
about four miles toward the northwest. On the 16th, 
Grose's Brigade reconnoitered a few miles eastward in 
the direction of one of the gaps in Pigeon Mountain, 
and found the enemy in the gap with a quantity of 
gathered potatoes. They drove the Johnnies back and 
the boys took the potatoes to camp. Thomas' troops 
having begun arriving on Crittenden's lines. Palmer's 
Division in the afternoon was moved northward, by a 
march of three miles, to within two miles of Crawfish 
Springs. Grose's Brigade bivouacked behind some 
slashed timber, forming a protection against Cavalry 
raids for the night. Starting about midnight on the 
18th they reached Crawfish Springs at dawn on Satur- 
day morning, with the Division all there in proper po- 
sition next on the left of Van Cleve's Division, about 
one mile to the north of Lee and Gordon's Mills. For 
a week the troops had lived in an atmosphere of battle, 
and with their guns in their hands ; yet few, except 
the higher officers, imagined that the dread issue was 
so soon to be decided. The men were jaded by their 
night march and previous harassing service, but were 
in excellent spirits notwithstanding — full of the confi- 
dence begotten of trained self-reliance, and brimming 
over with the dashing, half-reckless courage character- 
istic of old and successful campaigners. About 8 a. m.. 
Grose's Brigade was ordered to make a reconnoissance 
down the road in the direction of Reid's Mill, to ascer- 
tain if the main road from Lee and Gordon's Mills to 



178 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Rossville was clear of the enemy, and, if practicable, 
whether Colonel Dan McCook's Brigade still held Reid's 
bridge, as it had been reported doing the evening before. 
Threading its way through thick woods, with occasional 
clearings, Grose's command, at the end of two miles, 
reached Baird's Division (formerly Rousseau's), which 
had marched all night with the rest of Thomas' Corps, 
and had taken position on the Rossville road, while 
Brannan's Division ( in the main Thomas' old Division ) 
had filed past him and formed upon his left, extending 
the line of battle northward, in the direction of Ross- 
ville. While the troops were halted upon Baird's right, 
heavy volleys of musketry were heard along the front, 
some distance to the left; but the sound soon died 
away, and the Brigade then returned to the Division, 
rejoining it about 10:30 o'clock, without having encount- 
ered the enemy. Soon after, about 12 o'clock, General 
Brannan, on the extreme left as far as the formation 
was then made, was closely engaged. General Baird's 
Division was becoming seriously involved, as Bragg's 
solid masses swept across Chicamauga Creek, by appa- 
rently a left wheel of his line. As soon as his lines 
were across the creek he carried the assault to the 
south towards Lee and Gordon's Mills. All being 
rather quiet on Crittenden's front, he ordered Palmer 
to the support of the left, and the Division promptly 
obeyed. It had proceeded less than one-third of the 
distance to the point reached by Grose's Brigade two 
hours before, when the enemy was met in heavy force, 
pressing steadily forward on Johnson's Division of Mc- 
Cook's Corps, which was moving into position to assist 
Baird on his left flank, which had been exposed. The 
Second Division formed rapidly, Hazen's Brigade on the 
left, Cruft's next and Grose's on the right. By 1 
o'clock the Second Division was engaged on its whole 



THE BATTLE OF CHICAMAUGA. 17!) 

line, and the Third Brigade was in the tempest and 
struggle of battle similar to that of Stone River. 

We have not space in this work to follow the Army 
of the Cumberland through all the details of this con- 
test, in which Bragg, by his own confession, lost two- 
fifths of his Army, and Rosecrans barely escaped de- 
struction with a terrible loss. General Thomas, com- 
manding the left, whose service was nothing less mag- 
nificent than saving the Army, after Rosecrans (upon 
another part of the field) had given up the day as lost 
and retired to Chattanooga. These are all matters of 
history, to which a simple reference is all that the scope 
of this volume permits. Palmer's Division fought under 
the command of General Thomas throughout — during 
the first day in the position before mentioned, and on 
the second day in the center of Thomas' line, with John- 
son and Baird on the left, and Reynolds and Brannan 
on the right. Its loss was very heavy, but. happily, the 
Third Brigade escaped with somewhat fewer casualties 
than at Stone River. 

Following is the olficial report of the Brigade com- 
mander of the battle of Chicamauga : 



Headquarters Third Brigade. Second 

Division, Twenty-first Army Corps, 

in Camp near Chattanooga, Tenn.. 
September 27, 1863. 
Major General •/. M. Palmer, 

Commanding Second Division : 
Sir : I have the honor to make a brief report of the part 
this Brigade took in the recent engagements with the enemy. 
I crossed the Tennessee River at the mouth of Battle Creek 
on the night of the 3d of September, by means of log rafts, 
sending most of my train by the way of Bridgeport, six miles 
below, to cross on the bridge. I passed over without any 
loss of either men or property. My command consisted of 
the 6th Ohio, Colonel N. L. Anderson. 84th Illinois, Colonel 



180 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

L. M. Waters. 24th Ohio, Colonel D. J. Higgins, 36th Indi 
ana. Lieutenant Colonel O. H. P. Carey, and 23d Kentucky. 
Lieutenant Colonel James C. Foy, aggregate officers and 
men. 1,687 : to which were attached Batteries H and M. 4th 
U. S. Artillery (ten pieces), commanded by Lieutenants 
Cushing and Russell. In conjunction with the Division, we 
marched thence to Shell Mound, to Squirreltown Creek, and 
thence to Lookout Valley, and on the morning of the 9th 
inst.. with the 24th Ohio. 23d Kentucky and 84th Illinois, I 
ascended, or rather climbed upon Lookout Mountain near 
Hawkins' farm, nine miles to the right of Chattanooga, and 
met and drove the enemy from the mountain, with no loss 
to my force. The enemy left the mountain to the northeast, 
via Summer City. Cavalry was all that I found upon the 
mountain. As I reached the point of the mountain overlook- 
ing Chattanooga, the remainder of my Brigade, with the 
First Brigade, General Cruft, and General Wood's Division, 
were entering the city. I may here notice Captain Isaac N. 
Dryden, of the 24th Ohio, and his Company, for daring 
bravery in the advance in ascending the mountain and driv- 
ing and punishing the enemy with light but successful 
skirmishing near Graysville. Ringgold and Chicamauga 
Creek, and a reconnoissance from the latter to Worthen's 
farm, to a pass in Pigeon Mountain. I was directed on the 
morning of the 19th inst. to make a reconnoissance below 
Lee and Gordon's Mills, on Chicamauga Creek, in the State 
of Georgia, which I did, and found the enemy in force, and 
on receiving your orders I withdrew the Brigade, joined the 
column, and with it moved upon the enemy into an open 
woodland to the right of the road leading to Chattanooga. 
My position happened to be on a small elevation, General 
Cruft's Brigade to my left and General Reynolds' Division 
on my right. We met the enemy's lines about 11 o'clock. 
My Brigade was formed in double lines, the 24th Ohio, Col- 
onel Higgins. and the 23d Kentucky, Lieutenant Colonel 
Foy, in the front line, the 36th Indiana, Lieutenant Colonel 
Carey, and the 84th Illinois, Colonel Waters, in the rear line, 
the 6th Ohio. Colonel Anderson, in reserve. On meeting the 
enemy with the front line, the troops on the right of my 
Brigade gave way, and the 36th Indiana was immediately 
changed to the right to defend the flank, and in a very few 



COLONEL GROSE'S OFFICIAL REPOltT. 181 

minutes the enemy passed so far by my right and rear thai 
the 6th Ohio, as well as the 36th Indiana, 24th Ohio and 23d 
Kentucky, were all desperately engaged, and so continued 
for two long hours. Here was the best fighting and least 
falling out of ranks (except the killed and wounded) I ever 
witnessed. Finally the ammunition of these four Regiments 
gave out. and there being none at hand (bad luck), they had 
to be retired. Now came the time for the 84th Illinois to 
come into the breach. The Colonel changed front to the 
right, and with his brave and hitherto tried Regiment con- 
tested every inch of the ground until compelled to give way 
before overwhelming numbers. The enemy having reached 
his then right flank, our former rear, all were retired in tol- 
erably good order, which ended my fighting for the day. 
General Cruft's Brigade, which had not yet exhausted its 
ammunition, nor been seriously engaged, now changed front 
to the enemy, engaged him and came off master of that part 
of the field. 

The ensuing night we laid upon our arms without water, 
or rest, and though the fatigues had been great, yet there 
was more to endure upon the coming day. Ammunition 
replenished, we were again in position for the fearful 
labors that awaited us on the Holy Sabbath. Early I was 
ordered to take position on the right of General Hazen's 
Brigade, on the right of our Division, which was done, and 
each Regiment quickly threw before it barricades of logs 
and such materials as could readily be obtained; but be- 
fore the action on our part of the line commenced, one of 
my Regiments, the 23d Kentucky, had been loaned to Gen- 
eral Hazen to fill out his lines, and with the other four. 
about ( .» o'clock. I was ordered to the left of General Bairds' 
Division (General Rousseau's old Division), to strengthen 
his left. Before we arrived at the intended position in the 
line, the enemy came upon Baird's Division, and conse- 
quently upon my command in fearful numbers. I formed 
the tour Regiments under a destructive fire from the enemy 
in a woodland fronting nearly north, and at right angles 
with the main line of battle. The 36th Indiana and 84th 
Illinois in the front line, the 6th and 24th Ohio in the sec 
ond line. Thus formed we met the enemy and had a des- 
perate struggle with fearful loss on both sides. The Bri- 



1S1 1 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

gade advanced and was repulsed, advanced a second time 
and was again repulsed and with some forces that now 
came to our assistance advanced the third time and held 
the woodland. In this contest for mastery over the wood- 
land fell many of my best and bravest officers and men. 
The dead and dying of both Armies commingled together 
over this bloody field. Here I parted with many of my 
comrades in arms forever, particularly old messmates of 
the 36th Indiana, and whose remains I was unable to remove 
from the field. In this conflict and amid the shifting scenes 
of battle. Colonel Waters, of the 84th Illinois, with a part of 
his Regiment, became detached from the Brigade to the 
west of the road and became mingled with the Division of 
General Negley, who. it seems, shortly after ordered that 
portion of Colonel Waters' Regiment, with at least a por- 
tion of his own command, toward Chattanooga, on the pre- 
text of sending that of Colonel Waters' as train guard, for 
particulars of which reference is made to the report of Col- 
onel Waters. The residue of the 84th Illinois Regiment, 
under command of Captain William Erwin, of Company C, 
with Lieutenants McLain, Scroggan and Logue, with parts 
of four Companies, remained with the Brigade, and on the 
left of and with the 36th Indiana did efficient and good ser- 
vice. Captain Erwin deserves notice for coolness and 
bravery during this fight, as well as the Lieutenants above 
named. 

After the fighting had ceased and with seeming success 
to our arms on this portion of the line, now about 1 o'clock 
p. m., I withdrew the 36th Indiana, 24th and 6th Ohio, with 
that portion of the 84th Illinois under command of Captain 
Erwin, to near the position we had taken in the forenoon, 
near the right of General Hazen's Brigade, and put my men 
in position to rest, and to await further developments ; the 
23d Kentucky having remained with General Hazen at that 
point where I had left it in the morning. The enemy's 
sharpshooters and occasional cannonading kept up amuse- 
ment for us in the meantime. It was here near by me that 
Colonel King, of the 68th Indiana, fell a victim to the aim 
of a sharpshooter. 

In these two days my command took a considerable num- 
ber of prisoners and sent them to the rear, among them 



COLONEL GROSE'S OFFICIAL REPORT. 183 

was Captain E. B. Savers, Chief Engineer of General 
Polk's Corps. He surrendered to me in person, was put in 
charge of Lieutenant Scott, my Engineer, and sent back to 
General Thomas' Corps Hospital. Sayers was one of the 
Camp Jackson prisoners and formerly a citizen of St. Louis. 
Mo. I presume many of the prisoners taken on Sunday 
escaped. 

About 4 o'clock a deserter came in and informed us that 
Breckenridge's Division of the rebel Army was advancing 
toward the same point where we had been in such deadly 
strife during the fore part of the day. which statement was 
soon verified by the roar of Artillery and small arms in that 
direction, again moving upon Johnson's and Baird's shat- 
tered Divisions. About the same time a heavy force of the 
enemy commenced an attack to our right and rear from to- 
ward Lee's and Gordon's Mills, and from the direction we 
had come in the morning, and opened the most terrific can- 
nonading I had heard during these battles, and in a few 
moments completely enfilading our entire rear. At fifteen 
minutes before 5 o'clock Lieutenant Thomas. Major General 
Palmer's Aide, brought me an order to "retire my com- 
mand." Which way or where to retire to was not an easy 
question to solve, the enemy fast approaching from the 
right and left toward our rear, their artillery fire meeting. 
I, however, immediately sent orders to the Regiments there 
with me to retire across the farm to our rear, passing to the 
right of the farm house, in the following order : 6th Ohio. 
36th Indiana and that portion of the 84th Illinois with me. 
the 23d Kentucky to bring up the rear ; portions of the 24th 
Ohio were with each of these Regiments. My Artillery had 
been retired to the west of the farm. The forces that were 
'to my left when faced about had to retire further to my right 
and cross the farm further north When I commenced the 
move it seemed evident that my now small command would 
be swept away by the Artillery fire of the enemy. To pre- 
vent breaking of ranks or any further panic, and to indicate 
to the men that this was a time for coolness and "steady 
habits," with Lieutenant Boice, one of my Aides de Camp, 
he carrying the Brigade tlag. at my side, we rode on the left 
of the front Regiment, and in the direction from which' the 
most terrible fire of the enemy emanated, until we passed 



L84 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the ordeal of danger. As soon as we had passed the point 
of greatest danger, I halted the two front Regiments, 6th 
Ohio and 30th Indiana, and into line faced them to the rear, 
to defend and cover the retreat. This was done coolly and 
deliberately. General Palmer was here to consult with me 
and give directions. Here was the last I saw of Captain J. 
R. Muhleman. Assistant Adjutant General of the Division, 
and I presume he fell near to this place, for we were yet 
under a sharp fire. As soon as all was closed up and had 
passed this line. I /igain retired the force across another 
farm about one-half a mile and ascended a high wooded hill, 
and re-formed faced as before, now out of the range of the 
enemy's fire. It was now dusk, and as soon as all was closed 
up. and meeting General Cruft, with bis Brigade, here, we 
consulted, together with our Division commander, and re- 
tired to Rossville, about four or five miles distant on the 
Chattanooga road, and rested for the night. It is due that 
I mention in this place an act of bravery in danger of my 
Aide. Lieutenant Boice. After we had passed over the first 
farm, fearing that my orders to Captain Erwin, of the 84th 
Illinois, had not been definitely understood, and that his 
command might be left behind and lost, I directed Lieu 
tenant Boice to return again over the field of death and see 
that the Captain was coming with his command. The direc- 
tion was promptly obeyed and the Lieutenant made the trip 
and returned unharmed. My fears for his safety were in- 
expressibly relieved when I saw him safely return. For this 
and similar efficient service during all these battles Lieu- 
tenant Boice deserves the most favorable notice. In the 
position assigned me with my command at and near Ross- 
ville on the -1st, although I did no fighting, and a better 
situation could not have been given me, yet I lost one man 
killed and one wounded from the enemy's Artillery. Prom 
there we withdrew to our present position, without further 
harm. 

Lieutenant Russell, in command of C< mpany M, 4th U. S. 
Artillery, on Saturday, the 19th, was placed in position in 
the center of my front line and did effective service. On 
Sunday, he, as well as Lieutenant Cushing, commanding 
Company H, 4th U. S. Artillery, played a heavy part upon 
the enemy's columns. Those Lieutenants, although they 

K 



COLONEL GROSE'S OFFICIAL REPORT. 185 

look like mere boys, yet for bravery and effective service 
are not excelled, if equaled, in efficiency by any Artiller- 
ist in the Army. They have the credit of being in the 
last of the fighting' and then retiring all but the loss of one 
piece of Lieutenant Cushing's, that had been disabled dur- 
ing the engagement. Colonel Waters, with his brave Reg- 
iment, deserves great credit for the manner in which the 
one commanded and the other performed the perilous duties 
devolving upon them during the battles. The brave Col- 
onel Nick Anderson, with his Regiment, 6th Ohio, per- 
formed a whole duty up to the evening of the 19th. He 
having been wounded during that day was compelled to be 
relieved. The command thereafter devolved upon Major 
Erwin. who performed it highly satisfactory. Lieutenant 
Colonel Carey, 36th Indiana, brave to the last, received a 
severe wound during the battle on the 19th, and was suc- 
ceeded by Major Trusler in command, who deserves a high 
meed of praise for continuing the good management of the 
Regiment. Brave old Regiment, your country will remem- 
ber you when these trying times are over. Lieutenant 
Colonel Foy, and 23d Kentucky, side by side with your com- 
rades and brothers in arms from Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, 
you did your duty well. Colonel Higgins and the 24th Ohio 
can boast of as brave and dutiful officers and men as can be 
found in any Army. 

Captain George M. Graves, my Assistant Adjutant Gen- 
eral, a brave and good officer, fell by my side mortally 
wounded, on the 19th, while rendering efficient service. He 
has since died. Rest in peace, brave soldier ! Isaac Bige- 
low and Gorge Shirk, two of my Orderlies, were wounded 
on the 20th, the latter seriously, and w T ho was carrying the 
Brigade flag when he fell. Corporal Dossey Lennin, of 
Company I, 24th Ohio, seeing the flag fall, rushed to it. res- 
cued it and bore it off the field, as he did his own Regimental 
colors on two occasions the day before, w r hen Color Guards 
had been shot down. Such bravery and high bearing as this 
is highly deserving the notice of the appointing power. 

My grateful thanks are due to the brave officers and men 
of the Brigade for their noble conduct through these trying 
scenes in behalf of the right and to put down the w r rong. 
My Staff Officers, Captain Brooks, Inspector, Lieutenant 



186 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Scott. Topographical Engineer, Lieutenant Livezey. Aide 
cle Camp, Major Kersey, Medical Director. Captain Peden, 
Provost Marshal, with those heretofore mentioned, as well 
as my non-commissioned Staff, have my grateful acknowl- 
edgements for their kind and efficient help during these 
laborious battles ; and they, with me. unfeignedly lament 
the fall of our comrade and brother. Captain George M. 
Graves. Many officers and men of my command, that it is 
impossible to refer to specially, are equally deserving with 
the best of soldiers. Patriots Captain Adams. 84th Illinois. 
Captain Tinker, T3th Ohio, Captain Wadsworth, 24th Ohio, 
Lieutenant Patterson, 36th Indiana. Lieutenant Hoffman. 
23d Kentucky, with fifty-seven brave enlisted men, fell on 
these battle-fields, a sacrifice upon their country's altar. 
My heart sickens to contemplate these irreparable losses. 
To the suffering wounded, may the God of Battles soothe 
their afflictions, heal and restore them again to usefulness. 
The following table shows the casualties of the Brigade 
as near as is possible to ascertain at the present time : 





KILLED. 


WOUNDED. 


MISSING. 


TOTAL. 


AG- 


COMMAND. 


















•G 


) tE 


G 


1 E 


C | E 


C E , 


GATB 


Headnuarters 


1 






3 






1 


3 


4 


36th Indiana. . 


1 


13 


8 


89 




17 


9 


119 


128 


24th Ohio .... 




3 


3 


57 




16 


3 


76 


79 


6th Ohio .....' 


1 


13 


7 


94 


1 


16 


9 


123 


132 


84th Illinois.. 


1 


12 


2 


81 




9 


3 


102 


105 


23d Kentucky. 


1 


10 


3 


49 




6 


4 


65 


69 


Bat. M. 4th A. 




g 




6 








8 


8 


Bat. H. 4th A. 




4 


1 


16 | 




1 


1 


21 


22 


Totals 


5 


57 


24 


395 


1 


65 


30 


517 


547 



Add to this the 659 lost at Stone River, with many other 
casualties in smaller engagements, it shows a fearful de- 
struction of human life in one small command. 

For further and more minute particulars reference is 



* Commissioned officers, t Enlisted men. 



REPORTS OF ROSECRANS AND BRAGG. l s 7 

made to the reports of Regimental commanders, herewith 
forwarded. 

I have the honor to be, your most humble servant. 

W. Grose, 

Colonel commanding' Third Brigade. 
s. Boice, 
Lieut. 6th Ohio, A. A. D. C. 

The following are copies of letters written after the 
battle : 

Chattanooga. September ill. 1863. 
To the President of the United States: 

After two days* of the severest fighting I ever witnessed, 
our right center was beaten. The left held its position until 
sunset. Our loss is heavy, and our troops worn down. The 
enemy received heavy re-enforcements. Every man of 
ours was in action on Sunday, and all but one Brigade on 
Saturday. Number of our w r ounded large compared with 
thai of the killed. We took prisoners of two Divisions of 
Longstreet. We have no certainty of holding our position. 
If Burnside could come immediately it would be well, other- 
wise he may not be able to join us. unless he comes on the 
west side of the river. W. S. Rosecrans. 

Major General. 

Chicamauga River. September 20. / 

via Ringgold. September 21. \ 
Major General Cooper, Adjutant General: 

After two days' hard fighting we have driven the enemy, 
after a desperate resistance, from several positions, and now 
hold the field. But he still confronts us. The losses are 
heavy on both sides, especially of our officers. We have 
taken over twenty pieces of Artillery, and some 2,500 pris- 
oners. Braxton Bragg. 

The Confederates had been too severely handled to 
renew the battle on Monday, although the Union forces 
Lay in Line of battle on Missionary Ridge, near Rossville, 
during the day, but five miles distant from the field of 



188 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the day before, without action other than a weak recon- 
noissance with Cavalry, and of a few guns in the even- 
ing. During the day Rosecrans determined to fall back 
to Chattanooga, fortify and hold the place, and thither, 
on the night of the 21st, the whole Army was withdrawn, 
and began the preparation for the defense. On the 
morning of the 22d, the two Armies were in full view of 
the front lines of each other. The Union forces in well 
formed lines and works around Chattanooga, and the 
rebel Army in full view on Missionary Ridge. 

The following is the official report of casualties at the 
battle of Chicamauga : 

Fourteenth Army Corps. — General Thomas. Killed: 
36 commissioned officers; 635 enlisted men. Total, 671. 

Wounded: 206 commissioned officers; 3,297 enlisted 
men. Total, 3,503. 

Missing: 127 commissioned officers ; 2,000 enlisted men. 
Total, 2,127. 

Twentieth Army Corps. — General McCook. Killed: 
40 commissioned officers ; 363 enlisted men. Total, 403. 

Wounded: 168 commissioned officers; 2,367 enlisted 
men. Total, 2,535. 

Missing: 77 commissioned officers; 1,503 enlisted men. 
Total, 1,580. 

Twenty-first Army Corps. — General Crittenden. 
Killed : 39 commissioned officers ; 296 enlisted men. 
Total, 335. 

Wounded: 131 commissioned officers; 2,157 enlisted 
men. Total, 2,288. 

Missing : 22 commissioned officers ; 655 enlisted men. 
Total, 677. 

Reserve Corps.— General Granger. Killed: 16 
commissioned officers ; 219 enlisted men. Total, 235. 

Wounded : 59 commissioned officers ; 877 enlisted men. 
Total, 936. 



THE LOSSES AT CHICAMAUGA. 189 

Missing : 54 commissioned officers ; 507 enlisted men. 
Total, 561. 

Grand Total. — Killed: 131 commissioned omcers; 
1,513 enlisted men. Total, 1,644. 

Wounded: 564 commissioned officers; 8,698 enlisted 
men. Total, 9,262. 

Missing: 280 commissioned officers; 4,665 enlisted 
men. Total, 4.945. Total loss, 15,851. 

The re-organization of the Army of the Cumberland 
before the battle of Chicamauga, as to Palmer's Divi- 
sion, was as follows : 

Second Division, 21st Corps. — Major General John 
M. Palmer commanding. 

First Brigade. — General Charles Cruft commanding; 
1st Kentucky Infantry, 2d Kentucky Infantry. 31st In- 
diana Infantry, 90th Ohio Infantry. 

Second Brigade. — General William B. Hazen command- 
ing ; 41st Ohio Infantry, 124th Ohio Infantry, 6th Ken- 
tucky Infantry, 9th Indiana Infantry, 110th Illinois Bat- 
talion. 

Third Brigade. — Colonel William Grose commanding; 
36th Indiana Infantry. 24th Ohio Infantry, 6th Ohio In- 
fantry, 23d Kentucky Infantry, 84th Illinois Infantry. 

Artillery with Division. — Batteries H and M, 4th U. S. 
Artillery, Battery B, 1st Ohio Artillery, Battery 2d, 1st 
Ohio Artillery. H and M Batteries mostly with Third 
Brigade. 

The commanders of each of the Armies in this great 
battle claimed that the other had superior numbers, 
which question has never been settled definitely. 



CHAPTER IX. 

SIEGE OF CHATTANOOGA — BATTLES OF LOOKOUT MOUN- 
TAIN AND MISSIONARY RIDGE. 

General Bragg's old fortifications were quickly occu- 
pied and strengthened by General Rosecrans, as por- 
tions of a complete circumrotation of the town, but he 
made no effort to hold Lookout Mountain, the river or 
railroad below Chattanooga; hence Bragg speedily oc- 
cupied all these. At first General Bragg threatened to 
attack, but soon posted his forces to besiege and starve 
out the Army that he had failed to destroy in battle. 
His lines extended from the river below to Lookout 
Mountain, across Lookout Valley to Missionary Ridge 
and along its summit to the river above the town. 
Rosecrans still held Bridgeport, thirty-five miles below 
by railroad, as his base of supplies, but about double 
that distance by wagons around over Walden's Ridge, 
on the north of the river. Several plans were sug 
gested and urged upon Bragg, by his friends, other 
than to besiege. General Longstreet urged a flank 
movement to cross the river above and go to the rear 
of Rosecrans' position and compel him to capitulate or 
fight ; but Bragg declined all, except to hold his lines 
as made, and continuously to embarrass our supply line 
to starvation. 

Having attained a secure position at Chattanooga, Gen- 
eral Rosecrans disposed his Cavalry on the north of the 
river, from Washington to Caperton's Ferry, to observe 
the enemy, and protect his trains in passage from 
Bridgeport to Chattanooga. On the 22d, the Third 
Brigade was put in position on the south of the Union 




. 



CAPTAIN JOSEPH L. SMITH. 



RE-ORGANIZATION AT CHATTANOOGA. 191 

lines, and to the right of what was afterward named 
Fort Wood, in honor of our own gallant General Wood. 
still living at Dayton. Ohio. The Brigade, in a very 
short time, made strong breastworks, covering their en- 
tire front, so that it was impossible for a successful at- 
tack to be made upon them from that direction, and 
only had occasional light skirmishing in their own front 
while in that position. On the 24th General Hazen. with 
his Brigade, made a reconnoisance toward Missionary 
Ridge, assisted by the 24th Ohio and 23d Kentucky, of 
Grose\s Brigade, and at 10 o'clock on the evening of that 
day, the enemy made an advance upon the Union picket 
line. The latter fell back as far as the railroad, where 
re -enforcements moved to their assistance, and in turn 
the rebel line fell back, which ended the skirmish, and 
without loss to the Second or Third Brigade. On the 
next day the pickets of the Third Brigade were advanced 
to their former position without opposition. 

On September 23d General Rosecrans wrote President 
Lincoln that. ••Immediate disposition should be made for 
covering our communications, by ordering down every 
available man from Kentucky to Bridgeport and Steven- 
son, and having all re-enforcements you can send hurried 
up. "" and other similar directions were given to the 
President quite frequently. On the 9th of October Gen- 
eral Alexander McCook and T. L. Crittenden. Corps 
commanders, were relieved. On October 10th reorgani- 
zation was again made by which Grose*s Brigade became 
the Third Brigade. First Division, Fourth Corps. The 
Regiments remained the same, with the 9th Indiana. 
75th and 59th Illinois added to the Brigade. General 
Gordon Granger commanded the Corps. General Palmer 
continued Division commander, Generals Sheridan and 
Wood commanding the other Divisions of the Corps. 

The order of the President of October 18th creating 



192 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the Military Division of the Mississippi, with General 
Grant in command, placed General Thomas at the head 
of the Army of the Cumberland. He assumed com- 
mand on the 19th, and General Rosecrans, having dictated 
a farewell to his Army, left for Cincinnati before it was 
generally known that be had been relieved. General 
Palmer soon after left the command of the Division to 
take command of the Fourteenth Corps. 

On the 23d of October General Grant arrived at Chat- 
tanooga. How to feed the Army was now the first and 
vital question. The problem was solved by sending 
Hazen's arid Turchin's Brigades to seize the mouth of 
Lookout Valley at Brown's Perry, nine miles below 
Chattanooga, by the U-shaped course of the Tennessee 
River (although scarcely three miles by the wagon- road 
across Moccasin Point, which is the peninsula enclosed 
within the U), and by bringing up Hooker's column to 
occupy that valley in force, and guard the roads run- 
ning thither from Bridgeport. In what proportion the 
credit of planning these movements should be distrib- 
uted among Grant, W. F. ("Balcly") Smith, and Thomas, 
it does not concern us here to inquire. Embarking 
promptly, the troops were instructed to maintain perfect 
silence, keep close to the right bank of the river, and, 
on reaching their landing-place, to form with all possi- 
ble speed, and seize the positions which would be pointed 
out to them. At 3 a. m. on the 27th, the whole force 
started, twelve hundred picked men in fifty-two boats, 
and organized in four sections or detachments, the first 
of which General Hazen accompanied. Six squads of 
the 6th Ohio, occupying as many boats, formed the Third 
Regiment of the second detachment ( Colonel Wiley ) ; 
the seventh squad, under Lieutenant Meline, being de- 
tached as rear-guard for the entire fleet. Meantime the 
remainder of Hazen's Brigade, under Lieutenant Colonel 



MANEUVERING ABOUT CHATTANOOGA. 193 

Lang-don, and the whole of Turchin's Brigade had filed 
over the pontoon bridge at Chattanooga, and were march- 
ing across Moccasin Point as supports. The expedition 
was a complete success, and gave us a permanent posi- 
tion in Lookout Valley on the south side of the river. 

On October 25th the Third Brigade was relieved of 
the position in the line of defense, and ordered to march, 
crossing the river to the north on pontoons, under com- 
mand of Colonel Post, of the 59th Illinois (Colonel Grose 
being sick), and west on the north side of the river over 
Walden's Ridge, to the river opposite Shell Mound, cross- 
ing the same and thence to Whiteside Station, on the 
railroad, fifteen miles west of Chattanooga, on the route 
to Bridgeport. They arrived there October 31st, for 
outpost duty at that important position. They rebuilt the 
railroad bridge over Running Water, fortified the camp, 
and frequently moved out to see after the enemy. The 
enemy held Lookout Valley at this time, and the south 
bank of the river at Brown's Ferry. The road to Kel- 
ley's Ferry, a few miles farther down the river, turns to 
the right. The enemy held the hills commanding these 
roads, and it was anticipated he would dispute their pos- 
session. The approach of a large Union force from 
Bridgeport, a few hours after the lodgement at Brown's 
Ferry, must have shown to General Bragg that the co- 
operative movements were designed to raise the siege of 
Chattanooga, and that he would have to crush Hooker, 
or interpose a force between him and Brown's Ferry. So 
Longstreet, on the night following October 28th, moved 
upon the force under General Hooker, about midnight, 
and a bloody fight took place, with success to Hooker. 
By such veterans as Howard and Geary, with their Divi- 
sions with Hooker. Longstreet's force was driven from 
the field across the creek to Lookout Mountain, burning 
the bridges behind them. This gave to the Union Army 



194 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Brown's Ferry and all below, and the valley west of the 
creek, which continued in possession of the Union Army, 
with Hooker in place to hold the same. 

On November 5th Colonel Grose rejoined his Brigade, 
able for duty, and took command, with active labor for 
the troops until November 23d. when orders came to 
move and report to General Hooker in Lookout Valley. 

The official report of Colonel Grose of the part taken 
by the Third Brigade is as follows : 

Headquarters Third Brigade, First . i 

Division. Fourth Army Corps. 

Whiteside, Tenn.. December 4th, 1863. j 

Lieutenant J. W. A. Wright, 

Acting Ass't Adft Gen:: 
.Sir : In accordance with duty I have the honor to 
report the part my Brigade took in the recent battles be- 
fore Chattanooga. On the 23d of November, under orders 
and the command of Brigadier General Cruft, I marched 
from this place with part of my command, 84th Illinois, 
Colonel Waters ; 9th Indiana, Colonel Simian ; 75th 
Illinois, Colonel Bennett ; 36th Indiana, Major Trusler ; 
59th Illinois. Major Hale, and 24th Ohio, Captain Bacon ; 
effective force, officers and men, 1.093. We marched that 
day to Lookout Valley and reported to Major General 
Hooker, where we rested for the night and were ready to 
move at daylight on the morning of the 24th. at which 
time I was ordered with my command to the front and in- 
formed that General Hooker desired to see me in person. 
I repaired to his quarters and received instructions to 
move with my command and drive the enemy from and 
effect a crossing of Lookout Creek, at a destroyed bridge 
near the railroad crossing of that creek, which courses 
along the base of Lookout Mountain. I immediately went 
forward in advance of the troops to make observations and 
learn the position, and found the enemy's pickets on the 
east bank and ours on the west, within thirty paces of each 
other, enjoying a friendship which was soon after broken 
and turned into wrath upon the approach of my forces. 



THE BATTLE OF LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. 195 

I discovered soon that the creek was more swollen than 
was expected, and the only means of passage was to repair 
a space in the center of the bridge of about fifteen feet, 
which was strongly covered by the enemy from their ritie- 
pits on the opposite side, and from the railroad embank- 
ment, which gave them complete protection. I ordered up 
the 84th Illinois, supported by the 75th Illinois. The 
former, in line with the proper skirmishers, advanced 
through a bayou or pond, in some places to their waists, 
drove the enemy under cover and soon occupied the west 
bank of the creek, and Captain Chambers of the 36th In- 
diana, with a detail, was sent forward to do the work, but 
it was found impracticable without too great a loss. In the 
meantime Captain Bacon, with the i'-fth Ohio, had moved 
upon the left of the two Illinois Regiments and was briskly 
skirmishing with the enemy along the creek. General 
Hooker, from a hill to the rear, soon saw the impractica- 
bility of crossing and desired to see me. On reporting to 
the General, he directed me to take the other four Regi- 
ments not then in position and proceed to the creek a mile 
above and to the right, where General Wood's Brigade, of 
General Osterhaus' Division, was constructing a pole 
bridge, which was nearly completed. When I arrived at 
the crossing point. I met General Wood there ; he had some 
skirmishers over the creek and a Regiment ready to follow. 
As soon as that Regiment passed over, the General kindly 
gave me the use of the bridge, when I at once crossed over 
the four Regiments and prolonged the line of battle on his 
right. I formed in double lines, the 36th Indiana and 59th 
Illinois in front line, the right of my lines connecting with 
the left of the Brigade of General Whitaker and of General 
Geary, still to my right, who had advanced from a crossing 
yet further to the right and higher up the creek. The lines 
were thus formed obliquely up the slope of the mountain, 
and the grand forward move was soon in motion, moving 
forward as fast as the men and officers could climb (for all 
were on foot), sweeping everything before them, over rebel 
camps and rebel rifle-pits. As the lines advanced so that 
the left of General Wood's Brigade neared the position of 
the 84th and 75th Illinois, flanking the rilie-pits of the 
enemy defending the crossing, the enemy was so surprised 



196 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

at the " Yankee trick" that the most of them threw down 
their arms and surrendered. These two regiments imme- 
diately crossed under command of General Cruft, and ex- 
tended the main line of battle on the left, covering and ad- 
vancing on the main Chattanooga road over the point of 
the mountain slope. The two Regiments of Colonels Wa- 
ters and Bennett, the latter in front, with the whole line 
only halted when imperative orders were received to "pur- 
sue to the crest of Lookout slope only and no further," un- 
til further orders. , The 84th and 75th Illinois had already 
been gallantly pressed forward four or five hundred yards 
in advance of the crest and beyond and to the left of the 
White House, and sufficiently far to uncover the mouth of 
Chattanooga Creek and allow troops to pass from the city 
to our rear. My other Regiments were in the line rather 
above and to the right of the White House, but fully cover- 
ing the plateau of ground on which it is situated. There 
were two Regiments of the troops on my right immediately 
under the high ledge of rocks at the top of the mountain 
and further advanced than the center of the line. I was 
greatly annoyed with overtures to relieve these two Regi- 
ments with Regiments from my command, and before night- 
fall I sent the 59th Illinois and 9th Indiana to relieve them, 
making now four Regiments of mine in the front line, two 
on the extreme left and two on the right and far in advance 
of all other Regiments. 

At the point now occupied by these two Regiments there 
was constant firing kept up on both sides, and about 8 
o'clock p. m. Colonel Suman and Major Hale, commanding 
those two Regiments on the right, reported their ammuni- 
tion exhausted, when the 36th Indiana and 24th Ohio were 
sent to relieve them, who held the position until about mid- 
night, when the firing ceased on both sides, the enemy evi- 
dently having retired from our front and, as afterwards 
appeared, from the top of the mountain, but not until these 
two latter Regiments had also exhausted their ammunition. 
Thus all my Regiments had been in the front line during 
this engagement. The ground in front of the center of the 
line, in and about the White House, I believe was the com 
mon stock of the skirmishers of all the commands engaged, 
and at the house they found, in part, two pieces of the ene- 



THE BATTLE OF MISSIONARY RIDGE. 197 

my's Artillery (with the limbers), which was not in use upon 
our advance. Early the next morning", the enemy having 
entirely left the mountain, the stars and stripes in triumph 
waved upon the point of rocks on the summit of this grand 
old mountain. This was the conclusive evidence to observ- 
ers for many miles around that one of the greatest feats of 
the war had been performed by our soldiers, in successfully 
storming this stronghold and taking as prisoners most of 
the enemy there posted. Our advancing lines completely 
enfiladed most of the enemy's works, which were poorly 
adapted to the defense of the position. 

Early on the morning of November 25th, the 84th and 
75th Illinois were advanced on the left to make a recon- 
noissance,and captured some rebel guards, camps, baggage 
and several boxes of arms, near the road from Chattanooga 
up the mountain to Summertown, and found that the main 
force of the enemy had evacuated Chattanooga Valley. 
These facts being reported, the whole force under General 
Hooker moved about 10 o'clock a. m. toward Rossville, sit- 
uate at the base of Missionary Ridge, five miles distant 
from Chattanooga, and at which place the Lafayette road 
passes through a gorge in the Ridge. Having to rebuild 
the destroyed bridge over Chattanooga Creek, it was after 
2 o'clock p. m. before our advance. General Osterhaus' 
Division reached the rebel lines, strongly posted in the 
gorge. The attack was soon made, however, and the ad- 
vance Division forced the passage, routed the enemy and 
moved forward through the gorge. As my advance ap- 
proached the passage in the Ridge, General Cruft directed 
me to move up the point of the Ridge to the left, and at 
right angles with the road. As we ascended the point of 
the Ridge, a brisk fire was opened from the summit upon 
some Cavalry escort in our front. They soon found other 
quarters and gave way for our Infantry. The 9th Indiana. 
Colonel Suman, was in advance, and seemingly by intuition 
came into line, with skirmishers in front, supported by the 
59th Illinois. Major Hale, in double quick on the left ; the 
84th Illinois and 36th Indiana, in the second line; the 75th 
Illinois and 24th Ohio, formed the third line. By the time 
the rear lines were formed the advance line had charged 
and driven the enemy from two lines of barricades, visiting 



L98 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

him with severe punishment, killing and wounding a large 
number and taking prisoners all the remainder that were 
behind the barricades Two Regiments of General Whit- 
aker's Brigade soon came up on the left of my second and 
third lines on the slope of the Ridge. General Geary's Divi- 
sion advancing still further to the left in the valley. .At 
the same time General Osterhaus' Division was advancing 
on the east side of the Ridge to my right. We continued 
the advance, meeting and driving more of the enemy north- 
ward on the Ridge., At the same time heavy firing was going 
on a couple of miles in front. As we approached it seemed 
to be advancing toward us. and turned out to be General 
Johnson's Division. Fourteenth Corps, driving the enemy 
south on the Ridge. When his lines and ours approached 
within MOO or 900 yards of each other, the enemy's forces 
between us threw down their arms, and tiring and the 
destruction of life ceased, and it appeared to me that we 
had more prisoners between than we had men in our own 
lines. Here we disposed of pris mers. cared for the wounded, 
buried the dead, and rested for the night. Colonel Sum an 
and Major Hale, with their Regiments, deserve favorable 
mention for daring and gallant conduct on this occasion. 

On the morning of the 26th our forces moved on the Ring- 
gold road in pursuit of the routed enemy. Two Divisions 
of the Fourteenth Corps, under Major General Palmer, had 
the advance, followed by General Osterhaus' Division, then 
came the two Brigades of our Division, followed by Gen- 
eral Geary's Division. Delayed at. Chieamauga to rebuild 
a bridge, we reached Peavine Valley about sunset, and the 
forces advanced cautiously through its wood and dense un- 
derbrush, until the advance peached the Lafayette road, 
wdiere it found a Battery and train of the enemy moving. 
One volley captured all. scattering the men therewith in 
every direction. General Palmer's forces there took the 
Grayville road. Our Division moved forward out of the 
valley, ascended the hill, gathering up many scattering pris- 
oners, and rested tor the night four miles from Ringgold. 
At early day on the morning of the 27th General Osterhaus 
took the advance, followed by our Division. At about 8 
o'clock we approached the town and found the enemy in 
force on White Oak Ridge, and in the gorge through which 



PURSUING THE ENEMY. L99 

Middle Chicamauga Hows beyond the town. A severe en- 
gagement soon commenced, our forces endeavoring to carry 
the position by a front assault. The action lasted about 
four hours with heavy loss to us. At last the place was 
carried and the enemy driven. My Brigade had been placed 
in position in the town and took no part, but was under 
tire where I lost one man killed. Shortly after the enemy 
had been driven from their position, I received orders to 
move with my command in pursuit, and was soon under 
way. Skirmishing with their rear guard soon commenced, 
but destroyed bridges made the pursuit difficult and slow. 
We followed them until night, a distance of three miles, and 
found what appeared to be a Division in a well-selected 
position, and in accordance with orders I returned to Ring- 
gold. We recaptured two of our wounded men. took two 
more prisoners., found broken caissons, wagons. ambulanc* (S, 
dead and dying men of the enemy strewn along the way to 
a horrible extent. 

We remained at Ringgold until the evening of November 
30th. when I received orders to return to Whiteside, via the 
Chicamauga battle-field. We marched to Reid's farm on 
West Chicamauga. six miles, and camped for the night. On 
December 1st we crossed the creek and proceeded about 
two miles to the memorable battle-field of the 19th and 20th 
of September. 1863. We buried the remains of about four 
hundred of our brave fallen comrades, that had been the 
prey of animals for two and a half months. On the lel'i of 
our line the dead of the enemy, over a portion of the ground, 
had been well buried, and ours tolerably well covered, but 
toward the center and right bu1 few of ours were attempted 
to be buried or covered at all The heads and feel of those 
on that part of the field where the bodies had been slightly 
covered, were mostly uncovered, and frequently found sep- 
arated and some distance from the bodies. On the west of 
the road from Lee and Gordon's Mills to Rossville, and on 
our center and right, and as far as 1 went to the south, bul 
few burials had been attempted of either parly. We had 
not time to explore the entire field, and do doubt main of 
our soldiers remain unburied yet. All good clothing had 
been stripped from the bodies. Such a sight of inhumanity 
I hope never to witness again. 



200 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 



On December 2d we marched to our old quarters at this 
post, and thus ended our part of a fruitful campaign. 

My command took prisoners as follows, the evidence of 
which is herewith forwarded : List of names and rank taken 
by my Provost Marshal, 245 ; wounded on Missionary Ridge 
and prisoners. 21 ; voucher of Lieutenant Jaques, Provost 
Marshal of Division (with 4 officers ), 115 ; voucher of Cap- 
tain Woodbury, 24th Ohio Volunteers, 159 ; voucher of Cap- 
tain Tolby, 27th Missouri, 37 ; captured by Colonel Suman 
on Missionary Ridge and turned over to the Regiment on 
his right, as he states, which was one of General Wood's 
Regiments, 200 ; total, 777. 

The conduct of the officers and men of my command was 
highly commendable, and I thank them for a prompt obedi- 
dience and execution of all orders, without regard to danger 
or fatigue. I am under obligations to my Staff Officers for 
kind and willing assistance rendered me during the cam- 
paign. 

The following is a table of the casualties in the Brigade 
during the campaign : 



COMMAND. 


KILLED. 


WOUNDED. 


TOTAL. 


AG- 




*c w 


C E 


C E 


GATE. 


36th Indiana 




1 

2 

1 

4 


1 

4 


10 

22 

13 

2 

4 

4 


1 

4 


11 
24 
14 

2 

4 
4 


11 


9th Indiana 


25 


59th Illinois 


18 


75th Illinois 


9 


H4th Illinois 


4 


24th Ohio 


4 






Totals 




5 


55 


5 


59 


64 





Knowing that I tilled every post of danger required of 
me, I rejoice that so few of my men have fallen, compared 
with former battles. Lists of the casualties accompany the 
reports of the Regimental commanders respectively, which 
for further particulars are herewith forwarded. 
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, 

W. Grose, 
Colonel commanding. 

* Commissioned officers, t Enlisted men. 



IN CAMP AT CLEVELAND. 203 

The Brigade, after its return from the battles about 
Chattanooga, remained on light duty and routine of 
camp life until January 27th. 1864, when orders came to 
move from Whiteside Station, and on that day we struck 
tents and marched to Lookout Creek, next day over the 
Nose of Lookout Mountain, of Chattanooga Creek, thence 
to Tyner's Station, east to Chattanooga, and on Febru- 
ary 1st started as escort for bridge builders to Charles- 
ton, farther north in East Tennessee. We came in sight 
of Johnnies occasionally, but none that wanted to hold 
close communion with the Brigade, and after delivering 
the builders safely for the bridge labor, the Brigade 
returned to Blue Springs, two miles south of the town 
of Cleveland, and went into camp, expecting to remain 
for some time, and did so, with a good camping ground, 
good water, and plenty of w T ood, without taking the top 
rail. There was a majority of Union people at and 
about the town. Some that had been absent returned 
when the Union Army came, and some that had been 
thej e departed at the same time, or before. Upon the 
request of citizens of the town the Brigade commander, 
on the evening of February 10th, made a speech to an 
audience estimated at 2,000 people, and the Government 
had the cheers of both men and women in that locality. 
While the Union Army was there they felt free to so 
express themselves. 

At this time there were many rumors as to where the 
rebel forces were, now under command of General Joseph 
Johnstone, who had succeeded General Bragg. It was 
suspected that Johnstone was at Dalton and Tunnel Hill. 
General Grant ordered a strong reconnoissance to be 
made and strongly pressed to learn the strength and 
position of Johnstone's Army. The Third Brigade was 
of the force to engage, and on February 22d, that noted 
day, advanced by the way of Red Clay, on the State 



202 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

line, toward Dalton. The Colonel's official report of the 
Brigade -Seven days before Dalton" gives the history 
as then written, as follows : 



Headquarters Third Brigade. First j 

Division. Fourth Army Corps. 

Blue Springs, Tenn.. Feb. 29. 1*64. ' 

Major W. H. Sine/air. 

Jss'f Jifj't Gen. Firs/ Division : 

Sir : I have the honor to report the part taken by this 
Brigade in the recent seven days before Dalton. I was 
ordered by the Division commander, and marched from this 
place to take part in the reconnoissance toward the enemy 
on the 22d of February. 1864, with the 84th Illinois. Colonel 
Waters. 75th Illinois. Colonel Bennett. 36th Indiana. Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Carey, 30tb Indiana. Lieutenant Colonel 
Hurd. 80th Illinois. Lieutenant Colonel Kilgour. and 24th 
Ohio. Lieutenant Colonel Cockerill, with Battery H. 4th U. 
S. Artillery, Lieutenant Hulman ; effective force, officers 
and men, 1.796. My Brigade having the advance, the 36th 
Indiana marching in front, we moved toward Red Clay, or 
" Counsel Ground." on the Georgia State line, a distance of 
eight miles, arriving there at 12:30 p. m I was there or- 
dered bj T the General commanding the Division to move on 
the road toward Dalton. and if possible find the enemy. I 
advanced three miles to Wade's and found the enemy's 
pickets, drove them, and directed Captain Vananthwerp. 
with his Company of the 4th Michigan Cavalry, to pursue 
them, which he did promptly one and a half miles. Upon the 
Cavalry rejoining the Brigade we returned to Red Clay and 
rested for the night. February 23d we marched with the 
Division. via-Dr. Lee's house, twelve miles to near Catoosa 
Springs. Georgia, to make a junction with the Fourteenth 
Corps, and arrived there about 9 o'clock p. m. February 
24th we marched back east to Dr. Lee's house, with the 
Division. I was here directed to move southeast toward Dal- 
ton. crossing the ridge three miles north of the place known 
as Tunnel Hill, with my Infantry and one section of Artil- 
lery, the latter under command of Lieutenant Stansbury. I 



SEVEN DAYS BEFORE DALTON. 203 

passed the first and a second ridge 1o a road running south 
on the eastern base of the latter, along the road to Neil's 
farm, six miles from Dalton. At this point I made a junc- 
tion with Colonel Long,in command of six hundred Cavalry. 
lie was in position and skirmishing with the enemy. He 
had left Charleston, Tennessee, passed around on Spring 
I Mace Road, thence west by Varnell's Station to the position 
at which I found him. Neil's farm is six miles northwest 
of Dalton. and three miles north of the Chattanooga & Dal- 
ton railroad. We both advanced on the wagon road south 
toward Glaze's house at the railroad. The ridge to our 
right at this place (Neil's house) soon changes to the 
southeasl and continues that direction until it passes be- 
yond Davis' house at the western base of the ridge, at 
which point the road crosses to the west side of the ridge. 
Five hundred yards beyond and southeast from the pas- 
sage of the road over the ridge, a gorge separates the 
ridge, through which a creek flows to the west, south of 
which the ridge bears to the west of south one and a fourth 
miles to the railroad, at a point three miles north of west 
from Dalton and at a point one and a half miles east of the 
gorge through Rocky Face Ridge or Buzzard Roost, form- 
ing a valley east of Rocky Face Ridge about one and a 
half miles wide, running from Davis' house south to the 
railroad a like distance. We steadily advanced. Colonel 
Long talcing the Lead, and drove the enemy from all the 
ridge north of the creek. Upon entering the valley Col- 
onel Long's command passed to the right along the base 
of the ridge to the west. The 84th and 75th Illinois Infan 
i vy were moved forward in the valley on the Left of the Cav- 
alry, covering the slope of the eastern ridge wit h skirmish- 
ers i brown forward and to the Left to cover the ridge and 
llanlc of the line. The 24th Ohio was thrown forward in 
rear of the Cavalry to supporl them. In this form we 
pressed the enemy to within three hundred yards of the 
railroad, the command of Colonel Long driving the rebel 
Infantry ou1 of their camp immediately a1 the road. We 
continued in this position, skirmishing in front, for some 
time, when lines of the enemy's [nfantry commenced an 
advance upon us. A few well-directed rounds from the 
section of Artillery, with the aid of a heavy skirmish Line, 



204 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

brought them to a halt and put them under cover. It was 
now near night, and learning from the prisoners that Stew- 
art's rebel Division was in our front and Stevenson's near 
by. and not knowing that it was possible to have any as- 
sistance during the night, at dusk I withdrew the forces. 
leaving the Cavalry and 80th Illinois Infantry at Neil's 
farm and retiring the residue to Widow Burk's house, re- 
ported the facts and rested for the night. 

February 25th, at early day. Brigadier General Cruft, 
Division commander, promptly came up with the other two 
Brigades, and b'y his orders all moved forward to Neil's farm, 
the enemy having occupied the ridge where the road passes 
over toward Davis' house and for near a mile to the north. 
Our lines were soon formed, my Brigade on the ridge to the 
right, covering the summit and extending well over the 
western slope ; the 30th Indiana and 75th and HOth Illinois 
in the front line, from right to left in the order I have named 
them ; the 84th Illinois. 24th Ohio and 36th Indiana in the 
second line. The Second Brigade, Colonel Champion, formed 
on my left. Colonel Long's Cavalry extending his left, the 
other Brigade, Colonel Dickerman, in reserve. It was now 
about 9 a. m. Major General Palmer appeared on the field 
and wished to see me. I reported to him in front on the 
skirmish line. After consultation the General informed me 
that we would not advance until General Baird's Division 
should arrive in the valley to my right. About 11 o'clock 
all was ready, I sounded the forward, and the whole line 
moved off in splendid order. I rode with Colonel Bennett. 
75th Illinois, whose Battalion was the Battalion of Direction. 
I was upon the summit of the ridge, with good opportunities 
to observe well the movements and grandeur of the scene 
to the right and left of the long blue lines moving to battle. 
A grander sight my eye has never beheld. The direction 
was left oblique to keep the bearing of the ridge, my Artil- 
lery following the lines closely and bearing part at every 
halt. We had not more than started before the skirmishers 
became closely engaged in all the woodland covering the 
ridge. The advance was steady and rapid, clearing the 
enemy from the ridge as we went. When my lines had 
reached the creek at the gorge and beyond Davis' house in 
the valley, the skirmishers well advanced beyond, a Staff 



SEVEN DAYS BEFORE DALTON. 205 

Officer rode up and informed me that General Palmer de- 
sired me to have halted on the ridge. I at once halted where 
1 was. We remained in this position during the afternoon, 
having heavy skirmishing and Artillery practice in the 

meantime, the enemy occupying the ridge and valley south 
of the e reek that I had possession of the day before. W i 1 h 
ten thousand more men to our left. Dalton. no doubt, would 
have fallen an easy prey to our arms. At night, the object 
of the reconnoissance being ended, we were ordered and 
with the Division retired to Dr. Lee*s farm, on the west of 
the Tunnel Hill range of ridges and three miles north of 
that place. 

February 26th. at about 9 o'clock a. m.. I moved my com- 
mand southeast one mile, on to the ridge two miles north 
of the Tunnel, threw out some skirmishers on to the east- 
ern slope, met some rebel Cavalry that was attempting to 
follow us. and drove them out of sight and hearing. In the 
evening we moved down southwest into the valley at Israel's 
house, rested until 9 o'clock p. m.. was ordered and marched 
westward to the •• Stone Church. " near Catoosa Platform, 
ami rested the remainder of the night. February 27th we 
started at 12 o'clock noon and marched to Ewing's farm. 
north nine miles, and camped for the night. February 28th 
we marched at 7 o'clock a. m. . and arrived in cam}) at this 
place at 12 o'clock noon; command in good condition. I 
can with pleasure refer to the prompt and willing co-oper- 
ation and obedience of the officers and men of my command 
during this short campaign, and I regard myself as truly 
fortunate in being surrounded by first-class officers, both 
of Infantry and Artillery, and braver soldiers never went 
upon a battle field. 

My Staff Officers and non-commissioned Staff have alike 
niv kindest regards for their efficient aid and assistance 
during the dangers and fatigues. 

My sincere condolence and high appreciation of the 
merits of fallen braves attend them. Major Watson. 75th 
Illinois, wounded by a falling tree, effects of Artillery tiring. 
deserves notice as a noble officer. I hope lie may soon 
recover. 

The following shows the casualties of the Brigade while 
on the reconnoissance : 



206 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 





KILLED. 


WOUNDED. 


missing. 


TOTAL. 


AG- 




*C | tE 


c 


E 


C | E 


c 


E 


GATE 


75th Illinois . . 
80th Illinois . . 
84th Illinois . . 
30th Indiana. . 
36th Indiana. . 
24th Ohio .... 
Bat. H, 4th A. 




1 


1 


6 
4 
3 

2 

12 
1 


1 


3 


-' 


6 
4 
3 
3 
3 

12 
1 


8 
4 
3 
3 
3 

12 
1 


Totals 




1 | 


1 


28 


1 


3 


2 


32 


34 



For more detailed accounts I refer to the accompanying 
reports of the Regimental and Battery commanders. Ex- 
hibit "A" herewith, gives the topography of the ground 
in the vicinity of the contest. 

All of which is respectfully submitted. 
I have the honor to be, Major, your humble servant, 

W. Grose, 
Colonel commanding. 

The loss in this movement was light to the Brigade 
and the 36th Indiana, probably a couple of hundred loss 
to each of the tw T o Armies. As a reconnoissance to the 
Union side it was necessary and a success ; it seemingly 
recalled two Divisions that General Johnston had sent 
against General Sherman toward Knoxville. The chief 
advantages to General Grant were the development of 
the strength, position and purposes of General John- 
ston. 

Having ended the defensive. General Thomas now 
commenced preparations for the offensive spring cam- 
paign. February ended with the situation by no means 
developed. Neither were the plans of General Johnston 
in any way indicated; contradictory reports were daily 
received. Yet the rebel Army of Johnston still remained 



Commissioned officers. I Unlisted men. 



PREPARING FOR THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. I 1 !)? 

at Dal ton. with his Cavalry harrassing the Lines of trans 
portation of the Federal Army. 

On the 17th of March General Grant was appointed 
Lieutenant General in command of the entire Army of 
the United States, and General Sherman was assigned to 
the command of the Division of the Mississippi, which 
gave the contemplated campaign into Georgia a closer 
relation to operations against Lee's Army in Virginia 
than had previously existed between movements Eas1 
and West. 

The union of the Armies of the Cumberland, Tennes- 
see and Ohio in a campaign south from Chattanooga as 
a base, had been determined upon, and preparations of 
the grandest dimensions possible were at once begun 
with vigor. 

General Johnston also was not idle, though he was 
restrained in his preparations for an offensive movement 
that it was expected in the South and by the Davis 
government he would be able to make in such force as 
to change the battle-fields to the North, rather than to 
the South — which the enemies of the Government did 
not realize. 

During April careful and vigilant attention was given 
to roads and to ascertain the location of the enemy, so 
as to be ready for a general advance of the united 
Armies. And important changes were made in the 
Army of the Cumberland, which, as affecting the First 
Division, were as follows : 

Fourth Army Corps.- Major General 0. O. Howard 
commanding. 

First Division.— Major General David S. Stanley 
commanding. 

First Brigade.— General Charles Crufl commanding. 
1st Kentucky Infantry. 2d Kentucky Infantry. 21st Illi- 
nois Infantry. 38th Illinois Infantry. 31s1 Indiana Infan- 



208 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

try. 81st Indiana Infantry, 90th Ohio Infantry. 101st 
Ohio Infantry. 

Second Brigade. — General W. C. Whittaker command- 
ing. 21st Kentucky Infantry. 35th Indiana Infantry. 84th 
Indiana Infantry. 40th Ohio Infantry. 51st Ohio Infantry. 
99th Ohio Infantry, 96th Illinois Infantry. 115th Illinois 
Infantry. 

Third Brigade. — Colonel William Grose commanding. 
9th Indiana Infantry, 30th Indiana Infantry, 36th Indiana 
Infantry. 59th Illinois Infantry, 75th Illinois Infantry, 
80th Illinois Infantry, 84th Illinois Infantry, 77th Penn- 
sylvania Infantry. 

Artillery. — 5th Indiana Battery. Battery B, Independent 
Pennsylvania. 



CHAPTER X. 

THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 

On the 29th of April a tentative advance was made 
by General Baird. having reference to the general move- 
ment contemplated for the united Armies under General 
Sherman. He sent a Cavalry force under General Kil- 
patrick, supported by Colonel Vandeveer*s Brigade, to 
feel the position of the enemy at Tunnel Hill. These 
forces encountered the enemy and drove him some dis- 
tance, which developed a greatly superior force, and 
they were compelled to withdraw. 

On the first of May, 1864, was a crisis of the war. 
Two of the largest Armies hitherto assembled. East or 
West, were in readiness to move against the enemy at 
the bidding of the Lieutenant General. The objective 
points of these Armies were distinct, but the common 
object was the immediate suppression of the rebellion. 
The object was to crush Lee*s Army covering Richmond, 
and Johnston's standing before Dalton. These two 
Armies were the remaining life of the wicked rebellion. 
General Grant was to forbid the transfer of troops from 
Virginia to Georgia by vigor of attack, and General 
Sherman was to press Johnston to the extent that he 
could not send Lee help from Georgia to Virginia, The 
campaigns. East or West, had never been undertaken 
under conditions of similar promise, and the loyal people, 
were hopeful of an early and complete success. 

The Fourth Corps lay about Cleveland. Grose's Bri- 
gade at Blue Springs with most of the Division, await- 



210 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

ing' orders to move, which came to march on the 3d day 
of May. General Grose at the time had leave of absence 
for home to attend the marriage of his daughter. The 
Regimental commanders of the Brigade, learning the 
facts, visited him and requested him not to leave, but to 
remain with the command upon the forward movement, 
to which he consented, and missed the wedding. 

The official report of the part taken in the campaign 
by the Brigade, in full detail, is as follows : 

Headquarters Third Brigade, First i 

Division. Fourth Army Corps, 

Atlanta. Ga., September 5, 1864. ) 

< 'aptain E. D. Muxoik 

Ass'f Adft Gen., First Division: 

Sir : In completion of my duties in connection with the 
arduous campaign just closed, I have the honor to report 
the part taken therein by my command ; the 59th Illinois, 
Colonel Post ; 75th Illinois, Colonel Bennett ; 84th Illinois, 
Colonel Waters ; 80th Illinois. Lieutenant Colonel Kilgour ; 
9th Indiana. Colonel Suman ; 36th Indiana. Lieutenant Col- 
onel Carey ; 30th Indiana. Captain Dawson ; 77th Pennsyl- 
vania. Captain Lawson. to which was attached Battery B. 
Pennsylvania ; effective force, officers and men. about 2,900. 
By orders from Major General Stanley. Division comman- 
der, we inarched with the balance of his command, on the 
3d day of May. 1864, from our camp at Blue Springs, near 
Cleveland, Tenn., to Red Clay, on the Georgia State line, 
and camped for the night. May 4th we marched with the 
Division to Catoosa Springs. Georgia, with light skirmish- 
ing, for concentration with the Army, where we rested until 
May 7th, when we advanced with the Corps, drove the enemy 
from and took possession of Tunnel Hill, Georgia. For 
several succeeding days we advanced upon and ineffectually 
endeavored to drive the enemy from Rocky Face Ridge, in 
our front. My position was on the left of the rail and wagon 
road leading through Buzzard Roost Gap. on the Dalton 
roads. The enemy had strongly fortified this pass and the 
high ridge on either side. I had some previous knowledge 



THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. I'll 

of the position and knew that it was impregnable to our 
assaults, but in obedience to orders we frequently made the 
attempt, with a heavy skirmish line at which my loss was 
about forty men. Finally, a portion of our Army havin°- 
passed the ridge further south, on the morning of the L3th 
of May it was found thai the enemy had retired from our 
front, when I was ordered and moved in pursuit on the Dal- 
ton road, but soon came up with the rear- guard of the retreat- 
ing enemy and skirmishing commenced. We drove them to 
and through Dalton. My forces (9th and 36th Indiana) 
were the first to enter the place, so long a stronghold of 
the enemy. We continued the pursuit, and at about ll* m., 
three miles south of Dalton. on the Resaca road, we came 
upon the enemy in line upon a high, wooded hill. As we 
approached he opened upon us with a Battery of Artillery. 
Our Artillery was placed in position and a heavy duel com- 
menced across a large, open farm, with a low valley be- 
tween. The 9th and 36th Indiana, supported on the right 
by the 84th Illinois, were ordered into line and advanced 
across the valley "double quick.'* under a heavy fire, as- 
cended the wooded hill, drove the enemy from his barricades 
and carried the place, with very light loss. This was the 
last of our fighting for the day. We advanced a few miles 
to the right, entered Sugar Valley and camped, with the 
Corps in line, for the night. 

May 14th. — Early this morning our Corps moved toward 
the enemy's posh ion at Resaca. on the right bank of Aus- 
tanoola River, Georgia, At about 12 m. we came upon 
the enemy in position about three miles from the river. 
The face of the country, rough and hilly, interspersed with 
small farms, but mostly heavy woodland with thick under- 
brush. I was directed and put my command in position, 
in double lines, on the lefl of General Hazen's Brigade of 
General Wood's Division. The 77th Pennsylvania, H()th 
Illinois. 75th Illinois and 30th Indiana in the front lines. 
The ground was too rough for the Artillery to move with 
us. At about 1 o'clock General Wood informed me that he 
was ready to advance, and I had received orders to advance 
in conjunction with his Division. The other two Brigades 
of our Division were to have been in line on my left, but 
did not come up. and the lines advanced about L* o'clock, my 



I'll 1 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Brigade on the extreme left of the advancing lines. We 
drove the enemy from the woodland in which we formed, 
across a farm in my front, through another woodland, 
thence over another small valley farm, and over a high 
wooded hill beyond, upon which we were ordered to halt, a 
farm in a valley to our front and the enemy fortified on the 
wooded hills beyond. Here I caused barricades to be con- 
structed in front of my front lines. Late in the afternoon 
the other two Brigades of our Division came up and took 
position on my left. The enemy near night advanced upon 
them and drove them back. When I discovered them giv- 
ing way I immediately formed a line from my rear Regi- 
ments facing to my left perpendicular to the rear, to pro- 
tect the left flank of the main line. This new formation 
was made by the 59th Illinois, one wing of the 84th Illinois 
and 36th Indiana. It was formed and ready for action, 
with skirmishers out, in less than ten minutes. Our Bat- 
teries in the meantime had been brought up and put in 
position, under the command and personal supervision of 
the gallant, brave and lamented Captain Symonson of the 
5th Indiana Battery, on the left of this flank line. But the 
enemy moved rapidly forward toward and to the left of the 
Batteries, with, as he thought, no doubt, a sure prize be- 
fore him. But the ever-ready Major General Jo Hooker 
was advancing with his Corps at this point, and met the 
advancing enemy, engaged and drove him back with severe 
punishment. My front line was engaged at long range 
with the enemy while the fight with Hooker was going on. 
Night soon threw her mantle over the bloody scene, and 
all was quiet except continued skirmishing. In this day's 
battle some of our bravest and best officers and men were 
amongst the fallen. My Acting Assistant Inspector Gen- 
eral, Captain Davis, 77th Pennsylvania, brave, good soldier, 
fell here. 

May 15th. — Major General Hooker's Corps advanced on 
my left, my left swinging round to assist, and a severe en- 
gagement ensued in which we gained signal advantages, 
capturing prisoners and Artillery, and the enemy had to 
retreat during the night, leaving most of his dead and 
wounded in our possession. 

May 16th. — We jmrsued the retreating enemy, crossed 



THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 213 

the Austanoola at Resaca, advanced to near Calhoun and 
camped for the night. 

May 17th. — Advanced, encountering the enemy's rear 
with heavy skirmishing, to near Adairsville, Georgia and 
lay for the night, My command not engaged today. 

May 18th. Passed Adairsville, the enemy retreating 
with light skirmishing, and camped on the Kingston road 
for the night. 

May i9th.-Moved on to Kingston, found the enemy in 
position, attacked and drove him. most of Fourth Corps 
engaged. My command captured enemy's hospitals, with 
property, etc. Continued to drive the enemy, with heavy 
skirmishing and Artillery firing on both sides, so at night- 
fall the enemy was driven into his prepared trenches on a 
high ridge to the southeast of Cassville. At this point we 
made a junction with the Twentieth Corps. Major General 
Hooker, and during the night the enemy a^ain retreated 
crossing the Etawah River, seven miles distant, burning the 
bridges behind him. Our loss not heavy. 

We rested in camp at Cassville until May 23. when we 
marched ; crossed the Etawah River to the right of the 
Atlanta road, and camped at Euharlee. 

May 24th. -Marched to Burnt Hickory. 

May 25th. — Advanced toward Dallas, crossed Pumpkin- 
vine Creek; rested in reserve in rear of Major General 
Hooker s Corps while he had heavy fighting in front, late 
in the evening. 

May 26th.— Moved into position on left of Twentieth 
Corps, pressed close upon the enemy's lines and fortified 
four miles north of Dallas. 

May 27th.— Changed position to the left, relieving Gen- 
eral Wood's troops. Close skirmishing all day. 

May 28th.— Advanced; drove in the enemy's outposts 
and fortified. 

May 29th. -Advanced the Battery to front line. Heavy 
skirmishing. During the night the enemy attacked and was 
repulsed with severe loss. We continued the varied scenes 
some changes in position with heavy skirmishing until the 
mght of the 4th of June. whea the enemy withdrew from 
our front. 

June (5th.- Marched with the Corps east ten miles, to 



l!14 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

within two and a half miles of Ackworth, on the railroad, 
where we remained with comparative quiet until June 10th, 
when we moved three miles southeast and found the enemy 
in strong position on Pine Mountain, in my front. Skir 
mishing commenced and continued until the night of the 
13th of June, when the enemy retired, and my Brigade ad- 
vanced upon the mountain early on the morning of June 
14th. On this mountain is where Bishop Polk. General of 
the rebel Army, fell by a shot from the 5th Indiana Battery, 
under Captain Symonson. The Battery was in position at 
the front and right of my lines. We pursued the enemy two 
miles to his new position, and found him strongly fortified. 

June 16th. — Advanced my lines of trenches with hard 
skirmishing. On this day we had the misfortune to lose 
the brave and gallant officer. Captain Symonson, our Chief 
of Artillery. 

June 17th. — The enemy again withdrew. We pursued, 
Wood's Division in front, with heavy skirmishing. 

June 19th. — The enemy retired during the night. We 
pursued, my Brigade in advance. At two miles we came 
upon the enemy upon the east side of a large farm. My 
lines were formed for an attack, the 9th and 36th Indiana 
and 80th and 84th Illinois in the front line, advanced and 
drove the enemy from his position and into his fortifica- 
tions upon Kenesaw Mountain and the adjacent hills. My 
loss was severe, particularly in officers. Lieutenant Bow- 
man, 36th Indiana, fell mortally wounded, bravely leading 
his men in the advance. 

June 20th. — Contest continued, the enemy trying to hold, 
and we to drive him from a swamp between our main 
trenches, in which we succeeded, but were compelled to 
abandon a portion of the ground because of a destructive 
tire from the enemy's Artillery bearing thereon from his 
main works. Upon the evening of this day the !)th Indiana, 
afterward relieved by the 59th Illinois, was mo'ved across 
the creek to the right to assist the Second Brigade. General 
Whittaker. I have seen by the newspapers that the enemy 
made seven unsuccessful assaults on the lines of this Bri- 
gade at this point. I will have to refer to the reports of 
Colonel Suman, 9th Indiana, and Colonel Post, 59th Illinois. 
for the facts in the premises, as they participated in what- 



THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 215 

ever fighting took place. In these two days the losses in 
my command were very heavy. 

June 21st. — On this day I was ordered to send my rear 
Regiments to the right of the Division to support the Pirsl 
Brigade in an attack and critical position, and accordingly 
moved with the 84th and 80th Illinois. 30th Indiana and 
77th Pennsylvania to the position indicated, and was placed 
in reserve. 

June 22d. — Moved with the whole Brigade during after- 
noon and night two miles to the right, to support and relieve 
a part of the Twentieth Corps. Took position in close prox- 
imity to the enemy, and fortified. 

June :23d. — Was ordered and made an attack on the ene- 
my's line, which was unsuccessful and with fearful loss upon 
our skirmish line, heavily formed Lieutenant Hendricks. 
36th Indiana, an accomplished young officer.fell dead in this 
attack, pierced by a minie ball. 

June 24th, 25th and 26th. — Heavy firing at the entrenched 
position of the enemy, four hundred and fifty yards distant. 

June 27th. — Heavy assault made upon the enemy's lines 
at various points. My. command was in one line, all in the 
tnmches, and was not to advance, yet suffered considerable 
loss. The assault failed, with heavy loss to our arms. 

Heavy skirmishing and Artillery tiling kept up on both 
sides until the night of the I'd of July, when the enemy re- 
treated under cover of the night and loosed his hold and 
position on Kenesaw Mountain and vacated Marietta. 

July 3d.— Pursued the enemy early, my Brigade in ad- 
vance. 59th Illinois first to enter Marietta. Found the enemy 
in the evening five miles from Marietta, on Atlanta road, 
strongly entrenched. 

July 4th. — Celebrated this National anniversary by a 
charge over a large corn farm, carried the enemy's outer 
works, taking many prisoners, with a loss of eighty-nine 
killed and wounded in my Brigade. Held the position until 
night, under cover of winch the enemy withdrew four miles 
to the Chattahoochee River. Captain Hale. Brigade Officer 
of the Day. of the 75th Illinois, one of 1 he best officers of the 
Army, tell here. 

July 5th. — Pursued the enemy, Wood's Division in front, to 
the rivei-. Continued skirmishing untilJuly loth. Marched 
five miles up the river. 



216 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY'. 

July 12th. — Crossed the Chattahoochee; marched clown 
the left bank and encamped at Powers' Ferry, in front of 
the 23d Corps, with our Corps. The 36th Indiana com- 
menced and built while here a trestle bridge over the river, 
which was completed on the 16th of July. 

July 18th. — Moved from Powers' Ferry, with Corps, to 
near Buck Head, south seven miles. 

July 19th. — Advanced across Peach Tree Creek. 75th 
Illinois in advance, skirmished, drove the enemy from, de- 
stroyed bridge and rebuilt the same. 

July 20th. — Moved with the Division. Second Brigade in 
front, crossed South Peach Tree Creek, came upon the for- 
tified position of the enemy and went into line on the right 
of the Second Brigade. Attacked the rifle-pits of the rebels 
and carried the same, taking forty-three prisoners. 

July 21st. — Advanced my lines and fortified, skirmished 
all day. At night the enemy retired. 

July 22d. — Pursued the enemy at 3 o'clock a. m. ; came 
up to him at sunrise in his fortifications in front of Atlanta. 
Georgia, on the north, two miles from the center of the city. 
Took position, the balance of the Division came up on the 
left. Wood's Division on the right. Here we entrenched, 
skirmished with the enemy daily, took up his picket lines 
twice. capturing most of them. until the 27th of July. Major 
General Stanley being assigned to command the Corps. I 
came in and assumed command of the Division. 

August 5th. — Relieved from command of Division and 
assigned as Brigadier to the command of the Brigade again. 
On this day. by orders from Corps headquarters, the Brigade 
attempted an assault on the enemy's works and lost thirty- 
six men. amongst whom were the brave Captain Walker, of 
the 77th Pennsylvania, and the gallant young officer. Lieu- 
tenant Willard. of the 36th Indiana. 

August 22d. — Marched at 3 o'clock with six Regiments 
two miles to the left, struck the enemy's out picket line, 
drove them, captured eight prisoners, made demonstration 
and returned with small loss. 

On the 15th of August the 84th Indiana, Lieutenant Col- 
onel Neff. was transferred to my Brigade and the 59th Illi- 
nois to the Second Brigade. 

With frequent skirmishing and changes of lines and posi- 



THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 217 

lions of Regiments, this Brigade substantially remained in 
the same position in the siege of Atlanta from the morning 
of the -I'd of July until the night of the 25th of August, 
when we received orders and marched to the right seven 
miles to Procter's Creek, and rested until daylight on the 
morning of August 26th, when, starting at 8 o'clock a. m., 
we moved, with the Corps, seven miles south across Utoy 
Creek, and camped for the night. 

August 27th. — Marched with Corps four miles south to 
Camp Creek, and camped. 

August 28th. — Marched southeast three miles to Red Oak 
station, on West Point Railroad, striking this road twelve 
miles southeast from Atlanta. 

August 29th. — Lay still and fortified. 

August 30th. — Marched to Shoal Creek, five miles. 

August 3 1 st. — The Army of the Tennessee fighting today 
in front and on the west of Jonesboro, Georgia. Our Corps 
advanced east ; met Cavalry behind works on east bank of 
.Flint River. My Brigade was formed, 9th Indiana, 84th Illi- 
nois and 84th Indiana in front line, and with a strong skir- 
mish line drove the enemy from their position and advanced, 
Wood's Division in front and the Twenty-third Corps on our 
left, and both Corps struck the Macon Railroad about 4 
o'clock p. m. and fortified the position, my command in line 
on the right of the Division, the Second Division, General 
Newton, extending my right, our Corps fronting south. All 
quiet during the night. 

September 1st. — Our Division marched at 6 o'clock a.m., 
First Brigade in advance, moving on the railroad toward 
Jonesboro. and under orders spent most of the day in the 
destruction of the railroad as we advanced. About 4 o'clock 
p. m. the advance Brigade of our Division made a junction 
with the left of the Fourteenth Corps, on the railroad, at a 
point about two miles north of Jonesboro. The First Bri- 
gade formed in line, its right near or upon the railroad. I 
was ordered by General Kimball to prolong the left of the 
First Brigade, which I did, without halting until my advance 
was checked by getting into a thick bramble of underbrush 
and a swamp in a dense woodland, through which it was im- 
possible to ride ; and the enemy, with a heavy skirmish line 



218 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

in our front and his Artillery in reach playing upon us, con 
tributecl to impede our progress. The course or direction 
when I entered the woods seemed to be about south, and 
upon emerging from it. at a distance of a half to three - 
fourths of a mile, the Brigade to my right had shifted to 
the right to such an extent that I had to move right oblique 
to fill the space, and my left swing around so that when my 
lines came upon the lines of the enemy behind barricades 
my front was about southwest ; and by the time we got the 
lines straightened up and the enemy's skirmishers driven 
back, and the position of the enemy discovered, night came 
on, yet my lines, 77th Pennsylvania, 84th and 80th Illinois 
and 9th Indiana in front line, pressed forward under a heavy 
cannister fire from the enemy's guns to within three hun- 
dred yards of the enemy's barricaded lines. When the 
fighting ceased at dark one of General Newton's Brigades 
had moved up toward my left, and his skirmish line con- 
nected with the left of my front battle line. The barricade 
of the enemy ceased opposite the left of my lines. During 
the night the enemy withdrew. 

September 2d. — At early day I advanced my Brigade into 
the enemy's vacated works, issued rations, and marched in 
pursuit of the enemy on the road toward Lovejoy, my Bri- 
gade in the advance of our Division, the Second and Third 
Divisions of our Corps in advance of me. At about 1 or 2 
o'clock p. m. our advance came upon the enemy, and in the 
deploying of the column I was ordered and moved to the 
left of the railroad about one and. a half miles. Formed my 
lines, 84th Indiana, 84th Illinois and 75th Illinois in front 
line, in a cornfield on the left of Colonel Knefler's Brigade 
of Wood's Division, and advanced as rapidly as the ground, 
very rough and hilly, would permit. We soon came upon 
the enemy in rifle-pits about five hundred yards in advance 
of his main works ( heavy trenches ) ; assaulted and carried 
the pits, taking most of the men in them prisoners. Our 
advance skirmishers went beyond these pits toward the 
main works of the enemy, but were driven back with severe 
loss. Much of the injury I received here was from the 
enemy's Artillery, with cannister. Our Artillery did not 
come up until next day, nearly twenty four hours after the 



THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 219 

fight. My front lines maintained i heir positions at the line 
of these pits, and fortified them during the night. Colonel 
Taylor's Brigade soon came into position on my left. The 
loss in my command during these last two days was ninety, 
killed and wounded. Amongst the latter were Captain 
Brinton. my Acting Assistant Adjutant General, severe 
wound in arm ; Major Phillips. 77th Pennsylvania, arm off; 
Captain Fellows and Captain Taylor, 84th Indiana. All 
fell bravely at their posts. 

September 3d. — No change in position today, but much 
firing at each other's lines, with some casualties. So re- 
mained until the morning of September 5th, then twenty - 
six miles east of south of Atlanta, in front of Lovejoy. a 
station on the Macon Railroad and seventy-five miles from 
the latter place, when orders were received announcing that 
the campaign had ended and that the Army would fall back 
on Atlanta, rest for one month and " prepare for a fine win- 
ter's campaign." 

Thus ended the most eventful and successful campaign in 
the history of the war. The enemy driven from Dalton, his 
stronghold, over rivers and mountains, naturally strong 
military positions one after another were yielded up to the 
prowess of our arms until the " Gate City," Atlanta, was at 
last vacated to the onward march of our brave and gallant 
Armies. 

It is clue to the officers and men of my command to notice, 
in terms of gratification to myself and commendation to 
thorn, that better soldiers I never wish nor expect to com- 
mand ; all ready and willing to obey every order without 
regard to fatigue, peril or danger, without halt or hesitation. 
Many acts of distinguished valor could be mentioned that 
came under my immediate notice, but they are so numerous 
it would be impossible to do full justice to all. 

The effective force of my command, monthly, during the 
campaign, was as follows : May 30th, 1804, including Bat- 
tery,2,753; June 30th. including Battery, 2,739 ; July 31st, 
including Battery, 2,395; August 31st, without Battery. 
1.'. 171 1. 

The casualties of the campaign are as follows : 



220 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 



t i IMMAND. 


KILLED. 


WOUNDED. 


MISSING. 


TOTAL. 


AG- 




*c 


\E 


c 


E 


C 


E 


c 


* 


GATE 


59th Illinois . . 




10 


1 


53 




2 


1 


63 


66 


75th Illinois. . 


1 


10 


4 


53 






5 


63 


68 


80th Illinois.. 


' 


13 


5 


68 






5 


81 


86 


84th Illinois.. 




12 


1 


74 


1 




2 


86 


88 


9th Indiana. . . 




17 


8 


87 






8 


104 


112 


30th Indiana . . 




7 


6 


63 




7 


6 


76 


89 


36th Indiana. . 


'3 


9 


2 


52 






5 


61 


66 


77th Perm. . . . 


2 


7 


6 


77 




3 


8 


87 


98 


84th Indiana. . 




3 


3 


24 


1 




3 


28 


32 


Bat. B. Pa. Art, 


1 


1 


1 


13 






9 


14 


16 


Totals 


7 


89 


37 


564 


2 


12 


44 


666 


711 



This presents the bitter of such a brilliant campaign, and 
leaves many aching hearts, not only with families and 
friends at home, but these fallen heroes will ever be remem- 
bered and lamented by their comrades in arms, as the jewels 
sacrificed upon the altar of their country. 

A change of Provost Marshals inadvertantly deranged 
the papers, so I am now unable to give an accurate list of 
the prisoners captured by my command during the cam- 
paign, but the probable number was about five or six hun- 
dred. 

Prom my situation I have been unable to have the reports 
of Regimental commanders before me. and will respectfully 
refer to them, to be forwarded herewith, for more minute 
particulars and for a list of casualties in their respective 
commands. 

I am. Captain, your most obedient servant, 

W. Grose, 
Brigadier General commanding. 



On May 3d, 1864, the 36th Indiana moved forward 
upon the remarkable Atlanta campaign of four months' 
duration, one hundred days under fire, to Tunnel Hill, 
Rocky Face, first to enter Dalton, thence to Resaca, 



* Commissioned officers, t Enlisted men. 



MUSTERED OUT OF SERVICE. 221 

Austanoola River, Adairsville, Cassville, Etawah, Pump- 
kinvine Creek, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain. Mari- 
etta, Chattahoochee River, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, 
and around the Gate City to the Macon Railroad and 
Jonesboro, in the center of the great State of Georgia 
and the very heart of the Confederacy, where, on the 
3d of September, after this long, continuous battle, 
wherein it had assisted in driving the enemy from every 
stronghold for one hundred and fifty miles, over rivers 
and mountains, naturally strong military positions, in- 
cluding the noted Gate City, it was announced to the 
36th: "Timeout; cease firing ! You have served your 
country well during these long years." We would not 
say that this Regiment served better than any other, 
but can safely say that none served better than the 80th 
Indiana Volunteers. 

The Regiment, including 122 recruits, numbered in the 
aggregate 1,144, officers and enlisted men. From Shiloh 
to Jonesboro the loss is showm to be, in killed, wounded 
and missing, 486. This does not include those who died 
from other causes, of whom there were several. 

At the reunion of the Regiment in 1890 there were 
L54 present and letters from four others, and in 1891 
but a few less, with a less favorable time for the 
reunion. We conclude from the foregoing and other 
facts that there are yet surviving members of the Regi- 
ment about 300, most likely a little above that number. 
The beauties in meeting these ex-soldiers are that you 
find them apparently thoughtful, sensible, well-preserved, 
sober members of society and worthy citizens. Will 
these soldiers and comrades ever forget each other, or 
fail to remember the wonderful springtime of '61 ? 
Certainly none who felt its wondrous thrill. A day of 
that inspired and splendid era was well worth a com- 
mon lifetime. Our ears tingle yet with the sound of 



222 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Sumter's cannon. How the wide land kindled with a 
single flame of zeal, and the watchword rang from sea 
to sea, "The Union forever!" We have no apologies 
to make today for having rallied 'round the flag at the 
call of Lincoln and made those splendid marches, led by 
a Sherman, a Logan, a Thomas or a Grant. 

We are not ashamed today of the cause that started 
us on those campaigns which cost the Nation so dear, 
whose bloody path crossed the width of a dozen warlike 
States and whose dark memories are perpetuated in half 
a million freemen's graves. There was reason in the 
wrath that flashed into the tremendous blaze of frater- 
nal war. The Union soldier did his part, and we are 
willing to defend it. 

Pursuant to orders the Regiment left for Indianapolis, 
except the. veterans and recruits, and was mustered out 
at that city on the 21st day of September, 1864. 

The few remaining veterans and recruits were then 
organized into a Residuary Battalion of one Company, 
with Captain John P. Swisher Captain thereof, Lieuten- 
ant Samuel V. Templin First Lieutenant, and Calvin C. 
McLain Second Lieutenant. This Company, after At- 
lanta and the muster-out of the Regiment, remained 
with the command of General Grose, mostly on duty at 
his headquarters. It participated in the battles of 
Franklin and Nashville, with an active part therein. 
After Nashville Captain Swisher, with his Company, 
took part in the pursuit of Hood's broken Army to the 
Tennessee River, thence, with the command of General 
Grose, to Huntsville, Alabama, and continued with the 
Third Brigade until July 12th, 1865, when, by order of 
General Sheridan, it was transferred to the Residuary 
Battalion of the 30th Indiana Regiment and made Com- 
pany H thereof, moving soon thereafter, with the old 
Fourth Corps, to New Orleans, thence into Texas, and 



SERVICE OF THE RESIDUARY BATTALION. 223 

late in the fall of that year was mustered out and re- 
turned to home and friends. Valiant and tried soldiers ! 
They marched and fought under and about the old em- 
blem of human liberty, indicating the same as it did 
over a hundred years ago. It was the comrade of 
Washington, Adams, Franklin. Hancock, Hamilton, Jef- 
ferson. Madison, Monroe, Jackson, Harrison and Scott, 
and at a later period re-baptized in fire and blood the 
comrade of Lincoln, Grant, Sherman. Sheridan, Thomas, 
Logan and millions more, including the 36th Indiana 
Regiment, who assisted to carry the grand old flag 
forward, higher, grander, with more pow T er and influence 
at home and abroad than ever before. 



PART II. 



ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 

The names of great men are household words. The 
centuries since man began to make a record have been 
marked with illustrious names. They have not occurred 
often, but as frequent perhaps as one in a century. 
Nature having but a limited quantity of the greatest 
quality, it may be that heroic virtues are dealt out 
sparingly, that they may accomplish the greatest good 
among the sons of men. But the great problem to 
solve is that some of the most illustrious in history 
have been the most vicious and in some cases most 
diabolical. What is there in the economy of nature 
that can explain why characteristics that have lifted a 
man high above his fellows, have been at the same 
time used to cause great injury rather than blessings 
to the world ? But so it is. and may continue for the 
future ; hence the heroes we may worship are just 
objects of criticism, and may be measured by the stand- 
ards which each must form for himself. He who leaps 
to quicker life at the sight of blood and carnage would 
look to Caesar as his type; he whose blood pulsates 
more rapidly upon assimilating with his own musings 
the exalted thoughts of others, would prefer Shake- 
speare to Caesar, and he who is sufficiently generous to 
unite with both these a love for his kind, a dislike for 
wrong wherever it causes injury or grief to the humble 
and lowly, will, above all other mortals for ages past, 
place the name of Abraham Lincoln. Great men who 
have dominated the world have depended upon their 
critics and admirers for the place they have occupied. 
The Friend Quaker seldom finds anything to admire in 
the battles of war. Heroes, therefore, are pleasing as 



228 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the observer's senses are gratified with respect to what- 
ever he may consider virtues in the subjects observed. 

What has been so far said applies with force to every 
man who has helped make history, with the exception 
of Lincoln. The greatest man in any age has been 
considered so only in specialties. If he has been a mil- 
itary hero, then usually great vices have been charged 
in the background. It may be stated as a fact that 
none have been aliowed to possess all the virtues con- 
templated by nature, until the rise of Lincoln. It is our 
purpose to make this as emphatic as possible, and to 
challenge contradiction if any be bold enough to make 
it. In the lower ranks there have been men at all 
times brave, pure and self-sacrificing, without blemish 
before men, but we are not speaking of them. We are 
dealing with those who have risen by their life and 
deeds to a position to create a new era in the world, 
which has changed the currents for good. Lincoln was 
one of this rank, and his life and works brought new 
forces with them which are not yet spent, but are still 
rolling on in volume and consequences, to direct our 
race for right, justice and pure humanity for all. Lin- 
coln, in history as in life, shines brilliantly at every 
angle, and his effulgence increases with time and scru- 
tiny ; not excellent in any one particular, but high in 
all. A many-sided man, and on every side strong and 
wonderfully equipped for the great career he ran. Lin- 
coln was with us when most needed for great good. 
Some may think it providential. If true that a Super- 
ior Power rules in the affairs of men on earth, then we 
have reason to believe that such an exercise of power 
intervened when Lincoln was ordained to be. Born in 
lowly life, yet his heart was warm enough to feel for 
the humblest. Born in a station by some estimated 
lower than the potentates of earth, yet in dignity, grace 



ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 229 

and honor he out-ranked them all, wearing the crown 
of manhood, humanity. Love to his fellow, that out- 
weighed all metal crowns on earth. This is not the 
voluptuous phrase of adulation ; these are truthful asser- 
tions, verified in the life of Lincoln. Could any other 
man then living in the United States have conducted 
affairs so as to have successfully saved the Government 
against the rebellion ? Reader, if you doubt this, name 
one in your own mind who would have done so well. 
Our volunteers, rugged, hardy yeomen, at the beginning 
prejudiced against close military discipline, all to be 
made into soldiers, and the Government without trained 
troops. But Lincoln, through his great captains, secured 
the training and obedience which brought efficiency to 
his Army. There was no serious complaint of his man- 
agement. No man living ever heard any complaint of 
the Commander-in-Chief by his subordinates. The next 
hardship to meet was an empty Treasury, the country 
in debt, no income, no credit. These obstacles were all 
overcome during the conflict, and the Government was 
rebuilt grander and stronger because of Abraham Lin- 
coln — 4i Of the people, by the people and for the 
people." It was officially proclaimed by Lincoln that 
there. should be no more slavery in these United States; 
that no man should any more sell another man. woman 
or child, even if he be the father of the latter, or hus- 
band of the woman. 

Rest, patriot, martyr, savior, friend, 

Defender of the poor ami weak. 
Thy glory shall not have an end 

While History has a voice to speak. 

— Parker. 
April 30, 1865. 



MORTON. 

Governor Morton had the most troublesome surround- 
ings, at a time beset with more difficulties, that ever fell 
to the lot of any other Governor of Indiana. 

The Governor, on the 14th day of January, 1861. qual- 
ified as Lieutenantr Governor and entered upon the dis- 
charge of his duties as such. The Legislature being in 
session, Henry S. Lane. Governor-elect, was elected to 
the Senate of the United States for six years, where- 
upon Lieutenant Governor Morton qualified as Gov- 
ernor, and immediately entered upon the duties of that 
office. The Governor then delivered the usual address 
to both houses of the Legislature, bespeaking a cour- 
teous discharge of their official duties. He pointed out 
in the address some peculations upon the money and 
property of the State, named the "Sinking Fund.*' 
"Swamp Lands" and "Stover Fraud." He kindly re- 
quested the co-operation of the Legislature to correct 
all abuses. The Governor also particularly called the 
attention of members to the cloud of disunion in the 
South, which even that early began to thicken and look 
serious. He appealed to them for mutual assistance to 
preserve the honor of the State and prevent it playing 
into the hands of the secessionists. The Governor con- 
ferred with the best and ablest men he could reach, with- 
out regard to party. The voters that had given support 
to the election of Lincoln, and many who supported 
Douglas for President, joined with the Governor and 
the Union party with a hearty good will, for the main- 
tenance of the Government against rebellion He re- 
ceived no help from a majority of that Legislature, and 
leading men in the State, hitherto some of them mem- 



OLIVER P. MORTON. 231 

bers of the Legislature, said --Not a dollar for the sup- 
port of the Government with its abolition war," while 
others would say, "I am not going to the Army myself 
and will not advise others to go." Morton was never a 
friend of half-way measures, nor did he seek advice of 
men of that cast. His position from the beginning was 
of the most decided character. He saw the honor of 
his State in danger and the perpetuity of the Govern- 
ment of the United States also in peril. A few days 
after the fall of Fort Sumter, in answer to peace prop- 
ositions from the Governor of Kentucky, Governor 
Morton wrote. "I will unite in any effort for the restor- 
ation of the Union and peace which shall be constitu- 
tional (on! honorable to Indiana and the Federal Govern- 
ment" A few days after he wrote further, so as to 
have no mistake between him and the Governor of Ken- 
tucky : "I hold that Indiana and Kentucky are but 
integral parts of the Nation, and as such are subject to 
the Government of the United States and bound to obey 
the requisitions of the President issued in pursuance of 
his constitutional authority : that it is the duty of every 
State Government to prohibit, by all means in its power, 
the transportation from within its own limits of arms, 
military stores and provisions to any State in open 
rebellion and hostility to the Government of the United 
States, and to restrain her citizens from all acts giving 
aid and comfort to the enemy." These words settled 
the peace question between the two Governors. Gov- 
ernor Magoffin, of Kentucky, was in sympathy with a 
majority of the members of the Indiana Legislature, 
and both in sympathy with the States fomenting dis- 
union and pro-slavery sentiments, and would have 
broken down the Federal Government, or contributed to 
the perpetuity of the slave power in the Government of 
the United States, for the coming ages. 



232 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Surrounded by these adverse elements, Governor Mor- 
ton stood firmly by the policy of Lincoln's administra- 
tion, which was his own, and said: "We will have sol- 
diers, equip, clothe and feed thorn ; we will have money 
to defray the State expenses and carry on the institu- 
tions of the State, whether voted out of the State 
Treasury or not." The Legislature refused all these. 
The Governor stood firm, obtained money from counties, 
bankers, the Federal Government, upon the pledge that 
the State should repay all. Who could have done this 
but Morton? He labored on without letup, had his 
agents at every battle field where an Indiana soldier 
was on duty, frequently was there himself, administering 
to the wants of the soldiers from Indiana. He stood a 
tower above all, and was styled the "War Governor" of 
Indiana. He labored on until the election of 1864, and 
was the great force in the campaign. The people ral- 
lied to his help, elected him Governor, and a Legislature 
friendly to him, by an overwhelming majority, and the 
Lincoln administration was sustained by the re-election 
of the great President. All the obligations of the State 
made by the promise of Morton were fully accounted for 
to a farthing and paid by the expressed will of the 
people of Indiana. 

No man of Indiana during that period could have 
accomplished what Oliver P. Morton did. His election 
to the United States Senate was but a fitting compli- 
ment for great service done. Yet he continued on duty, 
witli hard toil and valuable to his people, until Novem- 
ber 1st. 1*77, when, at fifty-four years of age, he pro- 
claimed his last words among men: "I am dying; I 
am worn out." 

"Who fought a Nation's battles bravely, 

Shorn of strength, lies at his Maker's feet; 
A chieftain's dead." 



GENERAL WILLIAM GROSE 

Was born at Dayton. Ohio, December 16, 1*1-. Both of 
his grandfathers served in the War of the Revolution. 
his grandfather Grose being killed in the service; and 
his father served in the War of L812, under General 
Harrison. The General received but a common school 
education. He was a Presidential Elector on the Pierce 
ticket, and Democratic Free- Soil candidate for Congress 
in 1852, but took part in the organization of the Repub- 
lican party at its formation, was a member of the Legis 
lature in 1856-7. He was chosen Judge of the Common 
Pleas Court in 1*60. served until August 23, 1861, when, 
at the request of Governor Morton, he resigned the 
Judgeship and went to Camp Wayne to recruit and 
organize the 36th Indiana Infantry, and was appointed 
Colonel thereof August ;!(). 1861. He completed the or- 
ganzation and reported to General Sherman at Louis- 
ville. Kentucky, in October, and in a few days General 
Buell gave the necessary orders to put the Regiment 
into active service, as shown heretofore in this volume. 
The General commanded the Regiment as Colonel until 
the first day of May. 1862, when he was ordered to the 
command of a Brigade in General Nelson's Division, 
and continued in command of. a Brigade, Division or 
Corps, to the end of the war. In June. L865, upon the 
tender of his resignation, he was detailed as President 
upon a court martial to sit at Nashville. Tennessee, for 
the trial of several offenders, by the order of General 
Thomas, with the promise that as soon as the court 
could complete the business that would come before it. 
the resignation would be approved and forwarded to 



234 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

the President of the United States for acceptance, 
which was done to take effect December 31, 1865. 

General Grose took part in all the battles of the 
Army of the Cumberland from and including- Shiloh to 
Nashville, inclusive, and arrived home from the service 
January 1. 1866, since which time he has filled several 
important civil positions, the duties of which he has en- 
deavored to faithfully discharge. And he loves to meet 
and be with his old comrades and friends at his quiet 
home in the city of New Castle. 

General Grose was married to Rebecca Needham. in 
Henry county, Indiana, on the 22d day of December, 
1836, who was the mother of his children ; Madison, now 
at Indianapolis ; Sarah M. Moore, now at Albuquerque, 
N. M.; Ella G. Clements, now at Washington, D. C; 
Adolphus M., now at Cincinnati. O. ; James L., now at 
Joliet. 111.; all married and self- sustaining. The mother 
died May 23, 1*79. loved by all the family. John W., 
another son, was a member of the Band of the 36th In- 
diana; died April 2s, 1872. Madison was also a 
member of the band, and Lieutenant, acted as Adju- 
tant for a time, was mustered oat, and enlisted in the 
9th Indiana Cavalry; commissioned Lieutenant in Com- 
pany E, served to the end of the war and was mus- 
tered out with the Regiment. The General married his 
second companion on the 19th of February, 1884. She 
was the widow of Dr. Black, of Delaware county, In- 
diana, an old aquaintance. 



The following reference to Shiloh is from "Private 
MS," in the •• Story of a Regiment," of the 6th Ohio, 
by Hannaford : 

'•At the top of the bank we met General Nelson. He 
asked us what command we were. I answered, 'Three 



REFERENCE TO SHILOH. 235 

Companies of the 6th Ohio.' He said: '6th Ohio. J ex- 
pect a good account from you. Reporl to Colonel Grose, 
36th Indiana. * Southgate (one of his Aides taken from our 
Regiment), show them where to go.' We marched to the 
rear of the 36th, which was already in line. Shells were 
whizzing overhead, and men were being wounded, behind 
us even. Colonel Grose was in front of his Regiment, as 
cool as an iceberg. I told him we had three Companies to 
report to him. He said he was glad to have us with him, 
and told us where to form, and I then hurried back to the 
men. About a hundred stragglers had been got together 
by some officers, and formed just in front of us; but just at 
this time a shell came plunging- along close to our heads, 
and the stragglers scattered quicker than a flash of light- 
ning. They troubled us no more after that. We were 
ordered to advance; then the order was countermanded, 
and the 36th moved forward alone toward a Battery, which 
the rebels were just getting ready to charge. The gallant 
36th gave them the compliments of Buell's Army, and the 
first lick from that hard old hitter. General Nelson. We 
advanced to a hollow, a position where we could protecl tin- 
left flank of the 36th. but Grose's men did not need such 
help, doing their work most splendidly without us. The 
battle soon died away, and the rebels retired to refresh 
themselves for the next day's contest, which was to drive 
us to the water's edge. For once, however, they counted 
too fast. • Buell was on the ground, and all night long his 
troops were arriving and getting into position for the mor- 
row's struggle." 

This helps to settle the question that the only fight- 
ing on Sunday evening (April 6th), done by any of 
Buelhs Army, was done by the 36th Indiana. Generals 
Nelson. Buell and Grant were all present at the forma- 
tion of the Regiment. Colonel Ainmen was hack- at the 
river. General Buell personally gave the orders to 
( Jolonel ( rrose to advance. 

* Aide of Colonel (.rose. 



COLONEL OLIVER H. P. CAREY 

Was born in 1819 at Connersville. Indiana. His father. 
Samuel Carey, was a Colonel in the War of 1812. Oli- 
ver's training and education took place mostly in Rush 
county, Indiana. , He was a son of toil, a harness-maker, 
until 1847, when he enlisted for service in the Army of 
the United States in the war with Mexico, in Colonel 
Lane's Regiment. On the passage to the seat of war, 
while on the Gulf, the steamer carrying the Regiment 
blew up, with much destruction of life among the troops. 
But Colonel Carey, with a portion of the men, made his 
way to shore, and after a inarch of sixty miles to Sa- 
bine City, reached the Army of General Scott. He 
served therein until the end of the war, with credit to 
himself as a soldier, attaining the rank of Captain, and 
was honorably mustered out. 

In 1861, upon the call of the President for 75,000 men 
to suppress the rebellion. Colonel Carey promptly volun- 
teered in the 8th Indiana Regiment for three months' 
service, being commissioned Lieutenant and promoted 
Captain in Company B, and was mustered out at the 
expiration of the term. He re-entered upon the re-or- 
ganization of the Regiment for three years, being made 
Captain of Company H of the line. On September 21st. 
1861, he was promoted Lieutenant Colonel of the 36th 
Indiana, and. as heretofore shown, faithfully served in 
that Regiment to the end of the three years, being com- 
missioned Colonel thereof, and was honorably mustered 
out with the Regiment September 21st, 1864. 

On the 18th of February, 1865, the Colonel was com- 
missioned Captain of Company D, 153d Indiana Infantry, 



COLONEL OLIVER H. P. CAREY. 237 

and on the first day of March following was appointed, 
commissioned and mustered as Colonel of the Regiment. 
He was ordered and moved with his Regiment to Louis- 
ville. Kentucky, and was on duty with detachments at dif- 
ferent points in that State. In June he was returned 
to Louisville and assigned to duty at Taylor Barracks, 
in that city, where he remained with his Regiment until 
the 4th of September. ISO"), when both were honorably 
mustered out of the service. 

Colonel Carey, the brave and gallant veteran, in early 
life inclined to be a soldier for his Government, served 
in two wars and five Regiments, passing through all 
with honor and credit to himself and the Government, 
after which he tilled honorable positions in civil life to 
the satisfaction of his people, and in the year 1889, at 
his home in Marion, Indiana, he departed this life for 
the great unknown future, with the laments of comrades, 
family, friends and society. 



GENERAL THOMAS W. BENNETT 

Was born in Union county. Indiana. February 16, 1831. 
He completed his education at Asbury, studied law. and 
after graduating at the University law school, practiced 
law at Liberty.' Indiana, until the breaking out of the 
rebellion, when he resigned his seat in the Indiana 
State Senate from the counties of Fayette and Union, 
and at the first call of President Lincoln for troops, in 
April, 1861, he raised a full Company of soldiers at Lib- 
erty, and as Captain of the Company was mustered into 
the loth Regiment Indiana Volunteers for three years* 
service. With that Regiment he served in the West 
Virginia campaign, under General McClellan. and was at 
the battles of Rich Mountain. Elk Water and Cheat 
Mountain. In September. 1861. while with his Company 
in West Virginia, he was commissioned Major of the 
86th Regiment, then in camp at Richmond, Indiana. 
Joining that Regiment, he participated in its movements 
and battles for more than a year. With that Regiment 
he entered Nashville as the advance of General Nelson's 
Division of the Army of the Ohio, went with it to Shi- 
loh, and participated in the Corinth campaign of General 
Halleck. and thence in the long marches to Tuscumbia. 
Iuka. Florence, Athens. Pulaski. Nashville, Murfreesboro 
and McMinnville. and from the latter place to Nashville 
and Louisville. Kentucky, in the great parallel race be- 
tween Buell and Bragg. He was at the battle of Perry- 
ville with Grose's Brigade, but the Corps and Division 
did not participate in the battle to a large extent. 
Then in command of the Regiment he led the advance 
in the pursuit of the rebels out of Kentucky. In Octo- 



GENERAL THOMAS W. BENNETT. 239 

ber, 1862, while in the field with the 36th. he was com- 
missioned Colonel of the 69th Indiana Volunteers, then 
in camp at Richmond. In command of that Regiment, 
and at times in command of the Brigade to which it 
belonged, he was in all the marches, skirmishes and 
battles which ended in the capture of Vicksburg and 
the opening of the Mississippi River, including the 
great battle of Chicasaw Bluffs and the capture of Ar- 
kansas Post, under General Sherman, and after crossing 
the Mississippi in the advance of Grant's Army, he was 
in the battles of Port Gibson. Rorymond. Champions 
Hill. Black River, and the Seige of Vicksburg. Then 
with his regiment he joined the Army of the Gulf at 
New Orleans, under General Banks. With that Army 
he was in the Tesche campaign, the Texas compaign, 
and the Red River expedition. He obtained a leave of 
absence to attend a session of the Indiana Senate to 
which he was elected in November, 1864. In the spring 
of I860 he was commissioned by the President Brevet 
Brigadier General for ••meritorious services in the 
field." At the close of the War he was mustered out, 
and resumed the practice of law at Richmond. Ind., of 
which city he was Mayor ten years. In 1870 he was. 
by President Grant, appointed Governor of Idaho, and 
after serving his term of four years was re-appointed, 
but declined the office. He returned to Richmond. Indi- 
ana, in 1876, where he now resides. In 1886 he was 
elected Department Commander of the Grand Army of 
the Republic for the Department of Indiana. He is at 
present one of the State Commissioners for the building 
of the Indiana Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument at Indi- 
anapolis. 



THE REGIMENT BY COMPANIES. 
COMPANY A. 

Company A. 36th Indiana Regiment, was recruited by 
William D. Wiles at Lewisville. Henry county. Indiana, 
and went into Camp Wayne at Richmond about the 
middle of August, 1861, and organized by electing Wil- 
liam D. Wiles Captain. Lewis C. Freeman First Lieuten- 
ant, and Nathan H. Wiles Second Lieutenant. 

The Company was composed almost entirely of young 
men. farmers and mechanics of that locality, many of 
whom were possessed of a good English education, and 
in enlisting did so from a sense of duty to their coun- 
try, and not because of any love for the profession of 
war. And yet their intelligence, in connection with the 
schooling and training in the movements of the drill 
given before and dining the time of their Camp Wayne 
stay, enabled them to present a very handsome appear- 
ance on the drill tield immediately upon entering the 
sci' vice. So noticeable was this fact, being then early 
in the war, that it was thought to be the cause that 
succeeded in giving the Company its name and rank in 
the Regimental line. The Company served with distinc- 
tion, participating in all the marches, hardships, expos- 
ures and battles in which the Regiment took part; and 
the Captain, yet living and in business at our State 
Capital, thinks that there are now but about thirty of 
the Company surviving. 

Captain W. D. Wiles was born in Liberty township. 
Henry county, Indiana, in 1828. He was a son of Luke 
Wiles, one of the early pioneers of Indiana. The youth- 




CAPTAIN \V. I). WILES. 



THE REGIMENT BY COMPANIES. 241 

ful days of the Captain were spent in farming and ac- 
quiring an education, and he started into the service 
with as good promise of usefulness and making his 
mark as a soldier might expect, but his connection with 
the Company was destined to be of comparatively short 
duration, as the exposures while in Camp Wickliffe 
brought on an attack of typhoid pneumonia, from the 
effects of which he was compelled to resign the follow- 
ing June. 

Lieutenant Lewis C. Freeman, who succeeded Captain 
Wiles, stood number one as a line officer. He was a 
native of Henry county and now resides in western 
Kansas. 

Lieutenant Nathan H. Wiles, brother of the Captain, 
was also unfortunate and compelled to leave the service 
because of ill health, and died many years since. 

"Forward — march!" was the Captain's word, 
And the tramp of a hundred men was heard. 
As they formed into line, in the morning gray, 
Shoulder to shoulder went Company A. 

COMPANY B. 

Alfred Kilgore, of Muncie, son of Hon. David Kil- 
gore, Represent alive in Congress for several years, 
recruited Company B in Delaware county. It was the 
second Company in Camp Wayne and he was. elected 
and commissioned Captain of the same. He was a gen- 
tleman all the time, and faithful to duty, but because of 
poor health was compelled to resign. He died several 
years since, at Muncie. May I'l*. 1862, Lieutenant Abra- 
ham D. Sliultz, a gallant and brave officer, was promo- 
ted to the vacancy. He was killed on the bloody 
Wednesday at Stone River, at the head of his Company, 
and was succeeded by Lieutenant Hugh A. Stephens. 



242 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Captain Stephens, a capital soldier, is yet living, and an 
excellent citizen, at Portland, Indiana. This Company 
had no superiors in line officers in the Regiment. 
Lieutenant George O. Willard was mortally wounded 
before Atlanta when charging the outer works of the 
enemy with his Company, and died August 8, 1864. 
The men of this Company, for gentility, repute and 
gallantry, were not excelled anywhere. The Thorn - 
bergs, old comrades, where are you ? Only one of you 
at the reunion last year. When will we see you ? 

COMPANY C. 

Captain Pyrrhus Woodward was born at New Castle, 
Indiana, in 1822, where his parents, Asahel and Cathar- 
ine Woodward, had settled three years before at the 
first organization of the town, and where the Captain 
passed his school days and grew T to manhood. In Octo- 
ber, 1*47. he enlisted in Company H. 5th Indiana Infan- 
try, the Regiment commanded by Colonel James H. 
Lane and the Company by Captain Oliver H. P. Carey, 
for the war of the United States with Mexico. He 
served with distinction to the end of that war. returned 
home and was mustered out at Madison, Indiana, in 
July, 1848. 

When the rebellion broke out the Captain enlisted, 
recruited Company C, 36th Indiana, went to Camp 
Wayne, was unanimously elected Captain, and was com- 
missioned as such September 14. 1861. He went to the 
front with Company C and formed line with the Regi- 
ment at the log house at Shiloh on the evening of 
April 6th, advanced, took part in repulsing the enemy, 
was on picket duty that dark and rainy night, and next 
day was with his Company on the skirmish line to the 
left flank, with close, hard fighting all day to the end of 



THE REGIMENT BY COMPANIES. 243 

the battle. The Captain continued in command of his 
Company on to Corinth, the lorn? marches that followed, 
and back to Kentucky. Perryville, Wildcat, and on to 
Stone River, and on that bloody Wednesday, the last 
day of the old year 1862, upon Major Kinley, in com- 
mand of the Regiment, being badly wounded in the first 
of the tight, the Captain at once assumed command of 
the Regiment and commanded it to the end of the long 
three days' battle with wisdom and credit to himself 
and the Regiment, His official report of the battle ap-. 
pears in another part of this volume, and is referred to 
for a fuller statement of the particulars in detail. The 
peril to the Captain was great, as well as to his men, 
one horse being shot and killed under him and the sec- 
ond one hit twice Because of an injury in the breast, 
the Captain resigned October 18, 1863, and was suc- 
ceeded by Lieutenant John C. Livezey. who was after- 
ward, April. 1864, promoted Commissary of Subsistence 
by the War Department. Daring Captain Livezey's 
Captaincy in the Company he was on detail on the 
Staff of the Brigade commander. 

COMPANY D. 

Major Kinley was born in Randolph county, Indiana, 
on the 7th day of November, 1821. His parents were of 
that stalwart pioneer Quaker stock which has contributed 
so much to the sterling character and worth of the east- 
ern counties of Indiana. The Major occupied a high 
position as a scholar and educator. He had studied 
law and been admitted to practice, represented Henry 
county in the legislature, and was a member of the 
convention that formed the present State constitution. 
He was active with some others in recruiting Company 
D of the 36th Regiment. Upon the organization of the 



244 THIRTY- SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Regiment, on the 16th day of September. 1861. the 
the Major was commissioned Captain, and David W. 
Chambers and Robert S. Swain, of New Castle, Lieu- 
tenants of Company D, and went with the Regiment to 
the front into active service. Major Bennett, of the 
Regiment, having been promoted Colonel of the 69th 
Indiana. Captain Kinley succeeded him on 7th day of 
November. 1862 ; Lieutenant Chambers succeeded Major 
Kinley as Captain on the same day. and Second Lieuten- 
ant Fentress succeeded Captain Chambers as First Lieu- 
tenant. The Major was in command of the Regiment 
at the commencement of the Battle of Stone River, on 
the 31st of December. 1862, and early in the engage- 
ment fell terribly wounded, with a broken thigh bone 
by a ball from a small arm. The Major was removed 
to the rear as soon as it was possible to be done. This 
was a very dangerous wound, yet with sound physical 
make-up. and good nursing by his loving companion, 
who reached him in a few days, his life was saved. 
The Major afterwards filled the office of Provost Mar- 
shal of what is now the Sixth District of Indiana, and 
served four years as State Senator from Wayne county. 
But a sad part is yet to be named, the loving nurse 
and companion, after their removal to California, sick- 
ened and died several years since. The Major is at 
Sunland. that State, in business. He was a gallant, 
brave soldier, and always a good, quiet and worthy citi- 
zen. Many of the men of this Company were educa- 
ted, and from the best families of Henry county. They 
served their country earnestly and faithfully. 

COMPANY E. 

The Captain of Company E at the organization of the 
Regiment was Samuel G. Kearney, who was relieved 



THE REGIMENT BY COMPANIES. 245 

and went out of the service February 25, L862. Lieu- 
tenant Charles R. Case was promoted to Captain and 
detached to the Signal Corps. First Lieutenant Joseph 
G. Lemon, of Richmond, had the general care and com- 
mand of the Company, aided by other Lieutenants by 
turns, and it was well commanded. But Lieutenant 
Lemon was badly wounded on the Atlanta campaign. 
July 4. 1864. and was never after able for duty, and was 
mustered out with the Regiment. He was an excellent 
soldier, as well as one of the best of citizens. He was 
mustered out of all earthly toils a little over two years 
since, lamented by all who knew him. Lieutenant Zene 
C. Bohrer was promoted to Adjutant, and was one of 
the best in every capacity. Every member of the Com- 
pany knew his duty and performed it well. The Com- 
pany was recruited promiscuously over the district. 

COMPANY F. 

Company P was recruited from Wayne county, mostly 
from the vicinity of Richmond. George Hoover, of 
Richmond, was first Captain, and resigned February 5, 
1862. Then came Lewis C. Freeman, transferred from 
Company A. Next came George M. Graves, of Rich- 
mond, as Captain, who was detailed as Acting Assistant 
Adjutant General, or Chief on the Brigade Commander's 
Staff. He was mortally wounded at the battle of Chic- 
amauga. and died September 28, L863. He was a brave 
and most excellent soldier and officer. Next came Lieu- 
tenant Joseph L. Smith, commissioned Captain Septem- 
ber 29, L863. He stayed to the end. was a complete 
soldier, and trained the members of his Company to the 
same standard. Lieutenant Salathiel D. Colvin died of 
wounds received at Chicamauga. Lieutenant Robert P. 
Gordon remained with Captain Smith and the Company. 



246 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

and all were mustered out with the Regiment, duty well 
performed. 

COMPANY (t. 

Company G was recruited entirely in "little Union'" 
county, organized with the Regiment at Camp Wayne 
and duly mustered in. James P. Orr mustered as fir&t 
Captain September 16th. 1861. resigned June 9th. 1862. 
James H King,' brave and daring, was appointed his 
successor and killed at Stone River January 2, 1863. 
He was shot through the head while cheering on his 
men. He was succeeded by Lieutenant James H. Mc- 
Clung, who served faithfully as Captain until January 
26th, 1864, when he resigned and was succeeded by 
Lieutenant Jesse W. I. Smith, who continued to the end 
and was mustered out with the Regiment. He served 
his Government well ; was wounded at Stone River, but 
was only a little time away from duty. The Captain 
worked his way from Sergeant to the highest Company 
officer. This Company suffered largely in killed and 
wounded. George W. White, torn to pieces on the 
evening of April 6th, 1862. was the first sacrifice in bat- 
tle in the Regiment, All whose lives were spared, as 
well as those who fell by the way, deserve a high meed 
of praise for duty well performed. 

COM" PA NY H. 

Company H was recruited entirely from the goodly 
county of Fayette, in which have been reared many 
great men who have served their country grandly. Of 
such were the members of Company H. 36th Indiana 
Regiment. One known to the writer spent a portion of 
his boyhood days there, and from that he has become 
tolerably great and is still living right on. 



THE REGIMENT BY COMPANIES. 247 

The Company was recruited and went to Camp Wayne 
early in September. 1861, largely by the labor and influ- 
ence of Gilbert Trusler, who. upon the organization of 
the Regiment, was elected Captain of Company H and 
served faithfully as such until promoted Major of the 
Regiment. June 3d, 1863, and resigned that position De- 
cember 23d, 1868. He died some years since. Lieuten- 
ant William F. Limpus succeeded Major Trusler as 
Captain. He served and was mustered out with the 
Regiment. Lieutenant Addison M. Davis, the ranking 
Lieutenant, when the Regiment was leaving Savannah 
on Sunday for Shiloh. his Company being left as train 
guard, ran after the Colonel at the head of the Regi- 
ment and urged to be permitted to go. which was al- 
lowed, and he returned and got his equipments and 
came forward joyfully. Company E having no commis- 
sioned officer at that time present, he was placed in 
command thereof, and on the next day, April 7th. near 
to the close of the battle, while pressing the Company 
forward in proper shape, he was struck by a ball at 
the neck in front, and fell dead without a word. Thus 
went clown a gallant, brave young man. leaving a young 
companion and other friends to mourn their loss. First 
Lieutenant George Mulliken was mustered out with the 
Regiment, having worked his way up from a private. 
The line officers in command of this Company, as well 
as the enlisted men. performed their duties fully and 
gallantly, and deserve well of the country. 

COMPANY I. 

This Company was recruited from the vicinity of 
Cambridge City, all in Wayne county, mostly by the ef- 
forts of Dr. John Sim. assisted by James Newby. and at 
the organization of the Regiment, September 16th, Dr. 



248 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

Sim was commissioned Captain and George B. Seig and 
George L. Weist Lieutenants. The Company thus offi- 
cered wont into active service at the front. Sieg and 
Weist were mustered out December 25, 1862, and Ser- 
geant James Newby was appointed First Lieutenant. 
December 24. 1863, Captain Sim was promoted to Major. 
Lieutenant Newby was promoted to Captain, and Ed- 
ward W. Gilbert, of Company B. was promoted First 
Lieutenant, Major Sim. Lieutenants Newby and Gilbert 
were competent and excellent officers. With them the 
enlisted men feared no danger, and went at the enemy 
whenever ordered. The last heard of Major Sim he 
w T as living in Chicago. Newby and Gilbert are both 
living. 

COMPANY K. 

Rev. Morrow P. Armstrong and Milton Peden re- 
cruited Company K. mostly in Henry county, and upon 
the organization of the Regiment and Company. Morrow 
P. Armstrong was commissioned and mustered as Cap- 
tain. Milton Peden as First Lieutenant and John S. 
Way as Second Lieutenant. Captain Armstrong re- 
signed April 24, 1*02. and was succeeded by Lieutenant 
Peden as Captain. Captain Armstrong re-entered the 
service as Chaplain of the same Regiment, and because 
of disability resigned January 22. L863. Captain Peden 
was mustered out with the Regiment and re entered the 
service as Colonel of the 147th Regiment, and served to 
the end of the war. Charles M. Davis was appointed 
First Lieutenant to succeed Colonel Peden, and was 
mustered out with the Regiment and re-entered the ser- 
vice. John S. Way, mustered in with the Company as 
Second Lieutenant, resigned February 0. 1862, and was 
succeeded by Corporal Jonathan Ross, who served well 
and was mustered out with the Regiment. These line 



THE REGIMENT BY_COMPANJEK. 249 

officers were all competent and efficient in their duties 
and served their country well. Colonel Peden was 
wounded by a small ball through the thigh at Stone 
River, while acting on the Staff of the Brigade com- 
mander, and perhaps has never fully recovered from 
the effects of the wound. Lieutenant Ross died a few 
years since, lamented by all. The officers and enlisted 
men of this Company who did not fall by the way, re- 
turned to their homes with an enviable reputation as 
gallant soldiers and true men. 

TO COMRADES." 

Comrades, ye who in the battle 

Stood together firm and true, 
At the shrine of this union 

Dedicate your loves anew. 

Ye are like the trees left standing 

YVhen the fierce tornado's past: 
Let the boughs of those remaining 

Twine together firm and fast. 

And when sounds the last assembly, 
When the guard lias gone his round, 

May you pitch your tents together 
On some happier camping ground. 



GENERAL GROSES FAREWELL TO HIS 
OLD BRIGADE. 

The following is General Grose's farewell to his old 
Brigade : 

Headquarters Third Brigade, First J 

Division, near Nashville, Tenn., >■ 

Jane 6th, 1865. ) 
Soldiers of the Third Brigade: 

The object for which we have been associated together 
having been accomplished, we are now about to separate 
and most of us join our families and friends at home. while 
some of you continue for further duty. You have acted well 
your part, faithfully and bravely, in the great struggle of 
your country for the maintenance of right and justice over 
wrong and oppression. You will feel better that you have 
done your part for your country, than to have stood as idle 
spectators. Since we are compelled to separate, I feel 
thankful that I leave you in the enjoyment of an enviable 
reputation, a reputation of which j 7 our friends can boast 
and you feel proud. Your toils, hardships and perils will 
be attended with the perpetuation of the National Govern- 
ment with greater power and glory than ever before. 

Treasure up for our fallen comrades a kind remembrance 
as heroes of their age, in a great and good cause. 

Take home, and into the future with you, the heartfelt 
gratitude of your humble commander for his lot having been 
cast with such gallant soldiers and kind-hearted gentlemen. 
God bless and take care of you. Good-bye. 

. Wm. Grose, Brigadier General. 



THE 1891 REUNION. 

Roster of names of members of the 36th Indiana Reg- 
iment attending the annual reunion at Hagerstown, on 
September 24th and 25th, 1891 : 

COMPANY A. 

Wm. D. Wiles. Indianapolis ; C. Watson, Pendleton ; J. E. 
Werking. Elwood ; J. H. Henry, Mays Station ; Wm. Calla- 
han. Knightstown; John Antrim, Knightstown; George 
Beach, Lewisville ; J. T. Thomas. New Castle. 

COMPANY B. 

Phil A. B. Kenneday. Indianapolis ; C. H. Runkle.. South 
Bend; J. P. Sullivan. Anderson; G. W. Worl, Farmland : 
Wm. Clevinger, Farmland ; L. P. Everett. Muncie ; John 
Vail, Williamsburg ; C. L. Reynolds, Elwood ; W. P. Mc- 
Clain, Muncie ; John Little, Muncie ; John W. Taylor. Mun- 
cie ; W. H. H. Richey, Muncie; John Reynold. Muncie ; 
Joshua Jester, Yorktown ; J. T. Fullhart. Reed Station ; 
Lieutenant Ed. Gilbert, Burlington ; G. L. Janney, New 
Corner. 

COMPANY C. 

Captain John C. Livezey. New Castle ; Lieutenant John 
C.Wayman, New Castle ; Captain C. M. Moore, New Castle ; 
Jacob Sweigart, Muncie : Andrew McDowell. Muncie ; John 
Sanders. Shelby ville ; John Harvey, New Castle ; Geo. At- 
kinson. Sulphur Springs; Henry Reichart. Cadiz; Benj. 
Crawford, Losantville ; L. D. Shepherd. New Castle ; Zeno 
Pearson, Russiaville ; Noah McCormick. Cadiz ; M. Hague- 
wood, New Castle; E. F. Millikan, New Castle: Nathan 
Nicholson. New Castle. 

COMPANY D. 

Captain D. W. Chambers. New Castle ; Lieutenant A. W. 

Saint. New Castle ; Jabez H. Bowman. Greensboro ; J. W. 

Coon, Greensboro; Wm. Newby, Spiceland ; J. Spencer. 

Spiceland ; Thos. Howren, Greensboro ; H. B. Chew, Ken- 



252 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

nard ; P. Rose, Snyder : Exum Copeland. Greensboro ; W. 
E. Bicknell, Richmond ; Tom Houck, New Castle ; Wm. H. 
Macy. New Castle ; John Newby. Knightstown. 

COMPANY E. 

Captain Zene C. Bohrer. St. Paul. Minn. ; B. C. Hornaday, 
Muncie ; C. H. Smothers, Modoc ; D. Minnick. Daleville ; 
D. Cheesman, Hagerstown; Jack Walker. Bethany. Mo.; 
John Level. Greensfork ; John Erwin, Muncie ; J.W. Olvey, 
Economy ; J. B. Benbow, Hagerstown ; James Thompson, 
Richmond ; Albert Fritz, Hagerstown ; George Gephart, 
Hagerstown ; J. A. Fowler, Parker ; G. F. Andrew, Penn 
ville ; Wm. Sullivan, Straughn ; Richard Level, Winchester; 
Tom Benbow, Hagerstown. 

COMPANY F. 

Captain Joseph Smith, Richmond ; Geo. Muhl, Rich- 
mond ; R.M.Clark, Fountain City; Wm. Robinson, Fountain 
City ; W. H. Thornburg, Bloomingsport ; David Veal, Me- 
chanicsburg ; Thad Gordon, Knightstown ; Frank Frentz, 
Farmland ; L. Gautz, Farmland ; Aaron Hughes, Pink 
Staff, 111. ; John Dennis. Richmond ; Lieutenant R. P. Gor- 
don, Callo, Mo.; Matt Brower, Anderson; Albert Cain, 
Greensfork ; O. P. Brown. Camden, O. ; C. W. Skinner, 
New Corner ; 01 Miller, Carlos City ; Seth Watson, Rich- 
mond. 

COMPANY G. 

Captain J. H. McClung, Muncie ; Captain J. H. Swisher, 
Liberty; Captain J. W. I. Smith. 1212 Michigan Ave., Chi- 
cago, 111. ; A. F. Hall, Cammack ; Wm. Allen. Richmond ; 
H. H. Eaton, Bringhurst ; H. C. Bridgett. Mooreland ; 
Thomas J. Eaton, Liberty ; C. M. Paddock, Darwin. 

COMPANY II. 

Captain W. H. Limpus, Alpine ; John Campbell, Pendle- 
ton ; Jacob Askins, Pendleton ; Henry Branner, New Lis- 
bon ; James Ludlow, Connersville ; W. S. Jordon. Con- 
nersville ; Robert Best, Brookville ; Wm. Young, Conners- 
ville ; Benj. Turner, Harrisburg ; John Myers. 

COMPANY I. 

James Werking, Anderson; John H. Cecil, Muncie; Jos. 



THE LAST REUNION. 253 

Funk, Dublin ; Wm. Miller, Cambridge ; Aaron Conklin, 
Mt. Summit. 

COMPANY K. 

D. A. Waller, Farmer City. 111. ; W. P. Sherry, Muncie ; 
Daniel Rinker, Daleville : Daniel Catt, New Castle ; Wm. 
Bailey, Farmland ; John McGuire, Farmland ; Clint Haw- 
hee, Knightstown ; A. J. Driscoll, Neff ; John Murray, New 
Castle ; Peter A. Helm, Windsor ; Wm. Hewitt, Windsor ; 
C. Armstrong, Knightstown ; 0. V. Lemon. Richmond. 

Visitors. — Joel Collins, Company A, 139th Indiana; 
James M. Welker, 16th Indiana; Micajah Newby, 16th In- 
diana. 

William Grose, President of Association. 

John C. Livezey, Secretary. 

Patient in toil; serene amidst alarms; 
Inflexible in faith ; invincible in arms. 



SOLDIERS' HELP. 

Our great country today would have been a depen- 
dency if it had not been for her soldiers. India, with 
all her wealth and numbers, is subject to the little 
island of Britain. We were also her subjects once, but 
our brave citizen soldiery threw off the yoke ; and the 
people are indebted to them for the creation of our in- 
dependent government. The War of 1812 gave further 
assurance of our power and soldierly strength on land 
and sea in favor of the defence of the great cardinal 
principles marked out and laid down by our fathers. 

The Mexican War demonstrated to the world that we 
had a brave, skillful soldiery ; and we grew up through 
our wars and developed into the hardy, vigorous Repub- 
lic of the United States of America, commanding the 
respect of the world ; our flag everywhere honored, and 
our country the refuge for oppressed humanity of every 
land. Except the slavery in a portion of our own. 

This was the condition and standing of our Govern- 
ment in 1860; our people then with a fair promise be- 
fore them; with a President elected for the four suc- 
ceeding years, than whom none better could have been 
chosen, than whom none better ever was chosen among 
men for any political position on earth. Yet through 
the teachings of bad and sinful men he was stricken 
down in the prime of his useful life, and may not yet 
have risen to the full measure of his greatness. But 
the same wicked hearts and hands extended their 
wrongs and crimes further, with a powerful effort to 
destroy the Government of Washington, Jefferson, Ham- 
ilton and their compeers ; and to blot out the hopes of 



SOLDIERS' HELP. 255 

a Republican government forever, and thus to call a halt 
to the advance of civilization, civil liberty and humanity : 
and in lieu thereof to set up and maintain forever a 
Confederate Government. Yet the mischief failed, and 
in lieu thereof slavery was abolished and all placed 
equal before the law, with the help of the soldier. 

We desire to say. on behalf of one of our auxiliaries 
and great helps during the war: If the love of country 
and abnegation of self is to be approved and admired ; 
if disinterested labor and sacrifice that counted not the 
cost . is worthy the gratitude of truly grateful hearts, 
then the mothers, wives and sisters of our country are 
those whom we. the soldiers of the Republic, in our 
hour of action, should honor with the truest, the sincer- 
est gratitude of soldiers' hearts. What sacrifice on the 
country's altar was more clearly purchased than the lift 1 
of the husband who left his widow desolate ; what can 
comfort the heart of her whose only boy died that the 
Nation might live ! If we who survive feel the moisten- 
ing eye and the thickening throat as we recall the 
names of comrades who have gone before, how ever- 
present the sorrow of those whose staff and hope have 
departed, whose joys and whose loves lie buried in the 
bloody grave ! 

But yet our heroic dead : of all the memories of the 
rebellion and the war, there are none so full of grief 
and sorrow as the memory of our fallen comrades. In 
the Long and weary tramp, tramp, tramp, many perished 
l>y the wayside, many pined to death in the prisons, 
and many went down heroically upon the gory field. 
We wish not to forget those who were sacrificed for the 
good of the present and coming generations, but rather 
emulate their love of our common country. 

For the needy survivors, the widows and orphans of 
those who have passed away, w r e may quote the follow- 



256 THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY. 

ing : "We must take care of these men who bore the 
front and fire of the battle ; we must shield their wid- 
ows and orphans from the cares and trials of this life 
as far as we can." — [A. Lincoln.] As this grand patriot 
says, "we must take care of these men" does not mean 
to send them to the poor house, but rather, with an 
overflowing Treasury, it means to compensate the needy 
in accordance with their need and service to their coun- 
try, and care for them as duty demands. 



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